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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 8087
Holocaust testimony elements in Elie Wiesel's novels
Статья научная
The article considers Elie Wiesel and his autobiography as a major contribution to the Holocaust literature through his testimonies that found reflection in the author’s novels. The trilogy Night and other works created by the author are about a world that seems unreal and insane that often indeed they are read like a nightmare. Wiesel is among the first to demonstrate the atrocities of the Nazi regime as a witness and the writer at the same time as his creative works based on his experience at the death camps. Therefore, the holistic depiction of the author’s life will serve to shape the Holocaust universe.
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Homer of the 20th century Sayakbai Karalaev
Статья научная
This article analyzes the life and creativity of the well-known manastchi (bard) of the Kyrgyz people Sayakbai Karalaev. Sayakbai Karalaev was a bearer of a unique skill which is a great phenomenon for the scholars of all times, being a person who contained hundreds of thousands of lines from the boundless ocean like the Epic of Manas.
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Статья научная
Male reproductive health is increasingly recognized as a sensitive indicator of environmental and population health. The aim of this study was to comprehensively assess hormonal status and sexual function in men of reproductive age living in regions with various types of adverse environmental exposure, with functional interpretation of the findings within the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 216 men aged 25–45 years who were permanent residents of either environmentally favorable regions or areas predominantly affected by pesticide use, heavy metal contamination, or radionuclide exposure. Hormonal assessment included measurements of total testosterone, sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), and luteinizing hormone (LH). Sexual function was evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), with a focus on erectile and orgasmic domains. Within the ICF framework, environmental exposure is considered an adverse environmental factor leading to impairments in endocrine body functions and subsequent limitations in activity and participation, clinically manifested as sexual dysfunction. The findings support the interpretation of sexual dysfunction as an early functional marker of environmentally mediated endocrine disruption and highlight the value of integrating hormonal and functional outcomes in environmental and reproductive health research. Men residing in environmentally unfavorable regions exhibited significantly lower total testosterone levels and elevated SHBG concentrations compared with controls, while LH levels did not differ significantly between groups. These hormonal alterations were accompanied by marked reductions in erectile and orgasmic function scores. The observed combination of decreased androgen bioavailability in the absence of compensatory LH elevation indicates functional hypogonadism rather than primary testicular failure.
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Hormonal regulation of the amount of sugar in the blood converter
Статья научная
Although hormones differ in their place of origin, order of distribution, chemical composition and nature of action, they are united under a very important general biological pattern: they participate in metabolism, morphological differentiation of the organism, growth and development, reproduction and regulation and coordination of its basic functions. The nervous system carries out the connection and influence between different parts of the organism directly through hormones. Hormones are substances of a protein nature or steroids that act in extremely small quantities. Their effect is carried out in 2 ways: through the nervous system and directly through the blood to the organs.
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Horse-breeding of the oasis of Surkhan
Статья научная
Since ancient times in Uzbekistan, special attention has been paid to horse breeding. We can see this in dastans and traditions, where poets and bakhshis sang about mythical horses. And most importantly, the horse was very much appreciated as a companion of a horse. As in other regions of the republic, special attention was paid to the development of horse breeding in the Surkhan oasis. Several breeds of horses were bred in the oasis, they were called ‘adobe’, ‘jiyran’, ‘turik’, ‘buz’ and others by color. Uzbeks mainly bred ‘Karabair’, ‘Lakay’, ‘Turkman’, and sometimes Arab ones. For breeding local breeds of horses ‘Karabair’ were used breeds of Turkmen, Arab and Mongolian horses. By breeding horses such breeds of ‘Karabair’ horses as ‘Uzbek’, ‘Miyenkul’, ‘Urgut’ and others were bred. Also, horses were named for their age. A newborn horse was called a ‘kulun’, up to one year a foal, from a year and a half to two years a strigunok, a two-three year old foal, a third year a gunan, a three-four year old dunan, a male after four years a stallion, a female mare...
