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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 7772
Self-evaluation process as an important factor of quality assurance system
Статья научная
The system of internal evaluation and self-assessment, being the main part of ensuring the quality of education in higher education institutions, requires periodic monitoring and implementation of practical measures by the staff of the university. The proposed model of self-assessment within the framework of this study is significant with the fact that it was conducted in a higher educational institution. The fact that the elements and analysis were online and were posted on the website increases the practical importance of this scientific research. The proposed model for assessing education in a higher education institution is an auxiliary tool for the management of the university for analyzing and describing the general state of the institution and also serves to increase the participation of students, professors, teachers and representatives of production.
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Статья научная
This article studies the essence of the spatial adjectives in the English and Kyrgyz languages, investigate their semantic classifications on the examples taken from two languages. The paper does the literature review. Semantic peculiarities of spatial adjectives are analyzed. The relevance of the research is the studies of spatial adjectives describing in the English and Kyrgyz languages. The article uses lexica-semantic analysis of spatial adjectives.
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Semantics and internet language
Статья научная
In this article the following topics have been under the discussion: the developmental stage of the relatively new field - semiotics, its relationship with the other traditional branches of linguistics, three modes with some relevant examples, the role of signs in the modern way of communication medium, opinions and expectations of several researchers about this constantly modernizing process.
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Статья научная
Azerbaijan is known as one of the oldest sheep breeding countries. The natural and geographical conditions of Azerbaijan had a special impact on the creation and development of animal husbandry, especially sheep breeding. At that time, the tribes living in Azerbaijan were engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding, which led to great changes in their way of life. During this period, although people lived collectively, the main place in cattle breeding, especially in caring for it and feeding it, was occupied by men. In 1953, the animal breeders of the Nekhram village of the Nakhchivan (Babek) district purchased 2618 lambs from 2580 ewes. In general, based on the materials of the Babek and Shahbuz districts of the Nakhchivan region, it can be seen from the studies of the first half of the 20th century that, although for certain reasons there were certain difficulties in the development of sheep breeding in these districts until the 1920s, great success was achieved after 1920 with the creation of favorable conditions, success was achieved, and sheep breeding played a large role in meeting the financial needs of the population.
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Shrines and the formation of the historical topography of Bukhara
Статья научная
This article discusses various aspects related to the formation of Bukhara, including its urban composition, arch and rabad structures typical of medieval cities, the development of guzars, and the historical topography of sacred shrines. It also analyzes the involvement of these holy shrines in the establishment of guzars, their spatial relationships, and their evolution as crucial elements in the historical topography of Bukhara.
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Significance of English abbreviations in the field of dentistry
Статья научная
The article analyzes abbreviations in English used in today’s rapidly developing field of dentistry. The density and the complexity of this process determine the urgency of the problem, creating the need to resort to a careful study of abbreviations. How important it is not to make mistakes in the spelling of abbreviations; otherwise, it can lead to misunderstandings in determining the meaning of the word. In the dental profession, abbreviations are not only convenient but also essential for conveying complex information quickly. However, the article highlights the critical importance of accuracy in spelling these abbreviations. Errors in abbreviation usage can lead to misunderstandings about procedures, medications, and diagnoses, which may jeopardize patient safety. Moreover, the article discusses the implications of inconsistencies in abbreviation usage across different regions and dental practices. It explores how varying interpretations can arise from local jargon or outdated terminology, potentially creating barriers to effective communication among dental professionals.The article also suggests best practices for the adoption of standardized abbreviations within dental education and professional training. By promoting awareness and understanding of commonly used abbreviations, dental practitioners can enhance clarity in documentation, reduce the risk of errors, and foster better communication with patients and colleagues alike. Ultimately, this careful study of abbreviations serves as a foundation for improving overall efficiency and safety in dental practice.
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Significance of intentional analysis in fiction literature
Статья научная
Intentional analysis is a crucial tool for understanding the complexities of fiction literature. This article delves into the significance of intentional analysis in unraveling the underlying meanings and authorial intentions in works of fiction. Through an examination of various literary theories and critical approaches, this article seeks to elucidate the value of intentional analysis in interpreting and appreciating fiction literature.
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Signs of the verbs movement in the Kyrgyz and Russian languages
Статья научная
This article discusses the semantics of movement verbs in Kyrgyz and Russian languages in a comparative typological aspect. One of the main lexical-semantic groups of the semantic system of the verb are the verbs of movement. Verbs of movement - one of the main semantic varieties of the substantive aspect of the verb. They occupy a prominent place in the semantic side of the language. Therefore, the relevance of the study in the multi-structural languages of the semantic system of motion verbs is very rich in meanings and shades of meanings. The basis of the lexical meaning is a concept that, however, is not identical with the meaning. The lexical meanings of words can be close to each other, for example, the verbs of the movement “выйти” - “go out, go out” and “уйти” - “go away, go away, go away” and may not have any connections with each other at all, for example, “прийти” - “come, come” and “спать” - “sleep”, “идти” - “walk, go” and “жениться” - “get married”, “думать” - “think” such examples are reflected. In addition, it was noted since the lexical meaning consists of two components - the significative and denotative, they are essentially characteristic of the verbs of movement.
