Технология текстиля и одежды, дизайн. Рубрика в журнале - Вестник Алматинского технологического университета
Research of fire resistance of textile materials treated with different flame retardants
Статья научная
Technological solution of the proposed research is based on the use of available raw materials, excludes the use of expensive reagents, high temperatures, pressure, special equipment. The article examines the flame retardant properties of textile materials treated with imported preparations: Nortex-X (cotton fabric), Nortex-KP (nonwoven fabric) and composition of guanidine hydrochloride and sodium phosphoric acid. Research objects: cotton fabric, nonwoven material from waste linen and wool fibers, as well as flame retardants and chemical preparations (NortexX (for cellulose fibers), Nortex-KP (for nonwoven material), guanidine hydrochloride and sodium phosphoric acid). During the research work, several complex research methods were used; combustion resistance of the material was determined in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 50810-95 standard. An scanning focused-beam electron microscope JSM-6490LA (Japan) was used to study the surface morphology of textile fibers. IR spectroscopic analysis was performed using a Spectrum 65 FTIR spectrometer (Perkin&Elmer). As a result of the study it was found that textile materials treated with a composition based on guanidine hydrochloride and sodium phosphoric acid acquire high flame retardant properties. Nonwoven fabric treated with Nortex shows improved flame retardant properties. However, cotton fabric treated with this preparation does not have flame retardant properties.
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Статья научная
The article discusses methods for manufacturing lined weave plush knitwear and ways to reduce the material intensity of knitted fabrics. The purpose of the study is to reduce the material consumption of products while maintaining operational, hygienic and aesthetic properties in the production of knitted fabrics. As a result of experimental work, the technological capabilities of the KН-323D flat knitting machine were studied and new types of lined weave plush knitwear were developed. Comparing the bulk density of plush knitwear with elongated lining broaches with the main base weave, it is clear that the presence of elongated lining broaches in the knitwear structure increases the thickness of the knitwear and reduces the bulk density. The breathability of a lined weave plush jersey is significantly less than that of a basic weave. It has been established that air permeability coefficients can be reduced to 33.1% (46.3-66.9 cm3/cm2∙sec) by adjusting the length of the threads of the lining broaches of plush knitted fabric of lined weave. Regression equations are derived to determine the dependence of bulk density, breaking load (along the length and width) and the air permeability index of knitted fabric on technological factors. Mathematical models were built in Excel using regression equations. The research results make it possible to improve the quality and consumer properties of knitted products, and to select advanced production technologies for their production.
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Research on the preferences of maternity clothing shoppers
Статья научная
The article presents the results of a marketing study conducted to determine the preferences of buyers of clothes for expectant mothers. According to the survey results, we see the need to increase the range of comfortable, beautiful and mobile clothes for pregnant women. With the increase in the number of children, the need for clothes for women expecting a child increases every year. Naturally, expectant young mothers have a question about How to choose the right clothes during pregnancy. Women always want and strive to look stylish, appropriate and beautiful. During pregnancy, it is sometimes difficult to choose the right and beautiful clothes. So, pregnancy is a time when it is necessary to monitor the state of health for the benefit of the unborn child. Of course, during this period it is very difficult to choose clothes that will look stylish and will not harm the child's health. Maternity clothes should take into account the changed state of the body, mood, as at this time the appearance changes. To do this, in this research paper, we conducted a survey among pregnant women about which style and silhouette of clothes would be more comfortable. The results presented in our work help in the design and modeling of pregnant women's clothing.
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Safety research of textile materials with flame retardant properties
Статья научная
This article discusses the findings of a study that explored the use of new compositions containing tetraethoxysilane, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and hexamethylenediamine to improve the flame retardancy of cellulose fiber materials. The impact of different components and temperatures on the fire-resistant properties of the fabric was examined. In an untreated sample measuring 17*22 cm, ignition occurred in 15 seconds and the fabric burned completely within 60 seconds, whereas a treated sample showed signs of retardation. Increasing the concentration of flame retardant impregnation at a temperature of 150 degrees had minimal effects on the material's strength, air permeability, and appearance. With the help of electron scanning device it was found that on the surface of the fibers of the treated sample morphological changes were observed in the form of film, which in turn contain particles of Si (25.48%), P (17.61%), Na (1.70%). The optimum conditions of fabric processing are determined, the influence of concentration of working solution, impregnation and thermofixation temperature on flame retardant properties of fabrics investigated, also processing can be carried out on standard equipment of finishing enterprises and laboratories. Cotton materials treated with a compound based on tetraethoxysilane, sodium dihydrophosphate and hexamethylenediamine provides adequate fire resistance.