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Hot water heating circuit with impulse cavitator
Статья научная
An effective method of multifactorial influence on a liquid is cavitation, which leads to a change in the physicochemical characteristics of the liquid, its activation and heating. One of the devices, the principle of which is based on cavitation, is a cavitation heat generator. At present, the production of these units has been mastered by many manufacturers, and they appear in large numbers on the world market. Among the numerous designs of cavitation heat generators, a worthy place belongs to jet ones, which have the lowest pressure drop, but their efficiency is relatively low (from 20% to 40%) and does not meet modern requirements. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of water heating in a cavitation heat generator based on the use of a pulsed mode of its operation. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were identified in the work: to develop a laboratory sample of a flow-pulse cavitator; to develop a diagram of a laboratory setup and a cavitator design; conduct hydraulic and thermal tests of the cavitator prototype, obtain the results and evaluate their effectiveness. Thus, the successful implementation of the goal of this work may encourage many industrial enterprises and households to abandon traditional heat supply systems and switch to modern sources of thermal energy, namely jet cavitation heat generators with a pulsed cavitator.
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How to learn and control effective hybrid cars
Краткое сообщение
The article deals with the history of hybrid cars, their types, running principle, parts, characters, advantages and negative features. Hybrid cars combine the efficient features of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, and the use of hybrid cars in Azerbaijan, as in other countries, is satisfactory.
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Статья научная
An introductory enterprise letter is meant to make a very good effect with an ability customer. Writing a letter to introduce your business to someone entails shifting the focal point on your correspondent engaging his or her interest, and launching a conversation, as opposed to a lecture.
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Human anthropometric indicators for the preparation of simulation models
Статья научная
Normal human anthropometric parameters are used in the development of medical rehabilitation techniques, in the performance of surgical techniques used for normal human functioning. In order to perform these operations successfully, it is necessary to model normal human physical characteristics and, based on these models, perform the operations correctly. Normal anatomical characteristics have a positive effect on the physiological state of the person. The relevance of the research stimulates the development of the science of valeology and increases the relevance and practical significance of the topic. Prosthetics of organs lost in wars and accidents are also performed on the basis of computer models. The science of digital anthropology is modeling human anthropometrics, and practically important predictions are being made based on this modeling. Digital anthropology is based on the research of modern technology to compile a database of the most diverse anthropological indicators of people. Anthropology occupies a special place in the system of scientific knowledge about the world, because it is a field of science that studies the origin, development and role of humans in nature and society. In modern medicine, mathematical and graphic modeling of human anatomical and anthropological indicators is required in all fields. Anthropometric indicators of humans are taken as the basis in surgery, military science, sports. The structure of shoulders, diaphragm, hips, face, and the age of a human being can also be defined by these anthropometric indicators.
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Hydrodynamics of Absorption Bubbling Apparatus
Статья научная
The article proposes an improved design of the energy-saving, compact absorption bubbling apparatus, which cleans the particles and gas mixtures in the exhaust gases of industrial enterprises, has a high absorption efficiency. As a result of theoretical research, an equation has been proposed that calculates the value of the height of the gas cushion “h”, which provides equal distribution of purified gas to the mixing sections of the apparatus and operation in a stable hydrodynamic mode. As a result, depending on this value, it is possible to calculate the gas velocities and the gas consumption supplied to the apparatus.
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Статья научная
This study was conducted to assess the impacts of hydrological variability and climate change on river discharge within the Kura River basin. The analysis indicates that both annual and seasonal flow regimes have undergone substantial alterations over recent decades, driven by rising air temperatures, uneven spatial - temporal distribution of precipitation, and reductions in snowpack. These changes have intensified the frequency and magnitude of hydrometeorological extremes-particularly floods and droughts - thereby increasing the complexity of forecasting and water-resource planning across the basin. The methodological framework integrates the Mann-Kendall trend test, Sen’s slope estimator, and AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) time-series modelling to detect long-term tendencies and quantify variability in streamflow dynamics. The combined application of these statistical tools enables a robust evaluation of monotonic trends, directional changes, and predictive behavior of discharge under changing climatic conditions. The findings highlight that adaptive water management, enhanced regional monitoring, and ecosystem-based approaches represent essential strategies for improving the sustainability and resilience of water-resource governance in the Kura River basin. Strengthening these measures will contribute to evidence-based decision-making and more effective responses to the growing challenges associated with climate-induced hydrological shifts.
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Статья научная
The paper deals with the issue linked with thyroid malfunctions, in particular, the incidence of hypothyroidism. Iodine deficiency statistics is presented; the study proposes the possible ways of solving the issue. The author draws special attention to a specialized hypothyroidism diet plan which may help patients to treat metabolic disorders.
