- Все статьи 8014
-
Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 8014
Perspective of rural tourism development in Uzbekistan
Статья научная
The article is devoted to actual problems of effective development of rural tourism in Uzbekistan. Currently, there are 10,865 villages in Uzbekistan. Each of these villages has a unique tourist destination. The government attaches great importance to creating new jobs in rural areas and improving the living standards of the population. Rural tourism is one of the directions of the economy that can be used in this direction. When organizing rural tourism, the following points should be taken into account: first, that each village is a set of unique cultural, material and natural resources. Secondly, these are cultural landscapes, rural life and other resources. In conclusion, it is concluded that it is necessary to liberalize rural production; guide to ensure spiritual, physical recreation in the city; guide for rural culture, traditions and protection of the rural environment.
Бесплатно
Perspective planning of modern education: strategic approaches and development trends
Статья научная
The article analyses the main priority areas and challenges, drawing on international research in the field of long-term educational planning. Key planning components are also commented on in the context of digital transformation, inclusion, teacher training and assessment systems. The article analyzes the principles of strategic planning in education at the international level and conducts a comparative study of the experience of countries such as Finland, Singapore and Azerbaijan. The purpose of the study is to analyze successful strategies of various countries and propose models and approaches that can be applied in Azerbaijani education. The article also analyzes the methodologies and strategic approaches used to improve the process of long-term planning in the higher education system of Azerbaijan. Modern methods and approaches used for proper planning of the future development of higher education institutions were also considered. The article analyzed strategic approaches and trends in the development of long-term planning in the modern education system; the study used both qualitative and quantitative methods.
Бесплатно
Perspectives on the use of blockchain for decentralized and secure data exchange
Статья научная
The article examines the application of blockchain technology for decentralized and secure data exchange. The primary focus is on blockchain's advantages, such as high security, data immutability, and the potential for process automation through smart contracts. Key challenges in implementing the technology are also discussed, including scalability issues, high energy consumption, and legal restrictions. The article suggests solutions to these challenges through the development of efficient consensus algorithms and integration with advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence. The research findings highlight blockchain’s potential as a viable solution for secure data exchange across various industries.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
There are numerous diseases that were previously mainly observed in older age groups but have recently become increasingly prevalent among younger generations. The contemporary lifestyle, migration from rural areas to cities, rapid urban population growth, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, chronic stress, and environmental factors have lowered the age threshold for many chronic diseases. Hypertension is one of these conditions. Arterial hypertension is a chronic pathology characterized by impaired cardiovascular system function and is observed in approximately 30-40% of the global population. According to the 2024 report of the World Health Organization (WHO), around 10 million people die each year from complications of hypertension, including myocardial infarction, stroke, kidney failure, and vascular disorders. Hypertension is defined as a persistent elevation of arterial blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. The development of the disease is influenced by genetic predisposition, obesity, excessive intake of salty foods, chronic stress, physical inactivity, and hormonal disorders.
Бесплатно
Phenology of the black bean aphid (Aphis fabae scopoli)
Статья научная
Black bean aphid ( Aphis fabae Scopoli), which are dangerous pests of beet, were studied in 2015-2021 in the farms and surrounding bio and agrocoenosis of the Mil-Mugan economic region of Azerbaijan. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that Aphis fabae gives up to 15 generations in this region. 10-12 of them have increased in beetroot agrocoenosis and are reproducing, so in the result, farms are seriously damaged. At the same time, it was determined that if population density and the physiological state of the plant play the main role in the formation of different morphs of this pest in the spring and summer generations, low temperature and short photoperiod are the main factors in the formation of autumn morphs.
Бесплатно
Philosophical criticism applied to Kassandra's brand novel by Ch. Aitmatov
Статья научная
This paper employs a combination of formalist literary analysis and philosophical criticism to provide a critical analysis of Ch. Aitmatov’s short story, "Kassandra’s Brand". The paper seeks to identify and explore the general philosophical themes and issues presented in the work, including life and death, values, and nature and humanity. The paper argues that philosophical and moral criticisms provide the foundation for all critical approaches and that thematic criticism is crucial in analyzing literary works. By examining the philosophical problems presented in the literary text, this paper highlights the importance of critically analyzing the acceptance of ideas and evaluating the ethical content of literary works. The aim of the work is to apply a philosophical literary technique to the work of Ch. Aitmatov “The Brand of Kassandra” and conduct a thematic analysis that allows you to determine the main idea of the novel. The introduction includes information on literary theory and the emergence of philosophical criticism, which is one of the first techniques in parallel with the moral and literary technique. The methodology specifies the use of descriptive, comparative and qualitative methods. As a result of the work, the main philosophical themes in the novel "The Brand of Cassandra" are identified and the topics posed are rhetorical. In conclusion, it should be noted the importance of literary criticism and philosophical reception revealing the idea of the novel.
