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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 7772
Non-verbal means of communication in the Turkish language and their corresponding expressions
Статья научная
The article attempts to describe the gestures used by the representatives of Turkish culture and to classify them by comparing them with Russian gestures. While analyzing gestures, the principle of lacunarity, the absence of a phenomenon in a comparable language, was taken into account. The material of the study was the observation of the process of communication of representatives of various cultures with native speakers of the Turkish language, an analysis of literature, from which one could draw descriptions of certain gestures, materials of modern media. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of two languages in an asynchronous context. The study of gestures led to the following results: 1) the vast majority of gestures are lacunas (which have no analogs in another culture) for a representative of Russian culture; 2) gestures close in execution have distinctive features that do not allow them to be equated to Russian gestures in full. The possible coincidence of gestures in the aspect of execution, an increase in the number of borrowed gestures from Western cultures, once again proves that it is a nonverbal culture that is a ‘living substance’, influenced by cultural and socio-political changes in society. Nevertheless, in spite of this, today it is possible to establish and describe purely Turkish gestures, which are an integral part of communication with representatives of Turkish culture.
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Numerical simulation of the effect of air velocity on fin heat dissipation
Статья научная
Fin has a good effect in strengthening heat dissipation, and the structure is simple, and it has been widely used in civil and industrial applications, such as radiators, automobile engine heat dissipation, air conditioning internal and external units, computer radiators and air preheaters of power station boilers. Based on the CFD numerical simulation method, the temperature change of the fin under different flow velocities is simulated. Result surface: When the calculation time is 100 seconds, when the air velocity is 0.5 m/s and 1 m/s, the heat dissipation of the fin is about 3.1℃ and 4.6℃ increasing than that at 0 m/s.
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Статья научная
Baffle heat exchanger is widely used in various production activities because of its simple design and strong adaptability, so the structural optimization of baffle heat exchanger is of great significance to engineering practice. COMSOL software was used to simulate the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with baffles. By comparing and analyzing the simulation results, we find that the temperature field and pressure field of baffle plate are distributed evenly; The existence of baffles leads to the transverse flow of air, which increases the heat exchange area. Another advantage of using baffles is that vibration due to fluid flow can be reduced.
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Numerical simulation research on cavitation flow of different fuels in diesel engine injectors
Статья научная
With the increasingly stringent requirements of diesel engine fuel consumption and pollutant emission, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of diesel engine fuel injection systems. Cavitation flow in diesel fuel injectors is an extremely important factor affecting spray characteristics. In this study, the occurrence of cavitation in the fuel injector nozzle and its impact on mass flow rate and vapor fraction at the outlet of the fuel injection hole are studied numerically for various fuels such as diesel, gasoline, ethanol and methanol. The results show that the mass flow rate of diesel is the highest and that of gasoline is the lowest. Methanol and gasoline have the highest vapor content, followed by ethanol, and then diesel with the lowest vapor phase. For mass flow, the mass flow is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the fuel, and for cavitation, the amount cavitation is inversely related to the viscosity of the fuel. This agrees with many researchers’ findings.
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Objectives of the penitentiary system: correction, resocialization, retraining
Статья научная
The article discusses the problems of the general goals of the penitentiary system as a leading element of its activities, forms a system of goal setting principles and requirements that must meet these goals, and analyzes its compliance with the goals and penalties of the Penal Code. The lack of clear scientifically based goals of the penitentiary system opens up vast opportunities for their further study.
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Objectivity in Historiography: A Comparative Analysis of Marxist and Postmodern Approaches
Статья научная
This article analyzes the problem of objectivity in historiography in a comparative way, within the context of Marxist and postmodern approaches. The aim of the study is to determine the place, possibilities, and limitations of objectivity in the approaches of both theoretical directions to the science of history. While Marxist historiography explains objectivity through the principles of class analysis and historical materialism, the postmodern approach emphasizes the relative and constructive nature of historical knowledge. The article presents the theoretical foundations of both directions, methodological differences, and critical views on the claims of objectivity. Also, the application of these approaches is compared using a specific historical event as an example. As a result, it is determined that the concept of objectivity in historiography is controversial and variable, and Marxist and postmodern theories approach this concept from different directions.
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Статья научная
Extraction of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. and analysis of its chemical composition were carried out. Samples of Thymus vulgaris L., widespread in the mountainous regions of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, were collected. After drying the obtained plant samples, the essential oil was obtained in laboratory conditions by hydrodistillation. The component composition of the obtained essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. was analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography. Based on the results, it was found that the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. contains α-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, carene, linal, caryophyllene, terpinene, citronellol, N,N-dimethylacetamide, alpha-terpineol, estragole, camphene, myrtenol, nerol, geraniol, camphor, citronellyl butyrate, alpha-terpenyl acetate, geranyl oleate, geranyl acetate, cedrol, thymol. The essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. has high chemical quality. The essential oil has the potential for use in pharmacology and cosmetology due to its antibacterial and antioxidant properties.