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Silvering and coppering of chemically inert textile materials by means of wet-chemical process
Статья научная
The development of the wet-chemical silvering and coppering method on inert fiber surfaces and a number of usable materials (silver, copper and others) allows fabrication of several textile structures with functional characteristics. In order to analyse the silver and copper coating characteristics such as structure, homogeneity and crack formation, the surface morphology (SM) was investigated using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical structuring of the surfaces (amount of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, silicium, copper and silver) is analysed with an energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Phase formation and crystalline properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with a Cu-Kα radiation reflection geometry source. Furthermore, textile-chemical analyses for the wash fastness were carried out as well.
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Статья научная
The article considered the effective issues of preparing a set of quality of special clothes for express delivery courier service, strengthening corporate culture and promoting the brand. The special uniform of the employees ensures the reputation and reliability of the service companies, which increases the professional image of the service. A special uniform, made of textured materials mixed with corporate colors, allows customers to immediately identify the field of service, increases its recognition in this field and the loyalty of its work. In the preparation of express delivery courier clothing sets, mixed textured materials were selected and the wear resistance, non-cracking and friction resistance properties of the various materials package met the specified index requirements, the state technical regulatory committee analyzed the standard indicators in the test samples. The multi-functional express delivery courier clothing set prepared according to the requirements of modern fashion has the importance of creating a new composition of the suit in new constructive and artistic solutions for each season, making the transformation of the courier clothing according to the function impossible. On the basis of the above-mentioned factors, courier clothing is transformed according to the service. A set of clothes prepared with reflective elements ensures the safety of the courier (front waist, back waist, sleeves, trouser seams). Courier's special work clothes made from a package of mixed textured materials, express delivery set is easy to service and meets operational requirements, its shape allows comfortable operation in any weather without hindering movement and extends the service life.
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Study of the use of neural network in combination with graphical programs in light industry
Статья научная
Technology, currently at the peak of its development, provides an opportunity to increase the level of education of modern man. As a consequence, the development of new clothing models using neural networks is also becoming a more efficient way to optimize design processes. By applying neural networks, results can be achieved quickly and easily. Artificial intelligence empowers and optimizes work in the fashion industry: it recognizes clothes from photos, accesses virtual fitting sessions, and, without much effort, easily selects the perfect size. The program will automatically design the pattern and technically reproduce patterns by size, height and fullness. Artificial intelligence will require less creative work from the author, and the designers themselves will be able to spend more time on their creativity. The research paper utilizes Microsoft Bing to facilitate the creation of new designs for clothing patterns. It is an artificial intelligence that can be used to create images, solve problems and get new ideas. With the help of this program it is planned to create an experimental series of Kyrgyz national costumes, the details of which will be designed in the graphic program of Grafic 12 clothing designer.
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Study on the strength of needle-punched nonwoven material made on the basis of sole trader "Miras"
Статья научная
Coarse sheep wool and wastes from the production of woolen yarns are currently considered to be a special waste that requires large disposal costs due to low market demand. For this reason, wool has serious consequences for the environment. However, this type of raw material is considered a promising insulating natural fiber due to its thermal and acoustic properties. Moreover, wool meets the requirements of environmentally friendly materials that are used for yurts, insulation of buildings, and acoustic insulation for the automotive industry. Nevertheless, the sustainability and energy efficiency of insulation materials are currently evaluated comprehensively. In this context, the correctness of the composition of nonwoven fabric, its thickness and strength characteristics, as well as the number of layers play an important role. The purpose of this work is to study the relationship between strength characteristics and thickness, as well as the number of layers in nonwovens made of 100 % wool mixed with coarse and fine fibers, and to determine the most optimal variant of insulating nonwovens. 4 samples of one, two, three and four-layered materials were used in the study. The tested samples of insulating materials were evaluated according to the parameters of breaking load, strength and elongation. The results of the research showed that with an increase in the number of layers of material, there is an increase in the tested two indicators: breaking load and strength. The elongation rates were uneven. Consequently, by examining all three parameters, it was found that the best option is a three-layered nonwoven material.