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IPtables для обеспечения безопасности информационных сетей на базе Linux
Статья научная
В статье рассмотрены основные компоненты информационной безопасности: конфиденциальность, целостность и доступность. Пароли, шифрование, аутентификация и защита от проникновения - это методы, предназначенные для обеспечения конфиденциальности. Целостность означает поддержание данных в исходном состоянии и предотвращение их изменения: случайного или злонамеренного. Под обеспечением доступности информации понимают соответствие сетевых и вычислительных ресурсов ожидаемому объему доступа к данным и реализацию политики резервного копирования для целей аварийного восстановления. Для обеспечения безопасности информационных сетей на базе RedOS наилучшим образом показала себя утилита iptables, используемая для настройки брандмауэра ядра Linux. Несмотря на то, что на первый взгляд реализация IP-маршрутизации в Linux может выглядеть довольно сложной, на практике наиболее распространенные варианты использования (NAT и/или базовый брандмауэр Интернета) значительно проще реализуются. Iptables - это пользовательская утилита, позволяющая работать цепочками/правилами. В статье подробно рассмотрены принципы работы iptables, приведено подробное описание таблиц nat, mangle, filter, raw и цепочек. Таблица nat используется для трансляции сетевых адресов, mangle применяется для искажения пакетов, filter дает возможность выполнять фильтрацию пакетов, raw и ее цепочки используются перед любыми другими таблицами в netfilter. Цепочка input применяется для обработки входящих пакетов и подключений, forward - для проходящих пакетов, output - для исходящих пакетов. Показано, что для обеспечения безопасности функционирования компьютерных классов и всей сетевой инфраструктуры в целом, достаточно только двух таблиц: filter и nat. Другие таблицы предназначены для сложных конфигураций, включающих несколько маршрутизаторов и решений по маршрутизации. Приведены результаты использования iptables на основе опыта администрирования информационных сетей на базе RedOS в федеральном государственном бюджетном образовательном учреждении высшего образования «ПГУТИ».
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ISO 9000 quality standards implementation in the petroleum engineering plants of Baku
Статья научная
We carried out a comparative analysis of ISO 9000, API Ql, and the Russian GOST standards currently applied in domestic engineering plants to the manufacture of the oilfield equipment such as “xmas trees”, string heads, and well enclosing equipment.
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Статья научная
The aim of the study was to examine the species composition of Ixodidae ticks in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, the distribution extensiveness and intensity of individual genera and species. The research material was collected in 2017-2023. During the study, a total of 5865 domestic animals of 7 species were examined for tick infestation. Infestation was detected in 4536 of the examined domestic animals and 10629 ixodid ticks were collected from them. For each tick collection, the collection date, species composition, quantity, and developmental stage were recorded. The number, registration and species of ticks were determined using identification instructions. Genera and species were identified in the Parasitology laboratory of the “Veterinary Medicine” department of the Nakhchivan State University and the Nakhchivan Veterinary Scientific Research Experimental Station. The collected ticks consisted of 15 species belonging to the Ixodidea family, including Dermacentor marginatus Sulzer, 1776 , D.ushakova Fil. et Pan. 1987, D. nuttalli Ol. 1928, D. reticulatus Fabri. 1794, C Can. et Fanz, 1877, Haemaphysalis punctata Can. et Fanz.1877, Haem.sulcata Can et Fanz. 1877, Hyalomma anatolicum Koch, 1844, H. asiatucum P. Sch. Et E.Schl., 1929, H.detritum P. Schul., 1919, H. marginatum Koch, 1844, H. kozlovi Olenev, 1931, H. scupense P. Sch., 1918, Rhipicephalus bursa Can. Et Franz, 1877, Rh. turanicus B. Pom., 1940, Rh. sanguineus Lat., 1806. The most widespread among these species in the territory of the autonomous republic were H. anatolicum - 25.9%, H. asiaticum - 16%, Rh.bursa - 16.8%, D.marginatus - 14.5%. H.detritum, H.marginatum, H.kozlovi, Rh.turanicus, Haem. punctata species having epidemiological and epizootological significance were found in moderate numbers. The total number of these species varied between 2.7 and 6.7%, constituting 23.4% of the total collected material. Other species: H.scupense, Rh.sanguineus, D.reticulatus, D.nuttalli , D.ushakova, Haem.sulcata are very rare and, therefore, lack epidemiological and epizootiological significance. Their numbers range from 0.2% to 0.6%. As a result of the agro-improvement measures implemented, both the extensiveness and intensity of infestation decreased, with an average of 1.8 ticks per examined animal and 2.3 ticks per infested animal.
