Статьи журнала - International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing
Все статьи: 484
Estimation of One-parameter Exponential Family Under Entropy Loss Function Based on Record Values
Статья научная
In this paper, we consider one-parameter exponential family and obtain the minimum variance unbiased estimator , Bayes and empirical Bayes estimators of the unknown parameter based on record values under entropy loss function. The admissibility and inadmissibility of a class of inverse linear estimators are also discussed based on upper records.
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Experimental Study of Airlift Pump Performance with S-Shaped Riser Tube Bend
Статья научная
Airlift pump is a type of deep well pumps. Sometimes, it is used for removing water from mines or pumping slurry of sand and water or other solutions. The performance of airlift pump is affected by two sets of parameters; the geometrical and operational parameters. The geometrical parameters include pipe diameter, pump height, design of air injection system, and entrance geometry of the lifting pipe; while the operational parameters involve submergence ratio, conditions of injected air, and nature of lifted phase. Conventionally, airlift pump with bent riser tube is less efficient than that with vertically straight riser tube. However, in real life situations, the use of local riser tube bend or flexible riser tubes is considerably unavoidable. This work investigates experimentally the effects of local bends of the riser tube on the airlift pump performance. A series of experiments on a model airlift pump with three different riser tube configurations, based on the vertical position of local bends, were carried out. The local bends are in the form of an S-shaped like duct. The results showed that setting local bends of the riser tube near the air injection zone improves the airlift pump performance. However, improvement obtained in airlift pump performance is being negligible and, thus, the position of local bend of riser tube does not contribute to improvements in the performance of airlift pump.
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Exploratory Study on Hyperledger Fabric Framework: Food Supply Chain as a Case Study
Статья научная
The wide use of supply chain management systems in various business sectors encouraged researchers and those who were concerned to explore and employ efficient technologies to improve such systems. The integration of blockchain into supply chains has proved its effectiveness at increasing the customer’s trust level, as well as many other features, such as traceability, immutability, provenance awareness, etc. Moreover, the use of private permissioned blockchain networks, for instance Hyperledger Fabric (HLF), not only leverages the level of confidence, but also increases the speed of transaction execution. In this paper, an exploratory detailed study on Hyperledger Fabric framework is conducted. The study focused on the HLF network design, the consensus algorithms used in HLF, the HLF smart contracts and the transaction flow stages. Moreover, a number of illustrative case studies that used HLF into their networks designed for food supply chain management systems have been introduced. The basic design components in each of the applications are reviewed as well as the main goals and desired outcomes.
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Extraction of facial features for detection of human emotions under noisy condition
Статья научная
Affirmation of human faces out of still pictures or picture progressions is an as of now making research field. There are an extensive variety of engagements for structures adjusting to the issue of face limitation and affirmation e.g. exhibit based video coding, face conspicuous confirmation for security structures, look area, and human-PC connection. The acknowledgment and region of the face, and furthermore the extraction of facial features from the photos, are fundamental. In view of assortments in illumination, establishment, visual point and outward appearances, the issue becomes complicated. This paper presents a novel method to extract human facial features for the detection of human emotions (such as “sad”, “happy”, “sorrow” etc.) under noisy conditions. This whole work constitutes better working of a video surveillance system. For detection and extraction of facial features simple formulae are used to represent skin color models depending on the range of HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) values used for the detection of human skin. Here HSV color model is used because it is fast as well as compatible with human color perception. Additionally, implementation of Probability Neural Network (PNN) enhances the working of the surveillance system. Utilization of PNN expands the ability of surveillance framework as it can give the yield image regardless of whether the information image contains noise in it. The proposed algorithm for the entire task is developed using MATLAB software along with suitable Image Processing Toolbox (IPT).
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Статья научная
As of late, Automatic speech recognition has advanced on account of instruments, for example, natural language processing, and deep learning, among others. It is a framework or put in another way, a gadget that changes a raw signal into computer comprehensible text. The genuine creation of speech is comprised of changes in air pressure that outcomes in pressure wave that our ear and cerebrum comprehend. The vocal tract is utilized to deliver a human speech, which is adjusted by teeth, tongue, and lips. Speech recognition alludes to a machine's ability to perceive human speech and transform it into a computer comprehensible text. Speech recognition is a magnificent illustration of good interaction between humans and computers. In this paper, we introduce the process to extricate the feature from the signal utilizing Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients are a genuinely far wide and proficient methodology for feature extraction from a sound file. This technique improved the speech recognition process and removes the distortion in the voice. In this manuscript we applied the Mel-frequency filtration process to improve speech and remove the background noise. the Therefore, the proposed methodology gives better performance in the automated speech recognition system.
