Оригинальные статьи. Рубрика в журнале - Гений ортопедии
Статья научная
Introduction Whereas hip joint destroying trauma and diseases are difficult situations, the problem is more complex when it is complicated by hip instability. This could be a sequel of several hip affections such as trauma, septic or tuberculous arthritis, neglected developmental dysplasia of the hip, postoperative conditions, and neurologic pathologies (cerebral palsy, myelomeningocele, poliomyelitis). Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate long-term radiographic and clinical outcomes of the Ilizarov hip reconstruction for the treatment of painful and unstable hips in adolescents and young adults. Materials and methods The study included 136 patients with an average age of 18.3 years (range, 6 to 34 years); 75 patients were males (55.1%) and 61 females (44.9%). The primary causes of the hip instability were untreated or unsuccessfully treated cases of septic arthritis (40 cases; 29.4 %), congenital hip dislocation (28 cases; 20.6 %), paralytic hip dislocation (36 cases; 26.5 %), proximal femoral focal deficiency (14 cases; 10.3 %), neglected fracture of the femoral neck (10 cases; 7.4 %), osteoarthritis (6 cases; 4.4 %), and tuberculous hip arthritis (2 cases; 1.5 %). The intervention consisted in the performance of two osteotomies (proximal and distal) of the femur with pelviс support and placement of the Ilizarov apparatus of a specific assembly. Results The external fixation period ranged from 4 to 12 months (6.5 months on average). Patients were followed up for an average of 17.4 years (range, 5 to 27 years). Multiple clinical parameters at final follow-ups showed significant improvement, including pain relief, pain-free walking distance, lameness, hip flexion and abduction, hip contracture, and lumbar lordosis. Functionally, the mean Harris Hip Score improved with a statistically significant difference from 48 points (range, 35-65) before surgery to 83 points (range 70-90) after surgery. The pain disappeared in all patients, with the exception of six cases of pain in the early postoperative period. In all cases, supportive walking aids were no longer necessary, with the exception of two cases of persistent pain by physical activities. Walking ability and painless walking distance improved in all patients from an average of 35 m (range, 10 to 50 m) before surgery to 1,150 m (range, 1,000 to 1,500 m) after surgery, showing significant difference. Conclusion Ilizarov pelvic support osteotomy provided a multi-purpose solution to the complex challenging problem of hip instability in adolescents and young adults with variable primary etiologies. The improvements in the hip motion, mechanical axis, and correction of limb-length discrepancy lead to good functional outcomes over a long-term follow-up. This treatment modality might avoid or postpone the need for total hip arthroplasty for several years.
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Introduction Bone repair is a complex and multifaceted process that generally happens naturally unless complicated by situations such as substantial bone defects. The bone healing process is typically divided into three stages: inflammation, repair, and remodeling. Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) renowned for its abundant reserves of calcium and phosphorus, easily assimilated by the body. Its exceptional biocompatibility assists in the formation of an absorbable interlinked structure at the injury site, contributing to the advancement of the healing process.Purpose This study aimed to estimate the effects of a scaffold of collagen/β-tricalcium phosphate (Coll/βTCP) on bone construction to evaluate its latent usage as a bone auxiliary to repair bone defects.Material and Methods The experiment was performed on 20 adult male albino rats. Four holes were surgically created on each animal, two in each femur; two holes were treated separately with Coll or β-TCP, one hole with their combination. The untreated hole served as a control. Animals were scarified after twoand four-week treatment periods (10 rats for each). Immunohistochemical analysis of bone marrow stromal cells, osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts using polyclonal antibodies to osteocalcin was performed.Result Immunohistochemical results discovered strong positive expression of osteocalcin in bone healing in the group of combined treatment (β-TCP and collagen) as compared to other groups. Highly significant differences were seen between the combination of collagen with β-TCP and the control group at both timepoints of the experiment.Discussion The marker osteocalcin is unique to osteoblasts, specifically to osteoblasts that are actively forming new osteoid or remodeling bone. The obtained findings showed that mean values of osteocalcin expression were greater in the experimental groups than in the control group.Conclusion The combination of collagen with β-TCP showed the greatest efficacy in accelerating bone healing and increasing osteogenic capacity due to increased osteocalcin immunoreactivity.