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Статья научная
The purpose of our research is to summarize information about oil, the use of various fractions of natural and synthetic petroleum acids (boiling away in the ranges of 125-175°C; 175-225°C; 125-225°C, the synthesis of their water-soluble complex salts with alkanolamines (mono-, di-, tri-) by the reaction of their interaction with monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine, determination of their IR spectra, melting point and refractive index, preparation of solutions with different percentage concentrations (0.05; 0.01; 0.005; 0.001; 0.0001% solutions), the study of the electrical conductivity of solutions, laboratory and field studies of these compounds as growth compounds for Triticum , Zea mays and Pisum sativum . First, the seeds are soaked in the appropriate solutions in Petri dishes. Then the seeds taken in a plastic container are planted into the ground in accordance with the depth of planting and the number of seeds. The degree of germination is calculated from the number of germinated seeds. To determine the effect of salt solutions on the growth dynamics of the aerial parts of plants and roots in laboratory conditions, observations and measurements are carried out for 14-15 days. At the next stage, experiments are carried out in the field and the final results are obtained. Comparing the obtained results of the effect of complex salt solutions synthesized on the basis of natural and synthetic petroleum acids on plants both with each other and with the control variant (that is, with seedlings obtained from seeds soaked in irrigation water), it is determined which complex salts have better effect on plant development.
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Статья научная
The purpose of this study is to consider the effectiveness of using interactive technologies in the process of teaching a foreign language at a higher educational institution. The principal result of our research is the analysis of the influence of using interactive techniques on acquiring communicative competence and personal development of students. The major conclusions estimate the significance of applying interactive technologies in learning process.
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On some issues of judicial practice in human trafficking cases
Статья научная
Human trafficking continues to be one of the serious problems of the modern world community. The authors made an attempt on the basis of a comprehensive study (legal analysis of the composition of human trafficking and the study of judicial practice) to identify problematic issues when considering cases of this category, in order to ensure uniform approaches and develop a legal position. Eighteen sentences posted in the public domain in the Judicial Cabinet service, reviewed by the country's courts from 2015 to 2022, were studied. The data of official statistics are analyzed, the latency of crimes related to human trafficking is noted. The “facets” of human trafficking as a legal phenomenon in the history of national criminal legislation are traced. As possible ways to increase the effectiveness of countering trafficking in persons, as well as bringing domestic legislation into line with international law, it is proposed to include in the dispositions of Articles 128, 135 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan an indication of the methods of committing crimes, differentiate the composition of trafficking in persons and trafficking in minors depending on the nature and purpose of the actions committed, systematically summarize judicial practice in cases of about human trafficking.
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On the Comparative Study of the Kyrgyz Epic “Manas” and the Ancient Indian Epic “Mahabharata”
Статья научная
The heroic epic Manas, due to its grand scale and fantastically rich content, as well as its artistic perfection, figurative expressiveness, and the wealth of both verbal and visual means, holds a well-deserved place among the outstanding monuments of the world’s epic heritage. Comparative analysis of Manas with other world epics contributes to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of its narrative and artistic features. According to researchers, in the Middle Ages, the ancestors of the Kyrgyz people were part of the Great Turkic Khaganate, which maintained cultural ties with many countries, including India. There are studies that confirm this historical connection. This article presents a comparative analysis of the great Indian epic Mahabharata (The Tale of the Great Bharata), translated by Nurgazy Kemelbaev and Kenesh Jusupov, and the work Tengir Manas in the version by Ashym Zhakypbekov. The study is aimed at identifying similarities and differences in the prose versions of these epic narratives. Examining typological parallels between the Indian epic Mahabharata and the Kyrgyz epic Manas allows for a deeper exploration of the originality of the latter, as each epic is a unique cultural monument shaped by the specific cultural, historical, and mental characteristics of its people.
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On the Study of the Genus Orobanche L.
Статья научная
The genus Orobanche L. (Orobanchaceae) is a taxonomically complex group of parasitic flowering plants with significant ecological and agricultural importance. Despite its diversity, systematic studies of Orobanche in the wild flora of Azerbaijan have been limited for over 60 years. This study provides an updated overview of the genus in Azerbaijan, integrating historical taxonomic knowledge with recent findings. A total of 59 species of Orobanche are currently recognized in Azerbaijan, with 29 species preserved in the herbarium of the Institute of Botany, Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The paper discusses the genus’s systematics, phylogeny, morphological characteristics, and distribution, highlighting the importance of field studies for accurate species identification. The results contribute to a better understanding of the diversity, ecological adaptations, and taxonomic status of Orobanche in the region.
