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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
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A good knowledge of a language, including English, is impossible without knowledge of its phraseology! Language, as a social phenomenon, is closely connected with the realities and traditions of the people-carrier. The article reveals the approaches to the definition of idioms, substantiates the importance and relevance of introducing idioms in the process of teaching English. It is proved that phraseology is not only a cultural and informative source, but also contains the richest linguistic material, allowing to study various aspects of phonetics, vocabulary and grammar of a foreign language on its basis.
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Modern methods of teaching a foreign language at a non-linguistic university
Статья научная
The new requirements for student's education, which assume that they have relevant professional competencies, including foreign language communicative competence, actualize research attention to different approaches, technologies and conditions aimed at improving the quality of higher education. The article considers some innovative methods of teaching a foreign language at a non-linguistic university. On the basis of the conducted research, the author proves the need for innovative pedagogical technologies that would be effective and contribute to the progressive development of pedagogical science and prepare students for future professional activities.
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Modern pre-school education and innovative activities
Статья научная
Preschool educational institution and innovation is the subject of serious study of modern education. Modern educators of pre-school educational establishments should always be receptive to everything new. Innovations arise when appear to resolve the problem, when it turns out the contradiction between the desire and the actual outcome. The article deals with finding and finding solutions to these problems.
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Modern problems of management enterprises' innovation potential
Статья научная
The principles of modern management orient the management of organizations on rapid decision-making, constant contact with the consumer, granting subordinates autonomy, encouraging their entrepreneurship. It is known that the success of an enterprise depends not only on exceptionally successful market conditions, but, increasingly, on timely and objective evaluation and development of the company's innovative potential. And objective assessment, implementation and development of innovative potential is an integral part of the innovation management of the enterprise. The purpose of this work is to identify and analyze modern problems of managing the innovative potential of the enterprise.
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Modern situation of Hirudo orientalis in Lankaran natural province water basins
Статья научная
The Eastern medical leech ( Hirudo orientalis Utevsky et Trontelj, 2005) belongs to the Hirudinea class to a Euhirudinea subclass to the Gnathobdellidae order, Hirudo genus. H. orientalis is ectoparasitic bloodsucking. Medicinal leeches feed by sucking blood of the vertebrates such as mammals, fish, amphibians, birds and reptiles. They live in the freshwater basins in swamps, rivers and lakes. Materials were collected through the suture-catching nets to breed leeches and carry out investigations in laboratory conditions. The study was carried out in 2018-2020 in the 42 water bodies of the Lankaran natural province. H. orientalis was found in only 16 of them. The weight of the collected leeches was 1.0-2.5 g, and the length was between 4-10 cm.
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Modern technologies application in water bioresources and aquaculture
Статья обзорная
The production and use areas of aquatic plants are investigated in the article. In recent times, the development of fishing and the all-round use of aquatic plants (as food, the purchase of environmentally oil, as fertilizer) is one of the main issues of our day. Macroalgae are the basis of the cultivated sea products. Mainly, brown algae - laminaria, fucus, red algae - Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma are widely used for both food and alginate production. Spirulina algae, a representative of blue-green algae living in freshwater basins is one of the most cultivated and widely used algae. The fact that its composition is rich in proteins and vitamins creates the basis for the widespread use of algae. Algae thallome contains 60% protein, amino acids, oils, mineral salts, and fatty acids, which help to strengthen the immune system and eliminate anemia. In addition, biological substances obtained from algae active substances are easily absorbed by the body, it is one of the important substances for the regeneration of liver cells.
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Modern tendencies of innovation management in various economies sectors
Статья научная
Modern tendencies of innovative development in the field of economic sectors the main directions of scientific and technical progress in the field of formation of international integrated business systems. Increasing the efficiency and quality of international economics is largely determined by the introduction of foreign trade of goods and services. All achievements of scientific and technological progress of the economy require the best organized management application. Analyzing the situation that has developed in the service sector in recent year’s technological progress in all sphere based on professional researches on an innovative way of the management system.
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Modern theatrical processes in the reflection of theatrical studies (1991-2010)
Статья научная
Theatrical criticism occupies one of the important places in art history and in itself is a separate science. All civilized societies, cultural peoples and nations needed not only the expansion of various spheres of science and culture, but there was always a need for the development of theatrical criticism.
