Статьи журнала - Arctic and North
Все статьи: 972
Who should rule on the Russian Arctic shelf?
Статья научная
In the article analyzes the policy of the government (ministries) of Russia, state-owned and private energy companies, their motives and interests in the exploitation of oil and gas resources on the continental shelf of the Arctic seas. We research the questions: Are the interests of the government and state-owned companies (‛Gazprom’ and ‛Rosneft’) similar, is there a possibility of participation of the private energy companies in the Arctic offshore projects, timing of offshore projects in Russia: Do they the project of the immediate future or the resource base for the future generations.
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Will be the Arctic last redivision of the world theater?
Статья научная
The possibility of military conflict in the Arctic between Russia and NATO countries is illusory, if Russia can maintain its military capabilities at least at current levels. In the more distant future, a party can be a redistribution of the Arctic, China, is experiencing growing demand for natural resources and rapidly increasing military power.
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Статья научная
The article deals with the life of women in the first Russian settlements in the North-East of Russia in the late XVII — early XVII centuries, known from various archaeological sources. The major idea of the article is opposite the prevailing regional historiography tradition. Archaeological findings show that in the Northern Yakutia, the first settlers came there not only with the representatives of the indige-nous peoples of the region, but also with Russian women.
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Women's personalities in the pages of textbooks the history of Russia
Статья научная
In article the review modern (published since 2000) school textbooks of Domestic history about that consideration as a female personnel is presented on their pages is spent.
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Wrangel island as actant in the historical geography of the Russian Arctic through a Mi’kmaw lens
Статья научная
Wrangel Island is the largest island in the Russian Eastern Arctic and is now a protected place with international recognition. One of only five UNESCO world heritage sites in the Arctic, Wrangel Island is uniquely varied in its flora and fauna for an Arctic island. In this reflection piece, I use an Indigenous Mi’Kmaw cosmological approach to envision the much-storied Wrangel Island as a being and an actant in its long history, especially regarding human beings and anthropocenic activity. My approach asserts that, like plants, rocks, mountains, water, and landscapes, Wrangel Island has a unique and remarkable identity, personality, and spirit. For centuries, Wrangel Island has rebuffed human presence and it has been little affected by human activity. Today only scientists visit; no human collectivity has ever gained more than a slippery grip on the island. The tragedy is that, despite the island’s inclinations, the warming of the Russian Arctic may change this.
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Youth entrepreneurship of Republic Sakha (Yakutia): status and perspectives
Статья научная
The small Business Development of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) contributes to the state support measures: improving the regulatory framework, reducing administrative barriers, the real increase in funding. The modernization of the economy, improving the investment climate and development of innovative enterprises, the introduction of new, including energy-saving technologies, reduction of personnel shortages in the business environment will directly depend on the contribution of the younger generation of Yakutia in the economic and social development of the republic, the welfare and living standards.
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Yurak-Samoyeds: Problems of Ethnic Identification
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the poorly studied problem of the origin of the name Yuraki, which the Russians, as well as the Enets and Nganasans, called the group of the Samoed-speaking population that wandered along the northern outskirts of Western Siberia in the 17th — first half of the 20th century. On the basis of published and unpublished archival materials, information from the works of Russian and foreign scientists, as well as dictionaries of the peoples of the North, we attempted to identify the ethnic composition of the Yuraks, the boundaries of their settlement, determine the chronological framework for the emergence and existence of this name and clarify its origin. The research has resulted in a number of reasonable conclusions and assumptions. The name Yuraki appeared in the 17th century, when the tax policy of the tsarist administration in the north of Western Siberia provoked active resistance of certain groups of the nomadic Samoyed population. Russians called the Yoraks / Yuraks nomadic in the deep tundra, who did not pay a permanent tax, tundra and forest Nenets and Enets, as well as a mixed Nenets-Enets group. This name comes from the Nenets word Yor meaning "depth". By the 19th century, the Nenets of the Yenisei province began to be called Yuraks, regardless of the tax system. In the Soviet household documents of the Dolgan-Nenets National District, this name appeared until the middle of the 20th century.
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Zemstvo Tradition as a Particularly Valuable Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Russian North
Статья научная
The article presents the scientific results obtained during the study of the zemstvo self-government tradition in the Russian North. This tradition is considered as a particularly valuable intangible cultural heritage. Its image-symbolical vocabulary (thesaurus) could be used in development of a regional strategy and local projects for the spatial development of the northern macroregion. The idea-concept of “zemstvo” (“mir”) holds a unique position within the conceptual sphere of the Russian North’ geocultural space. It is an ideal, canonical form of religious and sociocultural land management of Pomorye, which appears as reserved island-archipelago covered by web of autonomous, autocratical communities. The natural and cultural landscape of the Northern Russian mir is replete with “conciliar” and “sophian” semantics and symbolics of development, specialness, selfness, freedom, unitotality, triality, rhythmicity, gracefulness, wisdom. The cultural and semiotic mechanisms of the Slavic-Russian development of the lands and waters of the midnight Edge of the World are studied. Sacred geography and geosophy of “verhovskiy” and “nizovskiy” colonization streams of the North and the Arctic regions are revealed. Special attention is paid to the presentation of the experience and practices of preserving and adapting the sacred heritage associated with land management and consecration of territories and water areas of Pomorye (Kenozerskiy National Park, Naryan-Mar and Mezen Diocese, the project “Common Cause. Revival of Wooden Temples of the North”).