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Identity in Kyrgyz women's poetry
Статья научная
This paper reflects our experience teaching contemporary American women’s poetry and translating Kyrgyz women’s poetry into English. This paper mainly intends to explore essential questions and issues that lie at the very heart of what it means to be a woman in today’s world - questions such as “What is a woman?”, “What does it mean to write as a woman and to read as a woman?”, “How is the concept of being female described in Kyrgyz poetry?”, “What kinds of challenges, women’s strengths and weaknesses do poets see in themselves?”, “What do women value or believe in?”, “How can poets express themselves through poetry?”. In the attempt to address these questions, we investigate some of the ways that Kyrgyz and American poets handle nature of female poets, women’s experiences in contemporary society, and the effects of prejudices and stereotypes described in women’s poetry. Examples are taken from the works of contemporary American women poets (Maya Angelou and Amy Smith) and from the collection of translations of Kyrgyz women’s poetry into English (“ Girls you... / Kyrgyz Women Poetry ”, translator Kalieva K., editors Simone P. Bures and Daniel Kittle).
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Images and concepts of 'intellect' in scientific and literary texts
Статья научная
This article explores the representation of the concept of 'intellect' in scientific and literary texts, focusing on the diverse ways intellectual qualities are depicted and understood across different genres. The study examines the linguistic and cultural tools employed in both scientific discourses, where 'intellect' is often framed through objectivity and rationality, and literary works, where it is portrayed through metaphor, symbolism, and emotional depth. By analyzing key examples, the paper identifies universal and genre-specific approaches to conceptualizing intellect, highlighting the interplay between cultural values, societal norms, and the evolving perception of intellectual qualities.
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Imaginary verbs in the epic of Manas
Статья научная
Imitation is a word that imitates the sound of an animate or inanimate object and shows the state of their movement. The article talks about illusory imitated words, which represent the third group of imitated words, and how this is done, because imaginary words and imaginary verbs are close to each other in morphological structure in terms of meaning. This article mainly discusses the use of imaginary verbs in the Kyrgyz language. I also inverted to several types that are included in the groups forming imaginary verbs they are as follows: 1. To imaginary verbs ending in -й; 2. To imaginary words ending in sounds -т, - к, - п; 3. Imaginary words consisting of nouns and verb (living) origins; 4. Imaginary words formed from unknown (dead) etymology origins; 5. The roots of the find are imitated words that are related to imaginary words. The article mentioned the widespread use of imaginary verbs in fiction, folk tales, epics. It examined the example of imaginary verbs of the Epic of Manas, explanations to them were written, and it was also emphasized that imaginary verbs consist of different roots and imaginary verbs with imitative roots are formed from them.
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Impact of Environmental Pollution on Fish in the Arats Reservoir
Статья научная
The study was conducted on fish. As a result, it was determined that, depending on the time and type of pollution, similar pathologies, including edema, exudates, and hemorrhages, are observed in various fish species. The reaction to toxicant exposure manifests as various anomalies and pathologies (nephrocalcitosis, and structural anomalies in the gills, fins, internal skeleton, and skull). A decrease in the fish population of the Araz reservoir living in zones of strong technogenic impact, a reduction in spawning potential, or even complete displacement from their habitats was observed. For the first time, methods for the rational management of fish resources have been developed for the region's reservoirs. The organization of fish weight monitoring, assessment of the impact of economic activities on aquatic ecosystems, compilation of an ecological forecast, and development opportunities and prospects for fisheries have been identified.
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Статья научная
COVID-19 guidelines in India significantly influenced case finding, contact tracing, and clinical management. Kerala and Tamil Nadu, two states with strong public health systems, implemented modified strategies that resulted in distinct epidemiological outcomes. This article reviews the impact of updated guidelines nationally and at the state level, highlighting topics valuable for the undergraduate medical education system.
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