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Studying the quality indicators of acrylic paints with suede effect decorated in youth clothing
Статья научная
The article provides a comparative analysis of the types of national patterns in the formation and decoration of modern youth clothing. In the preparation of modern youth clothing, the structure and use of “tórt qulaq,” “qus qanaty,” and “óńirjıek” ornaments among the national ornaments of the Kazakh people were substantiated. According to the analysis results, the study used the methods of artistic decoration of national elements with volumetric acrylic paints, decorating with an artistic painting of ornaments of a collection of modern youth clothing formed. We studied the influence of dyeing textile materials of mixed composition with acrylic paints and the quality indicators of test samples decoratively decorated with acrylic paints on textile materials. When decoratively finishing brushed “poker with fleece” fabric with “Decola” acrylic paint, applying the paint to the test sample created difficulties. As a result, we discovered that the paint did not lie smoothly on the fabric’s surface. Test samples of the “milana” suit fabric and raincoat material using “Pebeo acrylic paint with suede effect” acquired a 3D volume. We studied the color fastness of washing test samples, and high-quality indicators of color fastness with artistic ornamental finishing in 3D volumes were obtained for the material “raincoat” and the suiting fabric “milana.” When studying the performance of test samples in terms of hygroscopic properties, the raincoat material had a higher waterproof rating, and the “milana” suit fabric had a lower waterproof rating. As a result of the hygroscopic properties of materials, in the manufacture of a collection of youth clothing, “milana” suit fabric was used, and the decorative detail of the “back yoke” was made of raincoat material with a high waterproof rating. As a result of the study, the ornaments will be decorated with artistic painting with “Pebeo acrylic paint suede effect” with 3D volume and made of “rain-coat” material and suiting fabric “milana” to create a collection of modern youth clothing. The artistic and decorative design of the clothing collection with 3D volumetric ornaments was formed, and modern clothing models that meet the tastes of youth, fashion trends, and market requirements were developed.
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Studying various methods for determining residual lignin in bast fibers
Статья научная
This paper investigates and compares various methods for determining residual lignin in industrial hemp. Lignin is a complex polymer that is one of the main components of plant cell walls, which gives rigidity and strength to the plant structure. For industrial hemp, which is used in the industry for the production of paper, fabrics and other products, it is important to control the residual lignin content, since its excess can affect the quality of the final product and processing processes. When determining residual lignin, the influence of various factors such as time, bath module and temperature is assessed, and a regression equation is determined. The study experimentally compares several methods for determining residual lignin using acid and alkali to remove primary lignin, including 72% sulfuric acid and 2% hydrochloric acid. The obtained data are presented in a tabular state, analyzed, graphs are made for full and single-factor regression. The main objective of this work is to identify the most accurate, reliable and effective method for determining residual lignin in industrial hemp, which can be used in industry for quality control and optimization of production processes. The results of the study can be useful for enterprises engaged in hemp processing, as well as for scientific laboratories studying the properties of industrial plants.
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The ethnofuturism of Kazakhstan’s clothing brand “Global Nomads” in the Fashion Design
Статья научная
The relevance of the study on ethnofuturism in Kazakhstan's fashion design lies in the theoretical and methodological justification for integrating the identity of national cultural values with the sustainable development of the authenticity of the nomadic style. The research aims to analyze the formation of ethnofuturism trends in clothing design using the example of the Kazakhstan brand Global Nomads. The scientific significance of the study is in determining its contribution to the integration of cultural heritage into contemporary fashion and the creation of innovative and competitive products in the global market. The practical significance of the research allows for identifying the effectiveness of the brand in preserving and adapting traditional elements of nomadic culture and symbolism within the context of global fashion trends, as well as its influence on the perception of Kazakh national identity and the cultural heritage of Central Asia. The research methodology encompasses fields of art studies, cultural studies, history, ethnography, fashion, design, clothing technology, sustainable development, and sociology. Key positions and conclusions were established regarding the ethnofuturistic approach to the design of the Global Nomads clothing brand, innovations in interpreting national traditions, the social and cultural significance of clothing, its influence on global fashion, and the economic aspect. The results of the study involve an analysis of the brand's tools that allow for adapting historical and cultural codes to create relevant and commercially successful clothing; opening new horizons in understanding the process of modernization and preservation of cultural heritage through fashion, which aids in creating competitive advantages and strengthening market positions. The value of the conducted research includes the analysis of ethnofuturism trends, with recommendations for utilizing sustainable technologies, fostering cultural dialogue, and enhancing the brand's social responsibility.