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Molecular heterogeneity of classical and Duarte galactosemia
Статья научная
For the first time we have conducted molecular-genetic analysis of GALT gene of galactosemia inherited disease in the newborn blood which found at the result of screening conducted maternity houses of Baku city of Azerbaijan Republic. For Azerbaijan people for the first-time identification of substitution of adenine nucleotide with guanine nucleotide in GALT gene position 563 was conducted. It leaded to substitution of glycineamino acid with arginine amino acid in position 188 of mutation protein. Galactosemia is an alteration that alters the way the body processes galactose. It may be due to a deficiency of any of the three enzymes of the galactose catabolic pathway; galactose-1- phosphate urydiltransferase (Gal-1-PUT), galactokinase or urydil diphosphate (UDP)- galactose-4-epimerase. Individuals having galactosemia are intolerant to lactose and galactose in milk. In the lack of proper diagnosis and treatment, this disorder can lead to enlarged liver, cirrhosis, renal failure, cataracts, brain damage and even death. Long term complications can be prevented with early diagnosis following birth and by eliminating lactose and galactose containing nutrients from daily diet.
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Molecular-Phylogenetic Research of the Genus Hypericum L. in Flora of Azerbaijan
Статья научная
Hypericum is one of the 100 largest flowering plant genera forming the family Hypericaceae Juss., which belongs to the clusioid clade of the Malpighiales. Hypericum is represented in Azerbaijan flora by 19 native species and 1 subspecies belonging to 7 taxonomic sections. The chloroplast DNA of 8 species from the genus was studied by PCR-RFLP analysis. Total genomic DNA was extracted from leaf tissue using the DNeasyPlantMini kit. (Qiagen Inc.; Valencia, CA, USA) following the supplied protocol and quanti field using a Nanodrop (Nanodrop Technologies; Wilmington, DE, USA) spectrophotometer. The article is part of an experimental study that comprises molecular-phylogenetic research of this genus in the flora of Azerbaijan.
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Momordica charantia L. introduction
Статья научная
The article deals with the introduction of Momordica charantia L. plant in Nakhchivan. This plant was discovered to be a new species for the flora of the Nakhchivan. Momordica charantia L. has fully adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the area and has completed its vegetation period. The seeds of the plant were obtained, and it was recommended to use them taking into account the farming characteristics of the species.
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Статья научная
The aim of this study was to evaluate morphologic features, diagnostic qualifiers and enhance classification of alluvial-meadow soils in the floodplain of the Kur River within Azerbaijan. For this purpose, several soil pits were placed in the representative test areas and multiple soil samples collected within field campaigns (2014-2015). Based on the field and laboratory test data, the detailed soil maps of the test areas were compiled, and diversity of alluvial-meadow soils was classified as suborders (subtypes): alluvial-meadow primitive; alluvial-meadow layered (flaggy); alluvial-meadow dark and alluvial-meadow irrigated. It was found out that in the floodplains, local soil variability was predominantly attributed to not only alluvial sediments, but also water table, mineralization rate and salt content of underground water as well flood water play an important role. The mineralization of ground water is weak (1.40-3.70 g/l) and the concentration of hydro-carbonates (HCO3-) varies from 0.56 to 0.92 g/l. No salinization indication found in the profile of alluvial-meadow primitive and alluvial-meadow layered soils, while weak concentration (solid content = 0.40-0.54%) was found at a depth of 80-150 cm in the alluvial-meadow dark soil. Unlike other subtypes, alluvial-meadow dark soil is characterized with the higher biomass (green weight of top = 41.5 cwt/ha and green weight of underground = 142.3 cwt/ha), high mobility of humus substances with predominance of the 1st fraction of humin (20.0-28.1%) and fulvic acids (14.6-22.3%). The ratio of Cha : Cfa reaches 1.18-1.32. For the alluvial-meadow irrigated soil, the second fraction of humin acid (9.3-10.2%) and total content of humin acid ranges from 45.6 to 50.3%. The ratio of Cha : Cfa is larger (1.37-1.50). Depending on the lithology of alluvial sediments, the content of SiO2 and R2O3 varies in the ranges of 53.0-57.2% and 9,6-26,0%, respectively. For the alluvial-meadow dark soil, decomposition of alum silicates in alkaline hydrolysis is typical (8.7-9.0). The content of SiO2 and R2O3 varies between 47.8 and 50.6 %, and 19.7 and 21.6%, respectively. In the topsoil, of the irrigated soils in associated to washing out the content of Ca and CaO content (12.2-13.1%) increases in deeper horizons.