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Management of congenital radial club hand by gradual correction
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Introduction Severe congenital radial club hand is aesthetically unacceptable. This paper represents our experience in treating early and late diagnosed cases using gradual distraction by Ilizarov external fixator. Methods We treated 34 cases of congenital radial club hand with an age ranged from 1 to 15 years. There were 20 girls and eight bilateral cases. Three had been treated on both sides. So, we have treated 37 limbs. Nine cases had been operated before. Centralization alone was done in 12 cases and followed by lengthening in eight cases. Ulnar lengthening and gradual correction of wrist deformities were done for the rest of cases. The patients were followed clinically and radiographically with the following parameters: hand forearm angle, range of motion, daily functional activities, extent of lengthening achieved, and cosmetic improvement. Results The follow up ranged from 1 to 10 years. The magnitude of lengthening achieved ranged from 5 to 11 cm. The average healing index was 52.02 days/cm with cosmetic appearance satisfaction in all cases. Complications included; pin tract infection in 24 cases, flexion contractures of the elbow and fingers in 26 cases [which mostly disappeared during follow up], and spontaneous ulnocarpal fusion in 2 cases. Two cases suffered fracture in the regenerate zone. Conclusions The use of the Ilizarov method with gradual distraction of bone and soft tissues in treatment of radial club hand was effective in forearm lengthening with functional and cosmetic improvement.
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Management of forearm bone gap non-unions by Ilizarov technique
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Purpose Proper treatment of forearm bone gap non-union should achieve both biological stimulation of the bone and elastic mechanical stability. The use of Ilizarov technique enhances the healing of a non-union providing osteogenic, osteoconductive and an optimal stability with the Ilizarov fixation. We retrospectively reviewed 26 patients affected by forearm bone non-union and treated with the Ilizarov fixation. Materials and Methods Twenty six patients were treated for gap non-unions of forearm bones with the Ilizarov compression distraction device from 2000 to 2015 in BARI-ILIZAROV ORTHOPAEDIC CENTRE. Results All the difficult non-unions healed in a mean of 7 months, ranging from 5 to 12 months. At the latest follow- up, forearm functions were satisfactory. Conclusion The Ilizarov compression distraction device is a fantastic tool in promoting the healing of forearm non-unions, even if the bones are very atrophic.
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Musculoskeletal anomalies in children with mucopolysaccaridoses
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Introduction The accumulation of glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) in the tissues in Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) can lead to skeletal anomalies (DYSOSTOSIS MULTIPLEX) and to soft tissue impairments (neural or medullar compression, joint stiffness, tenosynovitis). Here is a review of orthopedic issues frequently encountered in patients with MPS. Material and methods Surgery may be justified at different age and according to the type of MPS. Different surgical approaches and their indications are exposed in the article. Results The article exposes indications and techniques for orthopedic issues in MPS children: cervical stenosis, cervical instability, kyphosis, hip dysplasia and hip dislocation, genu valgum. Conclusion Various musculoskeletal anomalies can be found in patients with mucopolysaccharidoses. Neurological impairments are frequently seen due to cervical stenosis or instability and should be early detected with regular MRI of the cervical spine. Well-codified management should lead to favorable functional results and maintain functional and walking abilities.
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Neglected сlubfoot treated by Ilizarov and Ponseti methods
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The Ponseti method has revolutionized clubfoot treatment. Though completely neglected clubfeet are now rare, partially or incompletely and improperly treated feet are not uncommon. Relapses after successful correction may occur due to non-compliance with bracing. In scarred soft tissues due to previous surgery, soft tissue distraction using external fixation helps achieve correction. The Ilizarov fixator permits us to follow the Ponseti protocol, using correction methods that may either be constrained or unconstrained by hinges. Applying force vectors perpendicular to the moment arm allows us to correct the equinus without damaging the ankle joint. All of the above is possible when the talus is round. Full correction of the deformity is possible. However, long-term follow-up of these patients has revealed stiffness of the ankle setting and frequently with tibio-talar osteophytes anteriorly. They are probably a reaction to excessive pressure developed in the joint due to the tight soft tissues. Hence the author has now added a mild shortening of the tibia and fibula to reduce soft tissue tension, rather than resorting to further soft tissue releases through scarred tissues. This allows faster correction with the Ponseti-Ilizarov protocol and allows good ankle range of motion to persist.