Бесплатно
Philosophy of parametric design in interactive architecture framework
Статья научная
This article describes the parametric design as a new trend not only in the design of technology but as a new approach to development philosophy of architectural elements from the point of view of interactive design. With the entry into the era of modern information technology available to architects, new design tools to create unique objects and to minimize the effort and time that the task, the process from design to determine the behavior and characteristics of the existing buildings has become completely digital. In parametric design and definition of the variables that affect the parameter changes, there are some algorithms of interaction and mutual influences that determine the shape, size, orientation, and other parameters of the architectural object.
Бесплатно
Phraseological units with cardinal numeral component in English language
Статья научная
Without the description of the quantitative definiteness of the reality neither knowledge, nor human practice, nor communication is possible. In English the means of expressing ideas of quantity penetrate all the levels of language structure, phraseology as well. The purpose of the article is to investigate phraseological units with cardinal numerals in the English language. The article is focused on semantic analysis of 65 phraseological units with cardinal numeral component in the English language collected from the English phraseological dictionaries by several authors. There is always a special interest in linguistics to numerical phraseological units. Phraseological studies possess great significance as it displays the interrelation between the language and the society. Numerals take active part in the formation of phraseological units thus creating a large phraseological layer. Fixed expressions with cardinal numerals are more numerous in number than those with ordinal ones and include expressions with a wide range of numerals such as two, four, five, six, eight, fifty, hundred, thousand . They are commonly used in phraseological units to form a ‘human’ concept. The results of the investigation showed that the numbers one and two are the most productive numbers in the English phraseological units. The numbers one, three, six, nine and ten are used in different senses in these set expressions. The numbers seven and eight are unproductive in the English language. The results of this work can be used for further studying the semantics of numerals in phraseological units and identifying of phraseological units with a numeral component.
Бесплатно
Phyllocnistis citrella stainton, 1856 control methods in the Lankaran-Astara region
Статья научная
Research has been carried out on the biology and ecology of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. This is one of the main pests of lemon and tangerine gardens in Azerbaijan. To combat this pest, various agricultural methods and chemicals were used. The most effective combinations have been identified. A detailed description is given in the work. Guidelines for pest risk assessment have been developed, emphasizing measures to protect citrus orchards from heavy infestation by Phyllocnistis citrella.
Бесплатно
Physical and social spaces interactions: rural-urban dynamics in new constructions in Kyrgyzstan
Статья научная
In Kyrgyzstan’s evolving cultural landscape in post-Soviet time, rural and urban dynamics reveal a captivating story of adaptation. This study explores domestic spaces, specifically the ‘bathhouse’, ‘naves’, and toilet placement preferences in newly built houses. The traditional rural ‘bathhouse’ has ventured into urban settings, challenging established notions. Conversely, the urban ‘naves’ now thrive in remote rural areas, reflecting evolving cultural tastes. Toilet placement choices among new settlement residents exemplify the fusion of rural and urban influences, highlighting their ability to adapt rural culture to urban living. This research underscores Kyrgyzstan’s complex cultural identity, where tradition and modernity harmonize, transcending urban and rural boundaries.
Бесплатно
Physical-chemical constants and fatty acid composition of Zosima absinthifolia Link. fruit oil
Статья научная
Zosima absinthifolia is the only species of Zosima genus in Azerbaijan. The aim of this study was to determine the quantitative and qualitative determination of fatty acids in the fruits of the plant Zosima absinthifolia, which is widespread in Absheron, as well as to study its physicochemical and organoleptic properties, possible use in the pharmaceutical and food industries. The oil obtained from the fruits of the plant collected from the Absheron Peninsula (Bibiheybat) was analyzed by gas chromatography. The oil was obtained at 60 °C for 8 h by the extraction of the fruits in a Soxhlet extractor. The yield was 10.36%. Chromatographic analysis of the oil obtained from plant fruits allowed to determine 14 fatty acids. The main component of Z. absinthifolia fruit oil is oleic acid (74.36%). Small amounts of caprylic and palmitic acids were also found to be 8.9% and 5.39%, respectively. The lowest percentage is palmitinoleic acid (0.07%). Physical-chemical constants and organoleptic properties of Z. absinthifolia fruit oil were also analyzed and it was determined that the percentage of free fatty acids in our sample was 2.47%, the peroxide value 34.16 mg O/kg and the saponification number 200.23 mg KOH/g.