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Fabrication of a Porous Ceramic Material Suitable for Cost-effective Thermal Insulation of Buildings
Статья научная
The domestication of cost-effective, green, and sustainable building materials is significant towards its massive adoption in the developing countries. The feasibility of developing porous ceramics for cost-effective thermal insulation of buildings was explored in this study using waste materials including granite shifting and sawdust as well as chemical reagents including water glass and sodium hydroxide. Granite shifting and sawdust were dried, processed into powdered form, milled and sieved. Samples of porous ceramics were formulated using varying percentages by weight of granite shifting and sawdust mixed with a constant percentage by weight of water glass and sodium hydroxide in three different cases. The homogenized powder of the formulated composition was uniaxially pressed at 10Mpa. The samples were dried and then sintered in a gas kiln at 8500C for 3 hours. The result revealed water absorption (21.1−56.5%), compressive strength (1.2−7.9Mpa), bulk density (1.44−1.81g/cm3), apparent porosity (38.1−81.3%), and thermal conductivity (0.13−0.54W/m.K). These results indicated that the obtained porous ceramics is a potential material for cost-effective thermal insulation of buildings where a suitable combination of thermal conductivity, porosity, and mechanical strength is required.
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Статья научная
The key of fast identification algorithm of time-varying modal parameter based on subspace tracking is to find efficient and fast subspace-tracking algorithm. This paper presents a new version of NIC(Novel Information Criterion) using two-layer linear neural network learning for subspace tracking. Comparing with the original algorithm, there is no need to set a key control parameter in advance. Simulation experiments show that new algorithm has a faster convergence in the initial period.
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Статья научная
As a result of the harmful effects of GHG on the environment, and the increase in fossil fuel prices, the world is currently searching for sustainable alternative energy sources instead of fossil fuels. Bangladesh is a country that has an ambitious aim to rely on sustainable energy. This study discusses the viability of a 100MW PV power project in Rajshahi, Bangladesh by using RETScreen software. This includes benchmarking, emissions analysis, and financial analysis. The power generation cost of the proposed PV power plant is 0.09 $/kWh based on the benchmark assessment and the annual power provided to the national power grid is determined to be 140,155MWh. According to the emission analysis, overall perspective emissions to the surroundings will be decreased by 78,797.7 tCO2 annually. The NPV and cumulative cash flow demonstrate good results based on the financial analysis. The outcome is, the proposed project is both financially and technically feasible, as well as environmentally beneficial, and will assist the government in meeting the aim of developing clean and sustainable energy.
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Fire and Motion Early Warning Device: Its Design and Development
Статья научная
Cases of theft and robbery of computers, CCTV equipment, and LCD projector have become more frequent in schools. In addition, fire hazards are great threat to educational institutions where expensive learning materials are kept. Such incidents could be lessened and avoided if schools are equipped with appropriate security systems capable of monitoring and informing people about the coming possible danger. Thus, the development of Fire and Motion Early Warning Device (FMEWD) is timely and relevant. FMEWD consists of a website and interconnected devices and sensors intended to provide an efficient and effective warning system for preventing incidents relating to fire, smoke, and intrusion within an office. Upon detection, the system automatically sends an email and SMS to registered users. This study used the Agile Development Model which allows features to be delivered quickly and more frequently with higher levels of predictability. Evidently, the integration of different technologies conceptualized by the researcher addresses the pressing security concerns faced by educational institutions like NEUST.
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Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams with High Performance Fibers
Статья научная
High-performance concrete is a specialized series of concrete designed to provide superior mechanical and physical properties that cannot be achieved through the conventional design. Using high-performance concrete in the construction field can reduce the dead weight, provide a longer span, and increase the service life. In this paper, a full experimental program is conducted to study the effect of glass and carbon fibers on the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams. A total of 15 RC beam specimens are prepared and divided into four main groups according to their added fiber materials, which are (S- Steel fiber), and E (E- Glass fiber), carbon fiber, and S-Glass with carbon fiber. All the reinforced fibers are used at 1.5% of the cement weight. The beams are reinforced using the fiber materials at the hinging zone then tested under concentrated static load placed at the mid-span. The results show that using high-performance fibers can improve the ultimate load capacity, ductility, and absorption energy of the RC beams.