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Non-obvious and obvious signs of the thoracic spine pathology: a clinical study
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Background The thoracic spine pathology can lead to severe disability and discomfort.This study aims to identify determinant characteristics in patients with thoracic spine pathologies who present with non-regional complaints such as lumbar/cervical pain and others.Methods A prospective observational descriptive study was conducted at Basrah Teaching Hospital from March 2020 to December 2021, enrolling 114 patients categorized into two groups. Group A included patients with thoracic spine pathology and thoracic pain, while Group B consisted of patients with thoracic spine pathology and non-local symptoms (such as lower lumbar pain, pain in extremities, etc.). Comprehensive clinical evaluations were performed using a specially designed questionnaire.Results The majority of patients were in the 60-79 age group, with females comprising 55 % in Group A and 60 % in Group B. Smoking was observed in 28.98 % of Group A and 26.66 % of Group B. Symptomatic patients with solitary back pain commonly exhibited dorsal root compression symptoms (49.27 %), lower limb weakness (18.84 %), and sphincter dysfunction (7.24 %). Patients with thoracic plus lower and/or neck pain frequently reported paraesthesia (42.22 %) and cervical root symptoms (48.38 %). Kyphotic deformity was present in 20.28 % of Group A and 11.11 % of Group B, while tenderness was observed in 23.18 % of Group A and 13.33 % of Group B. Plain radiograph changes, including disk space narrowing (44.44 %), subchondral sclerosis (29.63 %), curve alterations (29.63 %), and facet arthropathy (25.9 %), were more prevalent in those with symptomatic thoracic back pain (Group A).Conclusion Non-local symptoms in thoracic spine pathologies are common, with complicated and multi-site low back pain being more prevalent than isolated back or thoracic pain. Elderly individuals, females, obesity, and comorbidities appear to be predictive risk factors for low back pain development. Paraesthesia emerges as the most common neurological manifestation, while kyphosis and scoliosis are primary presentations of thoracic pathologies. Multi-modalities of imaging, including plain radiographs, MRI, CT scan, and DEXA scan, can aid in detecting back pathologies. The mainstay of managing symptomatic thoracic pathologies is surgical intervention.
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Outcomes using the Ilizarov external mini-fixator for Monteggia fractures in children
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Objective To evaluate the use of Ilizarov external mini-fixation in the treatment of Monteggia fractures (dislocation of the radial head with an associated fracture of the proximal ulna) in children. Methods Children with proximal ulnar fracture were included and underwent fracture reduction surgery with Ilizarov external mini-fixators, followed by immobilization of the supinated forearm with plaster. The reduction was evaluated intra-operatively using arthrography. Mackay criteria were used to evaluate clinical outcomes at follow-up. Results A total of 15 children were included in the study. Mackay efficacy was 100 %, indicating excellent outcomes using the Ilizarov external mini-fixator. Conclusion Use of the Ilizarov external mini-fixator is particularly suitable in the treatment of children with comminuted and compression fractures of proximal ulna. It is easy to operate, low invasive and is worthy of promotion.
