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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 6652
Shrines and the formation of the historical topography of Bukhara
Статья научная
This article discusses various aspects related to the formation of Bukhara, including its urban composition, arch and rabad structures typical of medieval cities, the development of guzars, and the historical topography of sacred shrines. It also analyzes the involvement of these holy shrines in the establishment of guzars, their spatial relationships, and their evolution as crucial elements in the historical topography of Bukhara.
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Significance of English abbreviations in the field of dentistry
Статья научная
The article analyzes abbreviations in English used in today’s rapidly developing field of dentistry. The density and the complexity of this process determine the urgency of the problem, creating the need to resort to a careful study of abbreviations. How important it is not to make mistakes in the spelling of abbreviations; otherwise, it can lead to misunderstandings in determining the meaning of the word. In the dental profession, abbreviations are not only convenient but also essential for conveying complex information quickly. However, the article highlights the critical importance of accuracy in spelling these abbreviations. Errors in abbreviation usage can lead to misunderstandings about procedures, medications, and diagnoses, which may jeopardize patient safety. Moreover, the article discusses the implications of inconsistencies in abbreviation usage across different regions and dental practices. It explores how varying interpretations can arise from local jargon or outdated terminology, potentially creating barriers to effective communication among dental professionals.The article also suggests best practices for the adoption of standardized abbreviations within dental education and professional training. By promoting awareness and understanding of commonly used abbreviations, dental practitioners can enhance clarity in documentation, reduce the risk of errors, and foster better communication with patients and colleagues alike. Ultimately, this careful study of abbreviations serves as a foundation for improving overall efficiency and safety in dental practice.
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Significance of intentional analysis in fiction literature
Статья научная
Intentional analysis is a crucial tool for understanding the complexities of fiction literature. This article delves into the significance of intentional analysis in unraveling the underlying meanings and authorial intentions in works of fiction. Through an examination of various literary theories and critical approaches, this article seeks to elucidate the value of intentional analysis in interpreting and appreciating fiction literature.
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Signs of the verbs movement in the Kyrgyz and Russian languages
Статья научная
This article discusses the semantics of movement verbs in Kyrgyz and Russian languages in a comparative typological aspect. One of the main lexical-semantic groups of the semantic system of the verb are the verbs of movement. Verbs of movement - one of the main semantic varieties of the substantive aspect of the verb. They occupy a prominent place in the semantic side of the language. Therefore, the relevance of the study in the multi-structural languages of the semantic system of motion verbs is very rich in meanings and shades of meanings. The basis of the lexical meaning is a concept that, however, is not identical with the meaning. The lexical meanings of words can be close to each other, for example, the verbs of the movement “выйти” - “go out, go out” and “уйти” - “go away, go away, go away” and may not have any connections with each other at all, for example, “прийти” - “come, come” and “спать” - “sleep”, “идти” - “walk, go” and “жениться” - “get married”, “думать” - “think” such examples are reflected. In addition, it was noted since the lexical meaning consists of two components - the significative and denotative, they are essentially characteristic of the verbs of movement.
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Signs, causes, fighting apple diseases
Статья научная
Numerous diseases often damage apples in home orchards each year. These include fly agaric and sooty mold, summer blight, black rot, powdery mildew, and cedar apple rust. This article discusses the signs, causes, progression, treatment, and preventive measures for several apple tree diseases. Some infections attack the tree roots in the fall, but symptoms do not appear until the following spring, when the tree can no longer absorb enough water and nutrients to continue growing. Disease control in apple orchards is difficult due to the lack of effective chemical treatments. Preventive measures can help control these diseases.
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Similarities and differences of Kyrgyz and Kara-Kalpak epics
Статья научная
The article provides a comparative historical analysis of the similarities and differences of the epics of the Kyrgyz and Kara-Kalpak peoples, which have not been forgotten and preserved for centuries. After all, in the epics of both peoples, the way of life, spiritual and moral knowledge in the upbringing of youth, historical events, philosophical views that make up the formation of personality were formed in accordance with the awareness of the national mentality. If we consider the issue in this form, then today epics are not given such attention. Therefore, our goal, firstly, is to reveal that in the past centuries the potential of the population in continuing teaching and training was very high thanks to the best methodologies of spiritual and moral education of young people through folk epics. Secondly, in order to popularize and preserve folk epics in modern society, it is necessary to organize special courses and classes on their teaching. After all, epics contain history, ethnography, philosophy, traditional knowledge folklore of the whole people.