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On the development history of the human names concept in English language and culture
Статья научная
Throughout the whole space of language, in every word, in its semantics, sentence structure and the organization of different types of discourse "one can detect the traces of man". Anthroponyms play a special role among the ways of linguistic representation of a person. In the article the authors investigate the history of the development of the concept of human names in English linguoculture.
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On the meaning of English in the education of future teachers
Статья научная
In this article, we would like to discuss the role of English as the global language and its impacts on our profession as English teachers. Foreign languages open doors to development and give access to international education. English has roles as both an international and a global language. As an international language, English has played a role as the tool of communication among people from different countries, in other words, English is used to bridge linguistic odd among people in international communities.
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On the satirical poetry school
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the views of Great Azerbaijan writer Mirza Ibragimov on satirical poetry in Azerbaijani Literature. The academician gave an extensive analysis of the satirical poetry of Mirza Alekper Sabir.
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Статья научная
The article presents data on the species belonging to the subfamily Ennominae (Geometridae) collected in the Greater Caucasus region within Azerbaijan. The distribution areas of 28 species belonging to 18 genera (Abraxas - 1 species, Ligadia - 1 species, Colotois - 1 species, Erannis - 1 species, Ennomos - 2 species, Semiothisa - 4 species, Thefrina - 2 species, Cabera - 2 species, Zamacra - 1 species, Gnophos - 2 species, Triphosa - 1 species, Emarturgia - 1 species, Selenio - 2 species, Campaeo - 1 species, Elicrinia - 1 species, Opistograptis - 1 species, Calospilos - 2 species) from the subfamily Ennominae of the family (Geometridae) of the Greater Caucasus were noted. Representatives of the subfamily Ennominae (Geometridae) were first noted for the Azerbaijani part of the Greater Caucasus region.
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Статья научная
For the first time, ontogenetic characteristics and coenopopulation status of a rare and endangered species of early spring flora Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. are presented. The growing area of this species in the northeastern part of the Lesser Caucasus near the village of Ashagi Dashkesan, Dashkesan district and Tovuz district, Esrik Jirdakhan, has been studied. Information about two populations of the species is provided and a comparative analysis is carried out. The largest number of individuals and average density were noted in CP 1, the smallest in CP 2. The restoration index and replacement index have the highest values in CP 2. According to the Δ and ω indicators, both coenopopulations belong to the adult type.
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Статья научная
The accommodation of renewable energy is driving the development of energy storage technology, and shared energy storage has gained widespread attention because of its decentralized nature. In the optimal scheduling of shared energy storage, the problem of benefit distribution among multiple subjects is faced, so a shared energy storage plant operation optimization method based on Nash bargaining theory is proposed. The article constructs a joint model of shared energy storage plants and industrial users, establishes the cooperative operation model of each operator based on Nash bargaining theory, equates this nonconvex nonlinear problem into two subproblems of system revenue maximization and power transaction payment bargaining according to the mean value inequality, and uses the alternating direction multiplier method to solve them in a distributed manner. The algorithm selects three typical industrial users to participate in the joint system of shared energy storage, and through comparative analysis before and after cooperative bargaining, it is concluded that the proposed optimization method can effectively improve the benefits of each subject, while promoting the accommodation of new energy.
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Optimal design of heating boilers
Статья научная
Instead of a regular flywheel, it is possible to install a lightweight, with a variable moment of inertia on the electric unit, which will accelerate faster, which means it is faster to enter the mode of the rated frequency of the generator output voltage. In a mode close to the nominal speed of rotation, the moment of inertia will increase sharply, which will allow more mechanical energy storage, which will not allow to slow down the speed of the internal combustion engine, so it is better to damp (smooth out) the low-frequency external disturbances from the side of the electrical network.
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Статья научная
The integrated energy system (IES) is an effective way to achieve the “carbon neutrality and emission peak” goal. In order to further explore the role of the adjustable potential of demand side on carbon emission reduction, an optimized operation model of IES considering the demand response under the carbon trading mechanism is proposed. Firstly, according to the characteristics of load response, the demand response is divided into two types: price-type and substitution-type. The price-type demand response model is established on the basis of price elasticity matrix, and the substitution-type demand response model is constructed by considering the conversion of electricity and heat. Secondly, base-line method is used to allocate free carbon emission quota for the system and considering the actual carbon emissions of gas turbine and gas boiler, a carbon trading mechanism for the IES is constructed. Finally, a low-carbon optimal operation model of IES is established, whose objective is to minimize the sum cost of energy purchase, cost of carbon transaction and cost of IES operation and maintenance. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified through four typical scenarios. By analyzing the sensitivity of demand response, heat distribution ratio of gas turbine and the operating state of the system under different carbon trading prices, it is found that reasonable allocation of price-type and substitution-type demand response and heat production ratio of gas turbine is beneficial to improve the operating economy of the system. Making reasonable carbon trading price can realize the coordination of system economy and low carbon.
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