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Introduction Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the treatment of end-stage osteoarthritis in patients who failed to respond to conservative treatment in providing significant pain relief and improving joint function. The medial parapatellar approach (MPP) allows adequate patellar eversion and sufficient knee flexion to expose the knee joint, but the incision through the quadriceps tendon may impair the extensor mechanism of the knee post-operatively. The subvastus approach (SV) completely spares both the quadriceps tendon and muscle and provides adequate exposure of the knee joint for the replacement procedure, SV maintains integrity of the patellar blood supply and reduces post-operative pain resulting in shorter hospital stay.The aim of this prospective study was to compare the results of the medial parapatellar and subvastus approaches in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) regarding postoperative pain, recovery of muscle strength, range of knee motion and return to regular daily activities.Materials and Methods Sixty patients underwent TKA at El-Hadara university hospital in Alexandria. The medial parapatellar apphroach (MPP) was performed in 30 patients while the subvastus approach (SV) was used for the other 30 patients. The choice of approach was randomly assigned.Results The statistical analysis of the results at the end of a 6-month follow-up showed that there were no significant differences between the patients in group 1 (MPP) and group 2 (SV) with respect to age, gender, comorbidity, side operated or body mass index (BMI). Regarding the functional knee scores (IKDC, WOMAC), there were no differences at 4 weeks, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively between the two groups. However, we found better outcomes in the SV group regarding the VAS score during the first five postoperative days, earlier quadriceps recovery by assessment of Straight Leg Raising test (SLR), while the operative time was longer in the SV group with less blood collected postoperatively in hemovac drain in the same group.Discussion In our study during the operation via the MPP approach, the index suture positioned at the superomedial border of the patella and the opposite suture on the medial retinacular flap had enabled the surgeon to avoid patellar maltracking during closure of the wound. In the SV group, the L-shaped incision of the medial capsule was considered an efficient landmark for accurate soft tissue closure avoiding the patellar maltracking.Conclusion The subvastus approach offers the advantage of keeping the integrity of quadriceps muscle and the extensor mechanism remains intact post-surgery. It causes less pain and less blood loss postoperatively than the regular parapatellar approach. The patient could recover the knee function in a shorter time with fewer complications, which is greatly in line with the concept of ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery).
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Pyomyositis: case series of 14 patients to study the significance of early diagnosis and management
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Introduction Pyomyositis denotes primary pyogenic infection of skeletal muscle. It is predominantly a disease of tropical countries. It usually involves the largest muscle groups around the pelvic girdle and lower extremities. Primary reasons for delay in diagnosis are its low incidence and vague presentation [7]. This delay can result in complications such as extension into and destruction of an adjacent joint, sepsis and, even death. Our study is aimed to highlight the extent and sequence of treatment protocol required for good management of these patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed our experience with a series of 14 pediatric patients with primary pyomyositis who were treated and followed up. There were five girls and nine boys. All 14 patients underwent plain radiographs, USG and MRI of the affected area followed by surgical drainage and a course of antibiotics. Patients were followed up with weekly CRP. Results Six out of 14 (42.9 %) patients had a history of mild trauma. Ileopsoas muscle was involved in 4 patients, 3 cases in which the gluteals or quadriceps were involved, 2 cases with obturator muscle involvement and 2 cases in which adductors were the infection site. All 14 patients were treated surgically. Conclusion Our study shows that early diagnosis, complete drainage of the purulent material and the use of appropriate antibiotic therapy are the key determinants of successful treatment that lead to complete resolution in the majority of cases.
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Optimizing the conditions for cranial bone fracture healing remains to be a relevant field of the current traumatology and orthopaedics. Purpose. To study the impact of compression on reparative osteogenesis when engrafting the resected flaps of calvarial bones. Materials and methods. Two groups of experiments performed in 20 adult mongrel dogs complying with all the requirements of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and other Scientific Purposes. Dogs from Group 1 (n=10) underwent resection of the two sites of calvarial bones (the caudal flap preserved connections with surrounding soft tissues, the cranial flap - not preserved) of rectangular shape and 1.9×1.5 cm by size, they were laid into their former place and fixation performed with compression using thin wires with stoppers to the medial defect margin by transosseous osteosynthesis method. Compression produced by tightening fixing wires with the force of 40 kg. In Group 2 (n=10) bone flaps were laid into the defect without fixation. The investigations (clinical, radiological and histological) performed 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60 days after surgery. Results. Compression produced at the junction of the margins of free bone fragments and calvarial flat bone defect revealed to contribute to bone tissue formation in earlier periods of time. Conclusion. The results obtained in the present study formed the basis for using the technique of transosseous compression osteosynthesis in treatment of patients with cranial bone fractures in clinical departments of the Center.