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Morphological and anatomical analysis of vegetative organs of Avena pilosa (Roem. & Schult.) Bieb
Статья научная
The article provides information about the structural features of the fodder plant - Avena pilosa (Roem. & Schult.) Bieb., which is widespread on winter pastures in Azerbaijan. As a result of the morphological-anatomical analysis, important structural elements were identified, as well as the morphophysiology and adaptation of this species. As a result of adaptation to drought conditions, this plant showed signs of strong xerophilization. Xerophytes - plants for which the aridity of the norm. Common symptoms of xerophytes - a small evaporating surface, and other structural and physiological symptoms are very diverse. Reduction of leaf area is the main morphological feature of xerophytes.
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Статья научная
It is established that in pig farms of various forms of ownership the number of animals with violation of reproductive function makes from 11.7 to 39.7%. As a result of the clinical examination of the basic herd of pigs revealed that obstetric pathology occurs on average 40.1 percent of broodstock, with 26.7% of the sows in the period of pregnancy registered gestosis with a classical triad: hyperhydration, hypertension and proteinuria. Depending on the symptoms, there were 4 forms of pregnancy complications with gestosis with symptoms of anemia (38.4±1.89%), hepatopathy (27.8±1.2%), nephropathy (34.5±1.7%) and paraplegia (9.3±0.7% of pregnant sows). Diseases of pregnant sows were clinically manifested by events of oppression - loss of appetite, pallor of visible mucous membranes, soreness of palpable area of the liver, proteinuria, hypertension, disorders of the Central nervous system, calving mobility problems, yellowness of the eyeball. Morphometric studies of the placenta in the gestosis of pregnant sows evidence that the length of the umbilical cord, the mass of the maternal part of the placenta, the thickness and volume of the child part of the placenta is reduced to a statistically reliable magnitude, compared with similar indicators in clinically healthy pregnant sows. Noted a significant fluctuation of fetus-placental ratio with an inverse of value. There was a significant fluctuation of the fetal-placental coefficient with the opposite value, in piglets born from clinically healthy mothers. The functional status of newborns depends on the forming processes of the maternal and child placenta, as well as the morphological and physiological properties of the development of fruits, which is confirmed by an authentic decrease in the body weight of newborns by 30.0-40.0% and weakly expressed motor-food reflexes.
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Morphophysiological parameters of hard and soft wheat genotypes depending on different water supply
Статья научная
To determine drought tolerance of 10 wheat varieties (3 durum and 7 bread) differing in architectonics, the research was performed under normal and drought conditions. The reduction in the plant height due to cultivation conditions rather than genetic properties of the genotypes occurred because of the decreasing length of upper internodes by 0.47-9.51%. Structural components of the product were determined. The greatest reduction in above-ground dry biomass per unit of the field was detected in Barakatli 95 and Garagylchyg 2 genotypes. The amounts of pigments were determined to evaluate the level of the photosynthetic apparatus development, its physiological state, formation and accumulation potential of the product. The content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids was determined during the grain forming, milk ripening, and wax ripening phases. Green plastids were broken down and chlorophyll content decreased under drought. Chlorophyll a content decreased more sharply compared with chlorophyll b. Chlorophyll a content decreased more sharply in all phases in the durum variety Barakatli 95 (during the phases, respectively, 19.7; 16.6 and 35.6%) and bread variety Gyrmyzy gul 1 (21.9; 15.3; 39.5%). Chlorophyll b amount decreased less in the durum variety Tartar (11.0; 7.30; 14.2%) and bread variety 4th FEFWSN-50 (4.83; 10.8; 9.20%). Amounts of the photosynthetic pigments were determined in various regions (Gobustan and Jalilabad Regional Experimental Stations). Chlorophyll a content decreased more in the Gyrmyzy gul 1 and Garagylchyg 2 varieties (in Gobustan: 2.302 and 2.979 mg/g fresh weight) in Jalilabad: 2.096 and 2.737 mg/g fresh weight) under rainfed conditions. Drought had a relatively less impact on chlorophyll a content in the Azamatli 95 and Gobustan varieties. Chlorophyll b content ranged from 0.033 to 2.398 mg/g fresh weight in Gobustan and from 0.057 to 2.175 mg/g fresh weight in Jalilabad, whereas the content of did not decrease.