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The production and research of nonwoven fabric from agricultural waste
Статья научная
Currently, pollution due to textile materials is a crisis that threatens the whole world. Due to concern for the environment, our society has faced challenges when it comes to finding eco-friendly substitutes for textile fibers and leather materials. This can be achieved using renewable or recycled polymers or materials that are either readily biodegradable or easily recycled at the end of a product's life. Thus, the material is made from biodegradable natural resources, which is widely available, is economical and environmentally friendly. The article shows studies on the development of bio-based skin from fruit waste, the difference in the appearance of visual characteristics from banana peel, kiwi and apple residue, and depending on the basis for the cotton gauze material. Also, the article consists of the result of testing this material on a device for measuring tensile strength. The value of the study and the practical significance of this work lies in the possibility of further use of biologically based leather as a substitute for natural or artificial leather.
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Theoretical foundations of the production of women’s classical-style garments
Статья научная
The study investigates the theoretical and practical foundations of classical women’s fashion design and production, positioning it within the framework of sustainability and modern technological innovation. In an era dominated by fast fashion and rapidly shifting trends, the classical style remains a symbol of stability, cultural continuity, and refined taste. However, the absence of a systematic, science-based approach to its creation has led to inconsistencies in design and quality. The research develops a Three-Dimensional Theoretical Model that unites historical-canonical, aesthetic-functional, and technological-technical dimensions into a coherent methodological system. Through historical-typological, stylistic, and comparative analyses, the study explores the practices of leading international brands—Max Mara, Dior, Chanel, and Zara—between 2021 and 2025. Empirical data derived from corporate sustainability reports, design archives, and industry databases reveal how classical aesthetics align with technological precision and sustainability principles. The findings demonstrate that the preservation of the classical canon depends on the integration of three key factors: historical continuity, aesthetic harmony, and technological advancement. Luxury brands such as Max Mara, Dior, and Chanel exemplify this balance, achieving longevity and quality through craftsmanship and innovation, while Zara represents an adaptive “mass classicism” model suited to the fast-fashion segment. The proposed model provides a structured foundation for contemporary fashion design theory and offers practical applications for sustainable, high-quality garment production. It reaffirms the classical style’s relevance as a timeless, ethical, and technologically adaptive system in modern fashion.
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UV protective finish for cotton-polyester fabrics
Статья научная
The article presents data on the study of textile materials with protective properties against ultraviolet radiation (UV). The study is devoted to the development of new methods for improving the protective properties of textile materials based on mixed cotton/polyester and polyester fibers. Sodium hypophosphite and titanium dioxide were used as functional additives. It has been shown that the treatment of materials with these reagents leads to a significant reduction in the transmission of ultraviolet radiation. The mechanism of action of reagents is related to their ability to absorb and scatter UV radiation. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of these reagents on textile materials are presented, and a method for their application is developed. The study demonstrates the high efficiency of these materials in reducing the impact of UV rays, which allows us to consider them as promising for use in the textile industry, including for protection against solar radiation. Tests were carried out for the physical and mechanical properties of textile materials to confirm the compliance of products with the established safety standards and quality indicators.