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Reconstruction of bone loss of diaphyseal tibial bones using G.A. Ilizarov technique
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The treatment of segmental defects in the diaphysis of long bones is one of the most difficult problems that a surgeon faces in his practice. Methods that are used to cover bone defects include bone autotransplantation [1], posterolateral bone transplantation [2], allotransplantation [3], and tibialization [4]. With the application of all the above traditional methods of treating bone defects, numerous surgical interventions are sometimes required. The period of treatment is long, the load on the limb may not be possible, and the functional results are often unsatisfactory. Recent studies have demonstrated that the method used GA. Ilizarov is more popular than the use of vascularized bone grafts, especially with large bone defects [5, 14].
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Reconstructive surgery in recurrent deformity (clubfoot relapse)
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Introduction Recurrent clubfoot deformity may be due to either an imperfect initial correction, or a natural history of a severe disease. In the later, idiopathic clubfoot is uncommon. In the review we describe reconstructive surgery in recurrent deformity of idiopathic clubfoot. Material and methods Surgery may be justified at different age and according to the type of deformity. Different surgical approaches and their indications are exposed in the article. Results After Ponseti’s method application additional surgeries may be considered in recurrent clubfoot deformity which may represent 10 to 20 % of cases: second Achilles tenotomy, postero-lateral relapse, complete antero-medial and postero-lateral relapse, transfer of the anterior tibial tendon, correction of sequelae: metatarsus varus, residual equinus, residual rotation of the calcaneopedal unit. Conclusion Idiopathic equine varus clubfoot is a frequent condition. Well-codified management should lead to extremely favorable functional results. Unfortunately, some cases lead to a recurrence of the deformity. Surgical procedures are sometimes required. The goal is to avoid as much as possible arthrodesis and secondary degenerative arthritis.
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Resorbable implants in paediatric orthopaedics and traumatology
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Background Development of resorbable implants for paediatric orthopaedics is promising as there is no need for implant removal.The aim of this paper is to present our experience in resorbable implants in paediatric traumatology, and to make an overview of the recent literature.Material and methods In our department of paediatric traumatology and orthopaedics, we have operated 7 children with fractures of long bones with resorbable screws (ActivaScrew™). The inclusion criteria were intra-articular and juxta-articular fractures in children with an indication for screw fixation. To prepare the review, we searched for information sources at the scientific platforms such as PubMed, Scopus, ResearchGate, RSCI, as well as other published products (Elsevier, Springer).Results The cohort is represented by 7 patients, 4 girls and 3 boys, aged from 5 to 14 years old. The 7 fractures were 3 at the elbow and 4 at the ankle joint. In the immediate postoperative period, no patient presented with abnormal swelling, redness, or tissue reaction. Pain disappeared at day 7 in all cases. Weight-bearing and return to sport activities were allowed in normal delay. Radiological bone union was obtained between 3 and 6 weeks. Range of motion in adjacent joints was comparable to the opposite non-fractured side at 3 months. There were no cases of complications, no infection, and no need for a reoperation.Discussion The use of resorbable implants, either co-polymers or magnesium, solves the problem: removal of implants is not anymore necessary. Resorbable implants are becoming safer as they have good solidity allowing bone union of fractures and osteotomies before their eliminating.Conclusion Main indications of resorbable implants in pediatrics remain fractures and osteotomies fixed with screws. The development of plates and intramedullary nails will enlarge the indications. Level of evidence: IV.