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«Arctic – fund» − is the territory of the dialogue
Статья научная
In this article, according to the example with the scientificeducational project ‛Arctic Fund’ was presented the activity of the Research Library of the NArFU in the sphere of creating of a united information space, according to the main spheres, which are reflected the national interests of Russia in the Arctic.
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Аnalisys of technogenic impact on geosystems of the Еuropean Russian North
Статья научная
Methodical approaches for carrying out complex geoecological researches taking into account natural and economic peculiarities of the North are developed. The detailed characteristics of the features of the nature management modern structure and technogenic impact on the research territory are given. Preconditions for regional nature management in its historicalgeographical aspect, the structure and the dynamics of nature management at present, the negative geoecological consequences connected with them are analysed.
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Аrctic tourism: the rating of regions, the оpportunities and threats
Статья научная
Arctic and northern tourism as operational definitions are used in scientific publications more infrequently and irregularly. In practice, the tourism has become an inalienable sector of the economy; it has a multiplying effect for the development of social services, infrastructure and other sectors. The first National Tourist Rating of the 85 subjects of the Russian Federation (2015), the first rating of tourist attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Arctic contributes to the analyzes of the opportunities and threats tu tourism.
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Еcophysiological characteristic of plants communities under the bird rookery of West Spitsbergen
Статья научная
In the Arctic nature carries out its unique experiments, an example of which is the vegetation of bird colonies, where life is determined by the organic matter, which is taken out from the sea birds and is used only under the bird colonies. The absorption of nitrogen in the Arctic is limited by abiotic factors: low temperature and humidity, the slow erosion of rocks, low transpiration and the presence of permafrost. The data on the content of total nitrogen and chlorophyll in plants and lichens in communities located beneath bird colonies in the West Svalbard. The study showed that plant communities of rookeries, where the effect of one of the limiting factors of the Arctic (poor soil horizon) is reduced, give some idea of the "Green Arctic", where the current climate change is guiding it.
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Рositioning of Russia in the Arctic: problem aspects
Статья научная
The issues of the present situation in the Arctic, Arctic challenges and features of the economic development are analyzed. Basis for the development of the Arctic economy model, the need for organizational changes effective management of the Russian Federation Arctic zone are identified.
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Статья научная
Еxamination of the sources (annalistic codes, verbal folklore) not only allows us to determine the reliability of the historical texts, but also helps us to actualize the events of the past. Marfa Boretskaya’s name is well-known by the historians, but as sources indicate, the role in the foundation of the northern monasteries is grossly exaggerated.
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‘Trouble spots’ of the Russian Arctic
Статья научная
The research of ‘trouble spots’ in the Russian Arctic in the sphere of Ecology, Economy, Management, Social life.
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“Blue Economy”: Evolution of the Concept and Prospects for the Russian Arctic
Статья научная
The “blue economy” is a popular concept for the development of marine economic activity, implying social and environmental responsibility of its subjects. Key international actors present their strategies and use the “blue economy” as an area of international cooperation. The Russian Federation, despite its national interests related to both the development of the world ocean and the development of the Russian Arctic, does not have the “blue economy” strategy. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the prospects of the “blue economy” for the Russian Arctic. The article describes the origin and evolution of the concept in the international arena and identifies the features of the conceptualization of terminology in the academic environment. The discrepancy in the interpretations of the “blue economy” in both political and scientific discourse is noted. An analysis of the approach to the “blue economy” in key Russian doctrinal documents showed that they enshrine the key measures for the development of the concept. This thesis was confirmed in the course of studying economic processes in the Russian Arctic. The authors point to the promising nature of conceptualizing the Russian approach to the “blue economy” and its doctrinal consolidation. The results of the study can be used as analytical material, as well as for academic purposes — to create an empirical basis for further scientific work on the selected and related topics.
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Статья научная
The article represents a brief overview of the speeches presented at the “Cold Peace in the Arctic” International Conference (Oslo, Norway, September 2018) attended by experts from Russia, Norway, and other countries. The author believes that many representatives of the scientific community see prospects for mitigating contradictions and strengthening international cooperation in the Arctic.
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Статья научная
The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of open data from international sociological Internet resources (Trompenaars Hampden-Turner Connecting Viewpoints, Hofstede Insights Ltd) in relation to the Arctic countries. As it is known, the models of F. Trompenaars, G. Hofstede are focused on the study of differences in business cultures and the analysis of cross-cultural communication, i.e. the study of the national characteristics of the organizational culture of the countries, their “cultural compass”. The relevance of the proposed topic is dictated by a number of factors: firstly, the Arctic region is an area of geopolitical competition between Russia and predominantly Western countries; secondly, the most important element in the struggle for geopolitical supremacy is “organizational culture” as the most important element of “soft power”; thirdly, it is important to understand how Western sociological models see the relationship (similarities and differences) of cultural factors on the example of key stakeholders in the Arctic region; fourthly, it is important to determine the place that Russia occupies in these ratings; fifthly, Western attempts to constrain Russia in the region determine the need to include in the sample not only data on the members of the Arctic Council (represented, with the exception of Russia, only by NATO countries), but also on Russia’s allies within the BRICS, in particular data on the organizational culture of China, which has long-term interests in the Arctic region. Within this logic, a number of questions arise: what is the “vision” created by Western Internet resources about the organizational culture of different countries, how the data obtained correlate with each other in the light of the current geopolitical situation. Comparing the results of different models and the statistical results obtained on their basis can lead to non-trivial conclusions, in particular about the scientific component of such ratings and their impact on the business image of countries in the world as a whole, and the Arctic region in particular.
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