Бесплатно
Physiological characteristics study of normalization of carbohydrates in food rations
Статья научная
Carbohydrates are organic substances with high energy, enter the body with food and satisfy the various needs of the human body. They enter the body mainly with plant products and are the most important source of energy. Approximately half (56-58%) of the energy needed by the body is provided by carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Here, the relationship between hydrogen and oxygen is the same as in water molecules. That is why they are called carbohydrates. During physical labor, the need for carbohydrates increases. They are also involved in plastic forming processes. Carbohydrates increase the amount of glucose in the blood and increase the amount of glycogen in the liver and muscles, being included in the composition of cells and tissues. Glucose is converted into reserve carbohydrates - glycogen, which is an energy reserve that serves to maintain the level of sugar in the blood at a normal level and ensures the stable functioning of all organ systems.
Бесплатно
Physiological regulatory Mechanisms of Arterial Blood Pressure during Stress
Статья научная
Stress represents the physiological and psychological response of the organism to internal and external stimuli. Among the many physiological alterations that occur during stress, the regulation of arterial blood pressure is of particular clinical significance. Under the influence of stressors, the sympathetic nervous system becomes activated, leading to increased secretion of catecholamine hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline. These hormones accelerate heart rate, increase myocardial contractility, and cause vasoconstriction, resulting in elevated arterial blood pressure. The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are simultaneously activated, regulating water–salt balance and contributing to blood pressure homeostasis. Baroreceptors located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch detect changes in vascular wall tension and relay signals to the central nervous system. The central nervous system then coordinates vasomotor responses. Cardiopulmonary baroreceptors are additionally sensitive to changes in blood volume and participate in the activation of hormonal regulatory pathways. Increased respiratory rate, skeletal muscle tension, and accelerated metabolism during stress are recognized indicators of the acute defense response. Prolonged emotional stress, however, imposes an additional burden on the cardiovascular system and raises the risk of hypertension. During short-term stress, these physiological alterations are largely adaptive and serve protective functions. Chronic stress, by contrast, may contribute to the development of arterial hypertension, cardiovascular disease, sleep disturbances, fatigue, impaired concentration, and psychoemotional disorders. Effective stress management and blood pressure monitoring are therefore essential for preserving long-term health.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article provides information about the shrub vegetation of the high mountain steppes of the woody species of the Rosaceae family, which spread in the flora of the Nakhchivan. Typical highland steppes of the study area are found mainly on the steep southern slopes of mountains, hills, ravines and valleys. 3 formations, 13 associations and 1 subassociation were identified in the class of shrub vegetation of the high mountain steppes, and a phytocenological classification of the vegetation was given for the first time.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article presents the phytocenological and bioecological analyzes of Helichrysum aurantiacum Boiss. et Huet., an endemic species of the Asteraceae family and assessments in plant coenopopulations of the plant. The studies were carried out in 3 districts of Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region of Azerbaijan. Ten natural populations where H. aurantiacum species are distributed were selected. In the selected populations, the integral characteristics of the demographic structure of the plant, age and efficiency indices were studied. The formations and associations were determined, the project cover of the areas was calculated, and the abundance was determined. In the H. aurantiacum species, the highest indicator is observed in the generative development stages (225-243 individuals were counted in the g1-g3 period). The efficiency coefficient of H. aurantiacum species in mature populations was ω=0.52-0.76. The high value of the efficiency coefficient in CP 7, 6 and 10 is related to the high number dynamics of plants belonging to the juvenile and immature phases before the generative development phases, and the small number of individuals belonging to the aging (s, ss) phases. The resource potential of the plant was determined and the biological reserve in the districts was 1241.1 centners, and the annual supply was 498.6 centners. This allows the supply of H. aurantiacum species in Tovuz, Agstafa and Gazakh districts located in the north-east of the Lesser Caucasus.