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Four-dimensional Vector Matrix Determinant and Inverse
Статья научная
The theory of two-dimensional matrix has been popularized in multi-dimensional matrix. However applications of multi-dimensional matrix also bring space redundancy and time redundancy, we put forward a multi-dimensional vector matrix model. This is new series of study to define multidimensional vector matrix mathematics, including four-dimensional vector matrix determinant, four-dimensional vector matrix inverse and related properties. There is innovative concept of multi-dimensional vector matrix mathematics created by author with numerous applications in engineering, math, video conferencing, 3D TV, and other fields.
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Fully Automated Hydroponics System for Smart Farming
Статья научная
This project is focused on developing a Fully Automatic Hydroponics system which helps in monitoring and controlling temperature, Humidity, pH and EC in Hydroponics. Hydroponics is a method of growing crops without soil. Plants are grown in rows or on trellises, just like in a traditional garden, but they have their roots in water rather than in dirt. Although, there are different ways in which hydroponics can be implemented, there is no individual system which can measure and control pH and EC level of nutrient solution along with its surrounding temperature and humidity automatically. We use PIC16F877A microcontroller and four pumps, three of which are used to pump water, nutrient solution, pH solution and the fourth pump is used to control the humidity. A fan is used to control the temperature which increases its speed as the temperature increases. The pumps are turned on depending on the EC and pH values obtained from the electrodes. A passive LCD display is used to display variations in the values. Different Analysis like water usage, plant growth in comparison with regular farming method and hydroponics is successfully completed which results in hydroponics system is significant method in comparison with soiled cultivation method in terms of yield and water usage. This project is expected to produce high yield crops by taking minimal space, makes work easier for farmers in growing of plants, and also consumes less amount of water when compared to traditional method resulting in conservation of water.
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Fuzzy Based Enhanced Smart Rest Room Automated Faucet System
Статья научная
Existing smart rest room automated faucet systems operate on traditional control theory, with absolute control value, irrespective of its degree of accuracy. For example, a hands-free hand wash basin may be programmed to release water when an object is about 2cm close to the infrared sensor. This absolute control value has pitfalls such as, ascertaining the quantity of water required for each operation, without activating the water flow switch to release water at maximum rate, leading to wastage of water resources. In order to develop an efficient and accurate smart rest room automated faucet system that will release water at an approximate quantity as required for varying condition, this research paper delves into employing a data-centric model for understanding and designing a smart rest room automated faucet system, that is more accurate in operation and properly utilizes water resources. To achieve this goal, we first designed a fuzzy model using MATLAB, for the proposed smart rest room automated faucet system, and then implemented the model on embedded atmel328 microcontroller, interfaced with an infrared obstacle sensor and an electronic flow control switch to automate rest room faucet activities. In order to understand and improve its operation, data logged from the system infrared sensor for 3cm distance, was mined for proper understanding of the system operational accuracy. During which the result indicated proper water utilization at various rate of water dispensation, as a function the nearness of the object to the sensor. This supports the improvement promised by the proposed system, when adopted in existing smart rest room automated faucet systems design and re-design.
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Gas Leakage Detector and Monitoring System
Статья научная
Leakage of gas is a major issue in the industrial sector, residential buildings, and gas-powered vehicles, one of the preventive methods to stop accidents associated with gas leakage is to install gas leakage detection devices. The focus of this work is to propose a device that can detect gas leakage and alert the owners to avert problems due to gas leakages. The system is based on a microcontroller that employs a gas sensor as well as a GSM module, an LCD display, and a buzzer. The system was designed for gas leakage monitoring and alerts with SMS via an Arduino microcontroller with a buzzer and an MQ2 gas sensor. The circuit contains a Microcontroller MQ2 gas sensor, buzzer, LCD display, and GSM module, when the sensor detects gas leakage it transmit the information to the Microcontroller while the microcontroller makes a decision and then forwarded a warning message to the user as SMS to a mobile phone for decision to be taken accordingly. The output of this research will be significant in averting problems associated with gas leakages now and in future.