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Background Percutaneous minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been increasingly implemented to treat thoracolumbar (TL) fracture against a conventional open pedicle screw fixation (OPSF) with desirable radiological and clinical outcomes. Studies in the Indian context are required to determine the efficiency of MIS over OPSF. Objective To compare restoration and maintenance of vertebral body height (VBH) following MIS versus OPSF. Methods A prospective comparative study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Patients (n = 36) aged 18-65 years (males = 23, females = 13) with traumatic TL fractures were identified. Eighteen of them underwent OPSF and other eighteen underwent MIS. The radiological outcomes like anterior and posterior vertebral body height percentage (AVBH % and PVBH %) restoration and maintenance were evaluated. Quantitative variables were analyzed and described using mean ± standard deviation and qualitative variables were presented using frequency and percentage. Student t-test was used to analyse continuous data and Chi-square/Fisher Exact test was used to analyse categorical data. Results The mean age of the patients was 38.8 years. The majority of fractures were seen in the T12-LI segment (52.7 %). The AVBH % restoration and maintenance in OPSF was significantly higher compared to that of MIS at immediate post-operative (IPO) period (p = 0.01), 6 weeks (p = 0.02) and 12 weeks (p = 0.006) post-surgery. Long segment stabilization provided statistically significant AVBH and PVBH values for OPSF compared to MIS (p 0.05). Superficial surgical site infection (SSSI) was seen in both the groups without any statistical significance between them (p > 0.05). Conclusion OPSF is superior over MIS in the restoration of AVBH. Restoration of PVBH was also better with OPSF although not statistically significant. OPSF with longer segment fixation had better restoration of both AVBH and PVBH. The presence or absence of pedicle screw at fractured vertebral level did not seem to have any significance in both the groups. However, the MIS approach can be a reasonable alternative to open surgery with potential advantages like better clinical and functional outcome. A selected population of patients treated with MIS will show better surgical outcomes.
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Introduction Cubitus varus denotes the inward deviation of the supinated forearm on the extended elbow. In cubitus valgus, the forearm is angled away from the body with the arm fully extended. Both deformities manifest clinically as an abnormal carrying angle, along with a cosmetically unsightly appearance, with or without restricted range of motion (ROM). The aim of the study is to evaluate the results of one-stage supracondylar corrective osteotomy and bone fixation using the Ilizarov apparatus in varus and valgus deformities of the elbow joint, using the angulation‑translation principle (osteotomy rule 2); to determine the effect of this method on the humerus-elbow-wrist angle (HEW), ODD and lateral prominence index (LPI). Materials and Methods A total of 12 patients, age ranging from 7–24 years, who presented with cubitus varus of ≥ 10° (n = 9) and cubitus valgus (n = 3) of ≥ 20°, were included in the study. All patients underwent acute correction using a mini-incision, supracondylar osteotomy and fixation with the Ilizarov frame. Results The mean time to union was 14.2 weeks (range, 11–18 weeks). The average duration of follow-up was 24 months. Functional outcome was graded as excellent in 9 cases (75 %), good in 2 (17 %) cases and poor in 1 case (8 %) using the grading system of Oppenheim. For cubitus varus, the mean HEW angle improved significantly, from (–15.5 ± 4.2) pre-operatively to (8.2 ± 1.5) post-operatively. For cubitus valgus, the mean HEW angle was (28.3 ± 5.3) pre-operatively, which improved to (14.1 ± 3.1) post-operatively, which was statistically significant. Complications encountered included superficial pin-tract infection in 1 case, lateral condylar prominence in 1 case and complete radial nerve palsy in 1 case. Discussion Conventional methods of treatment of cubitus varus or valgus include various corrective osteotomies, typically stabilized with internal fixation. Despite being successful, a substantial number of distressing complications have been reported with the use of internal fixation. The mandatory requirement of post-operative immobilization, resulting in stiffness and disuse atrophy, is a deterrent to the use of internal hardware, which can be easily circumvented by the versatility of the Ilizarov apparatus. Conclusion External fixation with the Ilizarov apparatus is a versatile means of correction of cubitus varus and valgus. It precisely achieves the desired carrying angle and cosmetic appearance of the elbow. It facilitates residual adjustments in under/over-corrected scenarios. The stability is indisputable. Early joint mobilization leads to an improved functional outcome.