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Signs, causes, fighting apple diseases
Статья научная
Numerous diseases often damage apples in home orchards each year. These include fly agaric and sooty mold, summer blight, black rot, powdery mildew, and cedar apple rust. This article discusses the signs, causes, progression, treatment, and preventive measures for several apple tree diseases. Some infections attack the tree roots in the fall, but symptoms do not appear until the following spring, when the tree can no longer absorb enough water and nutrients to continue growing. Disease control in apple orchards is difficult due to the lack of effective chemical treatments. Preventive measures can help control these diseases.
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Similarities and differences of Kyrgyz and Kara-Kalpak epics
Статья научная
The article provides a comparative historical analysis of the similarities and differences of the epics of the Kyrgyz and Kara-Kalpak peoples, which have not been forgotten and preserved for centuries. After all, in the epics of both peoples, the way of life, spiritual and moral knowledge in the upbringing of youth, historical events, philosophical views that make up the formation of personality were formed in accordance with the awareness of the national mentality. If we consider the issue in this form, then today epics are not given such attention. Therefore, our goal, firstly, is to reveal that in the past centuries the potential of the population in continuing teaching and training was very high thanks to the best methodologies of spiritual and moral education of young people through folk epics. Secondly, in order to popularize and preserve folk epics in modern society, it is necessary to organize special courses and classes on their teaching. After all, epics contain history, ethnography, philosophy, traditional knowledge folklore of the whole people.
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Simplification and verification of o-xylene fuel mechanism
Статья научная
The increasing demand for energy due to economic globalization has led to the exploration of different types of fuels, including aromatic hydrocarbon fuels. Xylene is an essential aromatic hydrocarbon fuel and an important component of kerosene. This study employs the error propagation directed relationship diagram (DRGEP) and sensitivity analysis (SA) to simplify the reaction mechanism of o-xylene. The ignition delay time and laminar flame velocity predicted by the fuel mechanism under different w375orking conditions are compared with pre-simplified experimental data. The study proposes a mechanism consisting of 298 reactions and 64 components to describe the combustion reaction of xylene. The simplified mechanism's ability to reproduce experimental results is assessed, and the results reveal that the simplified mechanism effectively reproduces the experimental results, indicating its potential usefulness in practical applications. This study has significant implications for the development of more efficient and sustainable energy sources. By providing insights into the combustion behavior of xylene, researchers can develop more accurate models for predicting the performance of this fuel under a range of conditions. This, in turn, can inform the development of new technologies that can help meet the growing demand for energy in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the combustion behavior of xylene, highlighting its potential as a sustainable energy source and offering a potential avenue for further research in this field.
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Simulation analysis of non-concentric squeeze film damper
Статья научная
Squeeze film dampers are components that provide additional damping for rotating motors. In general, in order to achieve the best results of the squeeze film damper, it is necessary to appropriately increase the damping value, reduce the stiffness and set a reasonable eccentricity. In the process of designing the squeeze film damper, we can apply the rotor dynamics module of COMSOL software to model and simulate it, so as to achieve better simulation results and lay a foundation for the subsequent development and design of the product. In COMSOL software, in order to simplify the modeling of rotor components, we usually model squeeze film dampers based on the damping coefficient. The model calculates the damping coefficient for a short squeeze film damper and compares the results with the analytically calculated values. In addition, the damping coefficient depends on the position of the journal in the damper, i.e., the magnitude of the eccentricity. In this paper, by analyzing the dimensionless damping coefficient, bearing stiffness, journal displacement, and fluid load at different eccentricity, and plotting the fluid pressure distribution and the average oil film flow rate of the squeeze film damper, we can find the most suitable range of eccentricity and the damage-prone part of the damper, which can provide an important reference for the actual design of the squeeze film damper.
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Статья научная
The quality of the control system depends on various factors such as the characteristics of the controlled object, the control scheme, the form and size of interference, etc. In a control system where the characteristics of the object and the hardware and software have been basically determined, the control quality of the system depends on the control algorithm. The control algorithm will make the motion process control have better speed, accuracy and stability. The study of control law is an important part of the control system design of the entire six-degree-of-freedom test bench. The characteristics of the controlled object and the existence of interference in this control system require the designed control law to have the characteristics of strong robustness, certain intelligence, and easy implementation, so as to achieve stable and precise control of the system and achieve the control indicators required by the system. The control strategy of this six-degree-of-freedom test bench adopts Fuzzy PID control, which combines fuzzy theory with the mature traditional PID control theory and uses fuzzy theory to tune the three control parameters of PID to form a parameter self-tuning Fuzzy PID control Device. The Fuzzy PID control strategy is simulated by MATLAB simulation software.
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Simulation of ship trajectory in waves based on STAR-CCM+
Статья научная
The reliable ship motion trajectory signal provides a basis for six-degree-of-freedom test bench to simulate ship motion in waves. The characteristics of ship motion in waves were analyzed. Aiming at the problem of complex hull shape and large displacement at sea, the dynamic overlapping grid technique was used. Based on STAR-CCM+, the free surface was solved by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation method. The numerical model of ship motion in waves was established, and the DFBI (Dynamic Fluid Body Interaction) method was used to simulate the ship motion in the waves. The ship’s motion trajectory was obtained in the regular and irregular heading waves, which provides important support for the six-degree-of-freedom test bench wave simulation system.