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Generation of Images from Text Using AI
Статья научная
Reading the words can be confusing, and it may be hard to picture what is happening. There are some circumstances where words can be misunderstood. It's much simpler to recognize text if it's displayed as an image. The use of visuals is proven to increase viewership and retention. Synthesizing realistic images automatically is a challenging undertaking, and even the most advanced artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithm has trouble meeting this standard. GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks) are just one example of a powerful neural network architecture that has shown promising results in recent years. Existing text-to-image methods can generate examples that generally reflect the meaning of the provided descriptions, but they often lack the necessary details and colorful object elements. The primary objective of our research was to explore diverse architectural methodologies with the intention of facilitating the generation of visual representations from textual descriptions. By delving into this investigation, we aimed to discover and examine various approaches that could effectively support the creation of visuals that accurately depict the content and context provided within written narratives. Our aim was to unlock new possibilities in the realm of visual storytelling by establishing a strong connection between language and imagery through innovative architectural techniques.
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Government Expenditures, Transfer Payments and Economic Growth
Статья научная
Incorporating a two-level government structure into an endogenous growth model, we distinguished between productive and non-productive government expenditures. With transfer payments considered, we showed that (1) there was an “Inverted U-shaped” relationship between the tax rate and the long-run economic growth, so was the relationship between the degree of fiscal decentralization and the long-run economic growth; (2) optimal ratios between productive and non-productive expenditures of two levels of governments, between transfer payments and other parts of expenditures of the state-level governments are needed to maximize the long-run economic growth.
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Статья научная
The basic difference between a sustainable aesthetically positive urban environment and an aesthetically negative one is in the way its component installations are rendered. The aesthetic positivity (AP) or aesthetic negativity (AN) of the whole is dependent on the aesthetics of the little parts that constitute it. Although may be functional, many electrical installations in Nigeria still lack considerable aesthetics mostly due to lack or laxity in the knowledge or practical application of basic design theories and principles. This study therefore examined how the application of design principles and theories used in graphic design can apply in electrical and design installations as a way of fostering a more aesthetic, yet functional and sustainable environments in developing West African countries using aesthetics as a key driver. Adopting a descriptive approach supported with direct observation, with a sample size of 320, respondents were purposively sampled in selected cities in Nigeria. The study showed a significant relationship between the application of graphic design theories and improved environmental aesthetics through the rendering of attractive-functional electrical/design installations. It also revealed that improved aesthetics of electrical/design installations limits negative interference which improves sustainability/safety in the built environment, hence serving as an abatement tool or technology for the alleviation of AN. This study therefore established the significance of the application of design theories and principles in achieving a more aesthetic, functional and sustainable environment, from the professionals’/ practitioners’ perspective.
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Green Functions for Sub-Laplacian on Half Spaces of the Heisenberg Group
Статья научная
Green functions for sub-Laplacian on the domains in the Heisenberg group are derived, which can be used to solve partial differential equations subject to specific initial conditions or boundary conditions. Then the integral formulas for sub-Laplace equation on characteristic and non-characteristic half spaces are given, respectively.
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Guiding Aid for Visually Impaired
Статья научная
Visual impairment is where the person either can’t see or his vision has weakened to large extent. There is no alternative technique for visually impairment, but to some extent it can be trim down with devices, smart sticks and sensors. Although many techniques are there for helping out through electronic travelling aid, cost effective and minimum hardware solution was the expectation by impaired. The device which can identify and classify the object ahead of impaired person is needed so that person can be prevented from the accident. In this paper, a unified model of YOLO (You Only Look Once) is used for detection of object ahead of camera. The proposed model is based on phenomena of detecting small object and good detection speed of yolov3 makes system more robust. Once detected, labeled objects name is converted from text to speech, so that blind person can be alerted from colliding with obstacles. This paper is one step in the direction to help them by exactly classifying, detecting and localizing target object along with providing voice based guideline. The proposed model has proved accuracy in many real time scenes.
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Hand Arm Vibration Alleviation of Motorcycle Handlebar using Particle Damper
Статья научная
Vibration induced in the vehicle affects the performance of the driver or rider because of reduction in comfort & safety level. In case of motorcycle, poor suspensions system & uneven road condition make driving difficult, these also introduces vibration. The vibrations are directly transferred to the body through the seat & handlebar. It has been seen that handlebar vibrations are more serious & creates physical problem to the rider. Particle damping technology is a derivative of impact damping with several advantages. Particle damping is the use of particles moving freely in a cavity to produce a damping effect. In this paper a passive damper using particle damping technique is designed and developed to reduce the hand arm vibrations (HAV). The experiments are planned and conducted using DOE. Optimum configuration of particle damper has been derived through this research work. Experimental tests shows by employing a particle damper the vibration amplitude is minimized significantly.
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