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Simplification and verification of o-xylene fuel mechanism
Статья научная
The increasing demand for energy due to economic globalization has led to the exploration of different types of fuels, including aromatic hydrocarbon fuels. Xylene is an essential aromatic hydrocarbon fuel and an important component of kerosene. This study employs the error propagation directed relationship diagram (DRGEP) and sensitivity analysis (SA) to simplify the reaction mechanism of o-xylene. The ignition delay time and laminar flame velocity predicted by the fuel mechanism under different w375orking conditions are compared with pre-simplified experimental data. The study proposes a mechanism consisting of 298 reactions and 64 components to describe the combustion reaction of xylene. The simplified mechanism's ability to reproduce experimental results is assessed, and the results reveal that the simplified mechanism effectively reproduces the experimental results, indicating its potential usefulness in practical applications. This study has significant implications for the development of more efficient and sustainable energy sources. By providing insights into the combustion behavior of xylene, researchers can develop more accurate models for predicting the performance of this fuel under a range of conditions. This, in turn, can inform the development of new technologies that can help meet the growing demand for energy in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the combustion behavior of xylene, highlighting its potential as a sustainable energy source and offering a potential avenue for further research in this field.
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Simulation analysis of non-concentric squeeze film damper
Статья научная
Squeeze film dampers are components that provide additional damping for rotating motors. In general, in order to achieve the best results of the squeeze film damper, it is necessary to appropriately increase the damping value, reduce the stiffness and set a reasonable eccentricity. In the process of designing the squeeze film damper, we can apply the rotor dynamics module of COMSOL software to model and simulate it, so as to achieve better simulation results and lay a foundation for the subsequent development and design of the product. In COMSOL software, in order to simplify the modeling of rotor components, we usually model squeeze film dampers based on the damping coefficient. The model calculates the damping coefficient for a short squeeze film damper and compares the results with the analytically calculated values. In addition, the damping coefficient depends on the position of the journal in the damper, i.e., the magnitude of the eccentricity. In this paper, by analyzing the dimensionless damping coefficient, bearing stiffness, journal displacement, and fluid load at different eccentricity, and plotting the fluid pressure distribution and the average oil film flow rate of the squeeze film damper, we can find the most suitable range of eccentricity and the damage-prone part of the damper, which can provide an important reference for the actual design of the squeeze film damper.
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Статья научная
The quality of the control system depends on various factors such as the characteristics of the controlled object, the control scheme, the form and size of interference, etc. In a control system where the characteristics of the object and the hardware and software have been basically determined, the control quality of the system depends on the control algorithm. The control algorithm will make the motion process control have better speed, accuracy and stability. The study of control law is an important part of the control system design of the entire six-degree-of-freedom test bench. The characteristics of the controlled object and the existence of interference in this control system require the designed control law to have the characteristics of strong robustness, certain intelligence, and easy implementation, so as to achieve stable and precise control of the system and achieve the control indicators required by the system. The control strategy of this six-degree-of-freedom test bench adopts Fuzzy PID control, which combines fuzzy theory with the mature traditional PID control theory and uses fuzzy theory to tune the three control parameters of PID to form a parameter self-tuning Fuzzy PID control Device. The Fuzzy PID control strategy is simulated by MATLAB simulation software.
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Simulation of ship trajectory in waves based on STAR-CCM+
Статья научная
The reliable ship motion trajectory signal provides a basis for six-degree-of-freedom test bench to simulate ship motion in waves. The characteristics of ship motion in waves were analyzed. Aiming at the problem of complex hull shape and large displacement at sea, the dynamic overlapping grid technique was used. Based on STAR-CCM+, the free surface was solved by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation method. The numerical model of ship motion in waves was established, and the DFBI (Dynamic Fluid Body Interaction) method was used to simulate the ship motion in the waves. The ship’s motion trajectory was obtained in the regular and irregular heading waves, which provides important support for the six-degree-of-freedom test bench wave simulation system.