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Introduction Elevated concentrations of serum calprotectin and lactoferrin were observed to make prediction about microvascular changes in patients with bone fractures.The aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic value of serum calprotectin and lactoferrin in the development of inflammatory response in patients with bone fractures.Material and Methods Seventy patients were included in the study between October 2021 and January 2022; of these, 40 had bone fractures and 30 were healthy participants (control group). Calprotectin and lactoferrin were measured by immunosorbent assay.Results 12 patients (30 %) had open bone fractures while 28 (70 %) had closed bone fractures. The study revealed that levels of serum calprotectin significantly increased in patients with bone fractures as compared to healthy subjects, while lactoferrin exhibited a borderline but not significant increase (P = 0.06). Patients with open bone fractures had higher levels of serum calprotectin compared to those with closed fractures (P = 0.05). The correlation matrix exhibited that there was a strong positive correlation between calprotectin and lactoferrin in patients with bone fractures.Discussion Calprotectin is classified as a potent pro-inflammatory marker that has been noted to be elevated in chronic inflammation such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), atherosclerotic lesions, different types of arthritis, and immunological rejection. The present study may only confirm an increase in calprotectin in patients with bone fractures. Recently published studies indicate the potential new role of calprotectin in bone healing and fracture risk.Conclusion High serum calprotectin and lactoferrin indicate a strong inflammatory status in bone fracture patients, especially in those with open fractures.
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Introduction Supracondylar and intercondylar fractures of the distal femur are often attributed to high energy trauma. Treatment of such severely comminuted fractures is challenging. Poor overlying soft tissue, bone loss in the presence of severe comminution and intercondylar extension makes implant selection difficult. Unilateral knee spanning external fixators and hybrid fixators can lead to knee joint stiffness and the issue of bone loss is difficult to deal with them. Ilizarov ring fixator is reserved for severely comminuted fractures and injuries with poor overlying soft tissues. It can effectively manage the bone loss and facilitates limb length restoration, promotes early weight bearing and mobilization. Aim To study the role of the Ilizarov ring fixator in management of severely comminuted supracondylar and intercondylar fractures of the distal femur. Material and Method A total of 13 (all male patients) consecutive patients with severely comminuted supracondylar and intercondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated from December 2013 to March 2016. There was one case with A3 type, one with C1, five cases with C2 and six cases with C3 type as per AO/ASIF Classification. Gustilo-Anderson classification was used for compound fractures. Four cases of C3 type required limited open reduction. Results All patients completed one-year follow-up. Average fracture union time was 20 weeks. Pin tract infection (n = 7) was a frequent complication. Patients with C3 Type of fracture had more restriction in knee flexion (n = 5). No case had limb length discrepancy more than 2.5 cm. No case of nonunion or premature fixator removal due to infection was noted in the series. Conclusion Ilizarov ring fixator can be considered as one of the reliable treatment options for severely comminuted distal femoral fractures with intra-articular extension.
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Seri-остеотомия как один из методов оперативного лечения вальгусной деформации первого пальца стопы
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Проблема хирургического лечения деформации первого пальца стопы на сегодняшний день не утратила свою актуальность. Цель. Изучение результатов применения малоинвазивной операции SERI-остеотомии при лечении вальгусного отклонения первого пальца стопы. Материалы и методы. В отделении травматологии РКБ № 1за период с декабря 2011 по март 2014 года было прооперировано 34 больных (58 стоп) по поводу Hallux valgus в возрасте от 30 до 55 лет (29 женщин и 5 мужчин). Всем больным была произведена SERI-остеотомия первой плюсневой кости. Из них у 27 больных (42 стопы) с HVA до 40 градусов и IMA менее 20 градусов и у 4 больных (8 стоп) - с HVA более 40 градусов и IMA более 20 градусов. Четырем больным (6 стоп) была произведена косая остеотомия с удлинением первой плюсневой кости и 1 больному (2 стопы) - поперечная остеотомия без удлинения. Результаты. Через 2 мес. клинические признаки сращения костных отломков наблюдались у 24 больных. По результатам рентгенологических исследований сращение было признано удовлетворительным у 13 больных, слабым - у 15 больных. Признаков сращения не наблюдалось у 3 больных. Трое больных выпали из наблюдения. Коррекция была признана удовлетворительной у всех больных. Все больные довольны результатами операции. Отдаленные результаты лечения оценивались по шкале AOFAS. На четвертом месяце наблюдений результаты лечения были признаны отличными у 22 больных (95-97 баллов), хорошими - у 23 больных (80-92 балла), удовлетворительными - у 10 больных (72 балла). Заключение. SERI-остеотомия при коррекции вальгусной деформации первого пальца стопы может быть предложена как одна из малоинвазивных и эффективных методик оперативного лечения и требует более внимательного дальнейшего изучения.
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