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Mountain-xerophytic vegetation type found in Daridag
Статья научная
Information about the mountain-xerophytic type of vegetation of the Daridag area is presented. Areas at an altitude of 1200-1600 m above sea level are characterized by plant species with mountain xerophytic vegetation. Mountain xerophytic flora is not homogeneous and represents a set of individual phytocenosis. Ephemeral plants play an important role in this vegetation. In addition to ephemerals, the vegetation includes bulbous, tuberous, and various grasses, mainly: Rhamnus pallasii Fisch. & C. A. Mey. , Astragalus microcephalus Willd. , Astragalus beckerianus Trautv., Astragalus aduncus Willd., Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen., T. collinus M. Bieb., Euphorbia seguieriana Neck., Caragana grandiflora (M. Bieb.) DC., Atraphaxis spinosa L., Acanthophyllum mucronatum C. A. Mey., Zygophyllum atriplicoides Fisch. & C. A. Mey., Z. fabago L., Acantholimon araxanum Bunge etc. In total, the study identified 6 groups of formations and 16 associations. These include thorn shrubs, monodominant tragacanth xerophytic shrubs, cushion xerophytic shrubs, subshrub phrygana and mixed shrubs, which are included in the mountain xerophytic vegetation type. The phytocenosis of mixed herbaceous shrubs is comprised of 35 species, of which 10 species are shrubs (28.56%), 1 species is a semi-shrub (2.86%), 1 species is a shrub (2.86%), 2 species are semi-shrubs (5.72%), and 21 species are perennial and biennial (60%) plants. With regard to their life forms, of the 21 species included in the monodominant tragacanth xerophytic shrub grouping, three species are shrub-like, two species are shrubs, two species are semi-shrubs, and 14 species are perennial grasses.
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Статья научная
This article explores the use of mountains and climate as metaphors in the linguistic and cultural descriptions of the mother-in-law figure across various societies. By examining how harsh and unpredictable mountain climates are used to symbolize the perceived complexities and challenges of the mother-in-law relationship, the study highlights the role of environmental metaphors in shaping cultural attitudes and familial dynamics. The analysis draws from a range of linguistic expressions, proverbs, and cultural narratives that associate the traits of mountains and climate, such as resilience, severity, and endurance, with the character and societal role of the mother-in-law. This research underscores the interplay between language, environment, and social structures, revealing how natural landscapes and climates can influence and reflect cultural perceptions of familial relationships.
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Multidimensional approach to combating the shadow economy: theory and practice
Статья научная
This article presents a detailed analysis of multi-level strategies to combat the shadow economy on the example of Uzbekistan. The study delves into the theoretical aspects of the problem, identifying the factors contributing to the shadow sector, and discusses the need for integrated co-operation between government structures, business and society. The article offers practical recommendations, including improving the legislative framework and strengthening the law enforcement system. The authors draw attention to successful cases of implementing technological tools aimed at increasing the transparency of financial flows. The article also covers socio-cultural measures, including educational initiatives aimed at fostering intolerant attitudes towards the shadow economy. Based on data on the dynamics of Uzbekistan's economy, it is emphasized that a multidimensional approach can effectively reduce the shadow economy and promote sustainable economic growth.
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Music-aesthetic education of young schoolchildren through vocal-choral performances
Статья научная
The article deals with the necessity and importance of vocal and choir singing in the musical-aesthetic education of young schoolchildren. Musical-aesthetic education is aimed at improving many features of the child’s personality. The formation of artistic and aesthetic culture in the educational process can be successfully implemented in choir classes. The author believes that the process of children’s vocal and choral education occurs in close connection with the formation of the singing apparatus, music and aesthetic education: first, the acquisition of basic vocal and choral skills (breathing, vocalization, diction, intonation). The second is the formation of creative abilities, artistic and aesthetic culture in general. The article also discusses how music teachers not only instill vocal and choral skills in students, but also teach them the basics of spiritual, moral, artistic and aesthetic culture.
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Статья научная
Both cultivated and wild fodder plants are the main group of plants necessary for the development of animal husbandry. Although it is impossible to give a specific number about the number of species of fodder plants in Azerbaijan, there is no doubt that their number of species is expressed in hundreds. Thus, the number of species of annual grasses in the CIS includes up to 1000 species. As it is known, some species mentioned above as fodder plants also carry other qualities. For example, corn, sunflower, wormwood, three-leaf clover, etc. plants are also medicinal plants and are used as diuretics, pain relievers, etc. in folk medicine. It is widely used as a tool with properties. At the same time, due to these properties, these plants have become the subject of various aspects (botanical, pharmacological, mycological, etc.) studies, and this situation is still ongoing.
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