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Simulation of waste heat recovery from ship boiler exhaust gas
Статья научная
The heat pipe type waste heat recovery system can effectively reduce energy consumption when the ship is sailing in a polar region, so it has great engineering application value. In order to improve the design of the heat pipe waste heat recovery system and ensure that the design parameters meet the design requirements, this project has carried out a three-dimensional simulation analysis of the internal flow field of the heat pipe waste heat recovery system. Through reasonable model processing, application of boundary conditions, and the assignment of physical attributes the flow field characteristics of the key positions of the heat pipe type waste heat recovery system were obtained scientifically and effectively. The model was simulated and calculated, and the flue gas temperature distribution in the evaporator heat exchange tube, the overall temperature distribution of the waste heat recovery system, and the temperature change curve from the cold water entering the condenser to the steady state were obtained. The change curve of the thermal efficiency of the system during the temperature of the flue gas from the evaporator to the steady state.
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Статья научная
Recently, more and more scholars have devoted themselves to researching new methods of vibration reduction and noise reduction by manipulating the elastic waves in the structure to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction. To this end, a new type of ‘acoustic black hole’ structure is proposed, which reduces structural vibration while avoiding problems such as mass increase. In this paper, the vibration damping performance of the structure is mainly calculated by finite element software, and the energy concentration effect of the thin plate containing the acoustic black hole is verified by finite element analysis. A thin plate structure with four acoustic black holes is proposed. The calculation shows that the structure has obvious vibration reduction effect, and the vibration reduction effect can reach more than 20dB at high frequency.
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Situation on environmental protection in Uzbekistan in 1950-1980-ies
Статья научная
In the given article are considered the problems of environmental protection situation in Uzbekistan in 50-80s of the XX century. In the article are Enlighted the processes of environmental protection in Uzbekistan in 1950-1990-ies, worsening of ecological environment, its influence to social and economical life. In the article is noted that in the Soviet period the infrastructure of the republic oriented to the raw material couldn’t require to national economy. The raw character of production strength and their development led to not rational use of natural material, in the condition of deficiency of the final products led to the wide production of agricultural raw material. There were arisen social and ecological problems of water and land resources use. Under the influence of such factors was damaged the balance of “nature-population-national economy” system. There was made inreperable harm to many important vital interests. There was analized the influence of negative ecological situation to social and economical life at the example of Aral Sea and Aral Sea region problem. In the process of the work was obtained the information which in the sphere of environmental protection in 60s of the XX century Nature conservation society started its activity, in the last years by regulatory bodies of the republic was adopted number of important decisions on its activity improvement. On this basis, it was taken into public control the implementation of laws for nature protection, carried out complex measures on environmental protection and its improvement. However, these shortcomings in the work, as a formality, the pursuit of numbers reduced its effectiveness. Founded in 1988, State committee for nature protection began a new stage in environmental protection.
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Статья научная
The article deals with changes in situational excitemen level of the examination process in I and IV courses depending on the temperament of the nervous system. The research was conducted 2 months before the exam, 30 minutes before the exam and 30 minutes after the exam. Before starting the study, the temperament types of the nervous system of young people were studied. Situational anxiety of young people of different temperament types (emotional stress) was determined by a score system in three different situations: on normal days, before the exam and after the exam. The situational alarm was determined by an express version of the test questionnaire according to the Spielberg. It was found that at all stages, first- and fourth-year students had an insignificant difference between the types in situational excitemen level. Also, the difference between groups was not statistically reliable. In addition, the indicators of phlegmatic, choleric and sanguine types of situational excitemen level in the 4th year students changed statistically reliable in comparison with normal days. At the same age, the phlegmatic and sanguine types of situational excitemen level in after the exam were statistically reliable compared to normal days. In the IV course traps, the indicators of the phlegmatic type are statistically reliable in comparison with before the exam and after the exam situational excitemen level.
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Smart counters for implementation in integrated smart grid
Статья научная
This article discusses the concept of Smart Grid and its elements, in particular, smart counters are considered that are an integral part of the intelligent power system, since these counters not only read the consumed electricity but also collect data, transmit and monitor information.