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Simulation of waste heat recovery from ship boiler exhaust gas
Статья научная
The heat pipe type waste heat recovery system can effectively reduce energy consumption when the ship is sailing in a polar region, so it has great engineering application value. In order to improve the design of the heat pipe waste heat recovery system and ensure that the design parameters meet the design requirements, this project has carried out a three-dimensional simulation analysis of the internal flow field of the heat pipe waste heat recovery system. Through reasonable model processing, application of boundary conditions, and the assignment of physical attributes the flow field characteristics of the key positions of the heat pipe type waste heat recovery system were obtained scientifically and effectively. The model was simulated and calculated, and the flue gas temperature distribution in the evaporator heat exchange tube, the overall temperature distribution of the waste heat recovery system, and the temperature change curve from the cold water entering the condenser to the steady state were obtained. The change curve of the thermal efficiency of the system during the temperature of the flue gas from the evaporator to the steady state.
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Статья научная
Recently, more and more scholars have devoted themselves to researching new methods of vibration reduction and noise reduction by manipulating the elastic waves in the structure to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction. To this end, a new type of ‘acoustic black hole’ structure is proposed, which reduces structural vibration while avoiding problems such as mass increase. In this paper, the vibration damping performance of the structure is mainly calculated by finite element software, and the energy concentration effect of the thin plate containing the acoustic black hole is verified by finite element analysis. A thin plate structure with four acoustic black holes is proposed. The calculation shows that the structure has obvious vibration reduction effect, and the vibration reduction effect can reach more than 20dB at high frequency.
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Situation on environmental protection in Uzbekistan in 1950-1980-ies
Статья научная
In the given article are considered the problems of environmental protection situation in Uzbekistan in 50-80s of the XX century. In the article are Enlighted the processes of environmental protection in Uzbekistan in 1950-1990-ies, worsening of ecological environment, its influence to social and economical life. In the article is noted that in the Soviet period the infrastructure of the republic oriented to the raw material couldn’t require to national economy. The raw character of production strength and their development led to not rational use of natural material, in the condition of deficiency of the final products led to the wide production of agricultural raw material. There were arisen social and ecological problems of water and land resources use. Under the influence of such factors was damaged the balance of “nature-population-national economy” system. There was made inreperable harm to many important vital interests. There was analized the influence of negative ecological situation to social and economical life at the example of Aral Sea and Aral Sea region problem. In the process of the work was obtained the information which in the sphere of environmental protection in 60s of the XX century Nature conservation society started its activity, in the last years by regulatory bodies of the republic was adopted number of important decisions on its activity improvement. On this basis, it was taken into public control the implementation of laws for nature protection, carried out complex measures on environmental protection and its improvement. However, these shortcomings in the work, as a formality, the pursuit of numbers reduced its effectiveness. Founded in 1988, State committee for nature protection began a new stage in environmental protection.
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Статья научная
The article deals with changes in situational excitemen level of the examination process in I and IV courses depending on the temperament of the nervous system. The research was conducted 2 months before the exam, 30 minutes before the exam and 30 minutes after the exam. Before starting the study, the temperament types of the nervous system of young people were studied. Situational anxiety of young people of different temperament types (emotional stress) was determined by a score system in three different situations: on normal days, before the exam and after the exam. The situational alarm was determined by an express version of the test questionnaire according to the Spielberg. It was found that at all stages, first- and fourth-year students had an insignificant difference between the types in situational excitemen level. Also, the difference between groups was not statistically reliable. In addition, the indicators of phlegmatic, choleric and sanguine types of situational excitemen level in the 4th year students changed statistically reliable in comparison with normal days. At the same age, the phlegmatic and sanguine types of situational excitemen level in after the exam were statistically reliable compared to normal days. In the IV course traps, the indicators of the phlegmatic type are statistically reliable in comparison with before the exam and after the exam situational excitemen level.
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Smart counters for implementation in integrated smart grid
Статья научная
This article discusses the concept of Smart Grid and its elements, in particular, smart counters are considered that are an integral part of the intelligent power system, since these counters not only read the consumed electricity but also collect data, transmit and monitor information.
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Social and Pedagogical Foundations of Preparing Girls for Family Life in Uzbekistan
Статья научная
The article analyzes the relevance of preparing girls for family life, highlighting the social, moral, and pedagogical aspects of this process. The author substantiates the need to enhance women’s social activity, ensure their social integration, and prepare them to build strong families based on national values. Historical sources, including the Avesta and Uzbek folk traditions, are examined to reveal the roots of girls’ upbringing. The study reviews the scientific views of pedagogical scholars and presents conclusions about the growing social activity, independence, and interest of adolescent girls in family values. In conclusion, the author proposes the development of targeted pedagogical programs to make the preparation of girls for family life more effective.
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