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Статья научная
В данной статье всесторонне анализируется актуальность детской одежды и факторы, определяющие её востребованность в современных социально-экономических условиях. Рассматриваются основные требования к детской одежде, включая гигиенические, эргономические, эстетические, психологические и экологические аспекты, а также особенности их практической реализации в процессе проектирования и производства. Особое внимание уделено влиянию конструкции, цветового решения и текстильных материалов на здоровье и психоэмоциональное состояние ребёнка. Подчеркивается необходимость учёта возрастных и физиологических особенностей детского организма, а также важность применения безопасных, экологически чистых и сертифицированных тканей. В работе проведён анализ современного состояния рынка детской одежды в Узбекистане, выявлены ключевые проблемы, связанные с преобладанием импортной продукции, недостаточным уровнем локального производства и ограниченным использованием инновационных технологий. Предложены направления развития отрасли, основанные на внедрении трансформационных элементов в конструкции изделий, что позволяет увеличить срок эксплуатации одежды, повысить её функциональность и экономическую эффективность. Отмечена роль устойчивого дизайна и цифровых технологий в создании адаптивной и экологичной детской одежды. Полученные результаты представляют практическую ценность для дизайнеров, производителей и исследователей в области текстильной и лёгкой промышленности.
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Анализ инновационных разработок в области вспененных материалов
Статья научная
В данной статье проведен анализ инновационных разработок в области водолазных костюмов с высокой теплопроводностью. Приведены примеры разработок спортсмена и ученого Джека О’нилл, также инновационные разработки американских химиков под руководством Якопо Буонджорно из Массачусетского технологического института. Во время проведения анализа было выявлено много интересных современных разработок для повышения теплоустойчивости костюма. Разработчики совместно с химиками на основе исследований внедряют мелкие химические элементы в поры непреновой ткани, таким образом достигают необходимой термоустойчивости, гибкости и прочности. Во время проведения анализа были изучены не только неопреновые гидрокостюмы, но и новейшие разработки в области эко-костюмов. Данный вспененный материал производится из известняка, так как этот материал природного происхождения, что позволяет этим гидрокостюмам уменьшать отрицательное воздействие на окружающую среду.
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Анализ исследования пакетов материалов для форменной одежды военнослужащих
Статья научная
В статье представлен анализ результатов проведенного исследования физико-механических свойств пакетов материалов различного состава для форменной одежды солдат. Актуальность статьи в следующем: в настоящее время одной из актуальных проблем является несоответствие форменной одежды требованиям потребителей, недостаточность отечественной, качественной, доступной формы одежды для военнослужащих, отсутствие исследований в Казахстане по производству теплоизоляционных, в том числе нетканых материалов. Производство нетканых материалов занимает особое место среди отраслей текстильной промышленности, так как специфические свойства этих материалов позволяют не только широко их использовать в качестве заменителей тканей, трикотажа, но и создавать полотна с принципиально новыми свойствами. Ввиду этого нетканые материалы из отечественного сырья были представлены как теплоизоляционные материалы при обработке изделий для солдат. Целью статьи является изучение свойств пакета материалов для проектирования форменной одежды для военнослужащих. Особенностью предложенной технологии при разработке форменной одежды является использование в пакете материалов, в качестве утепляющего слоя нетканый материал из отечественной шерсти в различных сочетаниях. Экспериментальные исследования свойств нетканых утепляющих материалов проводились с использованием стандартных методов в лабораторных условиях.
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Анализ эластичных полимерных материалов применительно к купальникам для художественной гимнастики
Статья научная
В данной статье проводится всесторонний анализ требований к купальникам для художественной гимнастики, а также рассматриваются различные материалы, применяемые для их изготовления, с особым акцентом на экспериментальное исследование деформационных свойств трех типов бифлекса. Изучены их максимальные способности к удлинению, что имеет ключевое значение для обеспечения комфорта и функциональности спортивной одежды. Подробно описаны методики испытаний, использованные для оценки этих характеристик, и обсуждаются потенциальные применения полученных результатов в дизайне и производстве спортивной одежды. Проведенные исследования позволили сформулировать рекомендации по выбору наиболее подходящих материалов для купальников для художественной гимнастики, учитывая их функциональные и эстетические требования. Особое внимание уделяется таким аспектам, как воздухопроницаемость, эластичность и устойчивость окраски материалов, что обеспечивает долговечность и комфорт при использовании. Результаты исследования демонстрируют, что правильный выбор материалов и технологий их обработки позволяет значительно улучшить качество и эксплуатационные характеристики спортивной одежды, что особенно важно для профессиональных спортсменов. Таким образом, статья представляет ценные рекомендации и выводы, которые могут быть полезны для дизайнеров и производителей спортивной одежды, стремящихся создать продукцию высокого качества, соответствующую современным стандартам и требованиям.