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The study investigates the biomorphological, phytocenological, and phytochemical characteristics of the family Crassulaceae in the flora of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The main objective of the research was to evaluate the ecological adaptation mechanisms, community structure participation, and bioactive compound potential of Crassulaceae species distributed in the arid and semi-arid ecosystems of the region. Field investigations were carried out during the active vegetation period using route and quadrat sampling methods. Biomorphological characteristics of plants were analyzed based on life form classification, morphometric parameters, and structural adaptation features. Phytocenological assessment was performed using the Braun-Blanquet approach to determine species abundance, dominance status, and interspecific relationships within plant communities. Phytochemical screening of leaf and stem samples was conducted using standard qualitative reactions and spectrophotometric analysis to determine the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant constituents. The results demonstrated that Crassulaceae species in the study area are mainly hemicryptophyte and chamaephyte life forms with succulent vegetative organs adapted to water-deficit conditions. These species are commonly associated with petrophytic xerophytic communities and play a stabilizing role in erosion-prone habitats. Phytochemical analysis revealed moderate to high levels of secondary metabolites, with ecological stress factors influencing compound accumulation. In conclusion, Crassulaceae representatives show significant ecological plasticity and possess promising biological activity potential, supporting their importance in biodiversity conservation and applied botanical research in the region. Research in this direction can provide a scientific basis for a deeper understanding of the structural and functional characteristics of vegetation, the protection of rare and endemic species, as well as the identification of promising medicinal and ornamental plants.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article presents the role and phytocenological features of the Foetid Juniper ( Juniperus foetidissima Willd.) species in the sparse juniper forest of Paradash Massif in the Julfa District. According to the used literature and our researches, plants with bare seeds in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic are represented by 2 Divisions, 2 Classes, 3 Orders, 3 Families, 7 Genera and 13 Species, 7 of which are related to the cultural flora. According to research in sparse juniper forests in the Paradash Massif, there were not found Species belongin to Pinaceae Adans. Family, but 2 Species of Juniperus L. Genera of Cupressaceae S. F. Gray Family, and only one species named Ephedra procera Fisch. et C. A. Mey. Belonging to the Ephedraceae Dumort family was determined. The dominant Species of the tree tier is Juniperus foetidissima Willd., and the subdominant Species is Pyrus salicifolia Pall. - whenever Juniperus polycarpos C. Koch, together with the willow-leafed pear are multi-fruited Species of Juniper. Counting of the height indicators according to the steps and determination of the trunk diameter of the Juniper tree on the territory of Paradash were given in the counting tables. All formations and associations of phytocenoses in a rocky biotope were discovered and presented.
Бесплатно
Phytochemical Profile, Pharmacological Aspects, and Biotechnological Potential of the Genus Prangos
Статья научная
The genus Prangos (Apiaceae) comprises about 45 perennial aromatic species distributed mainly across the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and Central Asia. Over the past two decades, Prangos species have received growing scientific attention due to their remarkable content of coumarins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and essential oils with diverse biological activities. This review summarizes current knowledge on the phytochemical composition, pharmacological effects, and biotechnological potential of Prangos species, with particular emphasis on P. ferulacea and P. trifida . Data from in vitro, in vivo, and biochemical assays are critically assessed. Evidence supports their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitory properties, alongside promising industrial and biotechnological applications. The review aims to consolidate recent findings and identify future research directions for exploiting Prangos as a source of natural bioactive compounds.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Provides information about the phytocoenological analysis of the species included into the Malvaceae Juss. family, spreading in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic flora. It was found out from the conducted researches that, since the species included into this family spreading in the area with different ecological characteristics, are quite different. Although the species belonging to the Malvaceae family in the research area do not directly have a dominant feature in plant phytocenosis, they are considered to be very important species in the formation of plant phytocenosis. It is clear from the conducted phytocoenological analysis that Alcea flavovirens (Boiss. & Buhse) Iljin, Alcea rugosa Alef., Alcea tabrisiana (Boiss. & Buhse) Iljin, Althaea hirsuta L., etc. species are among the elements that form xerophytic coenosis on the dry hard mountain slopes, in the lower and middle mountain zones.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Discusses the participation of representatives of the Brassicaceae Burnett. family in the spring flora of the lowland areas of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, using the road leading to the Julfa district as an example. The study provides information on species belonging to the genera Arabidopsis (DC.) Heynh. and Camelina Crantz within this family. Specifically, the species Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. and Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz were identified along the road to Julfa. Data on the phytocoenosis formed by these species and its species composition are presented in tabular form. The study investigates the family, genus, life form, and ecological group of the species forming the phytocoenosis.
Бесплатно