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Social and economic security in the system of state protectedness
Статья научная
Taking as a basis the scientific study of different concepts in the theory of security, it is necessary to assume that the inaccessibility of the threat in the absolute sense is impossible. In fact, there may not be a certain type of threat to a particular object in a specific period of time (if there is not yet or there is no longer a corresponding danger factor). It is necessary to take into account that interests are only a small part of a wide range of objects of state protection. This share differs subjectively and interacts with the implemented financial, economic and social policy, the productivity of which is largely dependent on the impact of individual groups of people and parties (based on socio-political preferences). In addition - it is quite a mobile category, which has the ability to change qualitatively. It is obvious that the danger is one of the many destructive moments of security, along with those of which have already been discussed, for example threat, challenge, risk, decline, crisis, cataclysm, destruction, deformation processes, etc. It is necessary to clarify that the danger in the context of the ‘security triad' is always modified: in a short time, they have all chances to transform from the present into the probable and vice versa.
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Social factors of preparing adolescents for family life during globalization
Статья научная
This article highlights that a family is a sacred place that preserves the continuity of every people, and the nation, ensures the development of national values, brings new generations of children into the world, educates them spiritually and physically, and is considered the main foundation of society. The fact that it is a social unit based on biological, economic, legal, and spiritual relations, creating a healthy environment in families in the era of globalization, ensuring family stability, and increasing the social activity of teenagers are highlighted. The article states that such virtues as hard work, loyalty, sincerity, trust, love of country, justice, purity, and correctness typical of Uzbek families are directly inculcated by parents to their children as a personal example. At the same time, teenagers are expected to solve family problems through their hard work, endurance, contentment, intelligence, foresight, sharp judgment, ability to behave in any situation, overcome the difficulties encountered, and family spirituality through their own strength, self-confidence, will, and knowledge. And issues such as being able to absorb their traditions and fully implement them in their lives have also been reflected. Also, independent family life is a responsible and difficult period for teenagers, and it is necessary to go through new social relations, instructions for the future, processes of social adaptation, and to arm them with knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary in childhood.
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Socio-demographic factors affecting women’s activity in society
Статья научная
The socio-demographic factors influencing the activity of women in the society, as well as the causes of negative consequences such as anxiety, increase in conflict, decrease in emotional stability and initiative, decrease in social activity, deterioration of the indicator of social-psychological characteristics of a person are considered in the article. At the same time, in the results of the research conducted by the author, the differentiation of indicators of social activity is presented. Any changes that take place in the society cause women to lose their almost achieved achievements, as well as cause a sharp decline in their social status. It is known that in the process of forming a person as a person, he enters into many social relationships, at the same time; he performs a number of socio-psychological roles.
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Socio-economic security of the hierarchical system
Статья научная
The paradox of financial and economic reality lies in the fact that it coexists and phenomena of financial evolution, and processes of conventional (non-transient) type. On the one hand, the economy is changing technologies, goods, organizations and structures. In this sense, it is evolutionary. On the other hand, the acts of these shifts do not exhaust the essence of financial and economic functioning. The huge role is played by the moments of economic strength of financial entities, coordination of costs and results, demand and supply, anti-crisis formation. The study of these moments is the prerogative of classical science. This means that science as a whole is not able to refute the classical approaches and absolutize fresh, non-traditional views (synergetic, evolutionary) on the concept or Vice versa. The synthesis of classical and fresh non-standard financial and economic doctrines is necessary.
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Socio-pedagogical principles for fostering gender culture in Uzbek families
Статья научная
Currently, there is a global effort to perform scientific study on the education of young individuals, with the aim of promoting their social integration and long-term growth. Scientific study is being conducted to promote the ethnic and ontogenic dimensions of gender culture development among young individuals, as well as to foster children’s understanding of gender equality while addressing fundamental social responsibilities within the family. The significance of scientific study in comprehending the notion of gender inequality and the stereotypes associated with gender culture inside the home is growing. This research plays a crucial role in defining children’s worldview and fostering their holistic development. Simultaneously, the primary objectives are accurately analyzing gender dynamics in society, ascertaining their actual condition, appropriately shaping motivations while establishing a family, and selecting a vocation for the younger generation.
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