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Ауа кеістігіндегі парашютшілерді озалыс негізінде згеретін антропометриялы нктелерін зерттеу
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Ауа кеңістігінде парашютпен секіруге арналған костюмді жобалау барысында оларға қатысты қауіпті және зиянды факторлардың әсерін, оның ішінде парашютші орналасқан қоршаған ортаның сыртқы факторларын ескеру қажет, парашютшілер орындайтын функционалдық позициялар, қозғалыстар белгіленеді және талданады, сонымен қатар тұтынушылардың қалаулары егжей-тегжейлі зерделенеді. Ауа кеңістігінде парашютпен секіруге арналған костюмді жобалау үрдісі келесі маңызды кезеңдерді қамтиды: эргономикалық талапқа сәйкес киім мен антропометриялық нүктелердің өзара қатынасын, киімнің адам денесін қорғау барысындағы салыстармалы сипаттамалары негізінде материалдар пакетін таңдау, математикалық модель негізінде жобаланған өнімнің дизайнын жасау, құрылымды ұзақ зерттеу үрдісін қысқарту ескеріледі. Жобалау сатысында эргономикалық сәйкестіктің жоғарғы деңгейі бар өнімдерді алуға мүмкіндік береді. Парашютпен секіруге арналған эргономикалық костюмді жобалаудың ұсынылған ақпараттық-логикалық схемасы дизайнның әр кезеңіндегі жұмыс түрін, дәйектілігі мен байланысын анықтауға мүмкіндік береді. Зерттеу барысында парашютшілердің фигураларының өлшемдік белгілерінің динамикалық әсерлерінің өзгеруінің негізгі буындардағы қозғалыстардың бұрыштық биомеханикалық параметрлеріне көпмүшелік тәуелділіктері анықталды. Ауа кеңістігіндегі парашютшілердің қозғалыс негізінде өзгеретін антропометриялық нүктелерін зерттеу жағдайларына сәйкестігін анықтайтын арнайы киім функционалдық-эргономикалық белгілері бойынша анықталынады.
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Аурухана пациенттеріне арналған арнайы киімді дайындау ерекшеліктері
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Мақалада стационар жағдайындағы жайлылық, гигиеналық, тазалық, қауіпсіздік және функционалдылық деңгейлерін арттыруға бағытталған аурухана пациенттеріне арналған инновациялық арнайы киімді дайындау процестері қарастырылған. Арнайы пациенттер киімінің қолданыстағы модельдеріне толық жүйелік талдау жүргізіліп, олардың негізгі кемшіліктері анықталды, яғни қозғалыс шектеулігі, күтім жасау қиындықтары, ауаөткізгіштігінің төмендігі, әртүрлі клиникалық және климаттық жағдайларға төмен бейімделуі, сондай-ақ пациенттер мен медицина мамандары үшін ыңғайсыздық. Зерттеу негізінде модульдік қол жеткізу жүйесі, магниттік қапсырма және адаптивті желдету панелі бар арнайы киімнің жаңа моделі ұсынылды. Жаңа инновациялық арнайы киім жеңіл қолданысты, микроклиматты жеке реттеуді, эргономиканы және жалпы ыңғайлылық деңгейін арттыруды қамтамасыз етеді. Сонымен қатар пациенттер мен медицина саласының мамандарының арасында материалдарды, түстік шешімін, пайдалану ыңғайлылығы, функционалдылығы мен эксплуатацияға төзімділігі бойынша кешенді сауалнама жүргізіліп, нәтижесінде жеңіл, микробтарға қарсы және ауаөткізгіштігі мен гигроскопиялығы жоғары маталарды қолданудың қажеттілігін растайтын талдау нәтижелері ұсынылған. Дайындалған арнайы киім моделі QR-код арқылы сандық сәйкестендіру жүйесімен жабдықталған, бұл пациенттер туралы ақпаратқа жылдам қол жеткізіп, олардың жағдайын қадағалауды қамтамасыз етеді және медицина мамандарының жұмыс тиімділігін арттырады. Зерттеу жұмысының жаңалығы аурухана пациенттеріне арналған арнайы киімді жобалауға медициналық, эргономикалық және технологиялық шешімдерді біріктіретін кешенді көзқарас болып табылады.
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