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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
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Все статьи: 7472
Some specifications of diesel engine running on gaseous fuel
Статья научная
The paper dwells on the effectiveness the transition of diesel transport-energy equipment to the alternative gaseous fuel, as well as its specific design features. There is justified the possibility of the ignition of a gaseous fuel mixture through the assessment of dosing of the explosive charge, and its influence on the functioning of the process of a gas-air mixture combustion. There are also described the possible positive phenomena, which have sprung during the operation on gaseous fuel.
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Source studies and historiography of the economic situation of the Azerbaijan SSR (1920-1927)
Статья научная
The first half of the 1920s is an extremely interesting and at the same time complex and contradictory period in the history of Azerbaijan. During this period, the April Revolution, which determined the historical fate of our people for the next 70 years of the 20th century, took place, our country lost its state independence, and radical changes began in all spheres of social-political, socio-economic, cultural and spiritual life. During the writing of the article, rich source archival materials were used, first of all, the State Archive of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Archive of Political Documents of the Office of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Scientific Archive of the History Institute named after A. A. Bakikhanov of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. The problem of the economic situation of the Azerbaijan SSR is one of the problems that the researchers of the relevant period paid special attention to, both in the historiography of the Soviet era and in the historiography of the Motherland during the years of independence. During the writing of the historiography section of the studied problem, the works of those researchers were widely used.
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South Caucasus transport corridor and potential for its development
Статья научная
The South Caucasus, as an energy-intensive region and transport corridor linking the markets of Asia and Europe, has long played an important strategic role in the trade, economic and political context of East-West relations. Within the framework of economic cooperation between the states of the Caucasus, the creation of a single automated information system for the customs control of transit is necessary for the exchange of information on goods and vehicles in real time. The implementation of these approaches will facilitate the effective utilization of transit potential of the South Caucasus Transport Corridor.
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Статья научная
Harnessing and further development of the transit potential of Georgia are closely linked to the country’s overall socio-economic development, effective use of its advantageous transport-geographical location and, in general, the successful functioning of the Eurasian transport corridor. The growth in the volumes of freight flows and increasing competitiveness in the transport corridor, along with other factors, depends on the effective work of customs services of the countries located across the corridors. The establishment and implementation of a Single Automated System of Customs Clearance and Control of Transit Goods will be a step forward in effective management and control of transit procedures, which will significantly reduce the time of customs clearance of transit goods and contribute to the reduction of financial costs of the economic operators.
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Special protection of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic natural areas
Статья научная
The presented article provides information on specially protected natural areas of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The environmental strategy implemented under the leadership of Heydar Aliyev since the 70s of the last centuries is successfully continuing in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic today. The article also pays special attention to the beauty of the nature of Nakhchivan and the potential of ecotourism. As a result of the research, it was found that in the past period, in order to improve the environmental situation and protect biodiversity, the negative impact on the environment was minimized, and modern technologies were used in economic development. Specially protected natural territories have been created to protect the flora and fauna species of the territories that fascinate with aesthetic beauty, ecological balance, protection and restoration of biodiversity, the uniqueness of the natural environment, rare and endangered species. The article also contains detailed information about the territories of the Ordubad State Nature Reserve, Ordubad National Park, Shahbuz State Nature Reserve, Arpachay State Nature Reserve and Arazboyu State Nature Reserve, their geographical position, flora and fauna species listed in the Red Book. also reflected. Created and protected reserves, reserves and parks are also of particular importance in terms of visibility when conducting production experiments for high school students.
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Specialization of phytophages of tree crops, their development and role, population management
Статья научная
The article discusses 80% of pests found in the orchards of Tashkent and Samarkand regions, their species composition, damage to trees and their parasites, as well as their populations, which cause particularly significant damage here. The number of predatory and parasitic entomophages is a major area of study. Environmental factors have a sufficient impact on the reproduction and development of forests. Due to the high relative humidity of the air, this environment becomes unfavorable for the development of certain insect species. In the forest, on ornamental trees, there is an abundance of natural insects that cause the destruction of plants. In this case, pests are leading. A decrease in the amount of water in a tree trunk is favorable for the development of phytophages.
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Species of the Brassicaceae Burnett. Family for the Flora of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan
Статья научная
The species of the Brassicaceae family of the flora of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan are considered. The flora of the region is characterized by 28 species belonging to 16 genera of this family. There are monotypic genera that are found only in the flora of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan: Aethionema R.Br., Alyssum L., Arabidopsis (DC.) Heynh., Arabis L., Atropatenia F.K. Mey., Asperuginoides Rauschert, Coluteocarpus Boiss., Cymatocarpus O.E. Schultz, Drabopsis C. Koch, Diptychocarpus Trautv., Erysimum L., Fibigia Medik., Isatis L., Peltariopsis N. Busch, Litwinowia Woronow and Sterigmostemum Bieb. Bioecological characteristics of these species are given.
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Species of the Onobrychis genus as promising species of Azerbaijan flora
Статья научная
One of the tasks of pharmacy is to find affordable raw materials for herbal medicines. The studies were conducted in Azerbaijan. The results of the studies indicate that Onobrychis species are a rich source of β-arbutin. Arbutin (4-hydroxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside), a monoglycoside form of hydroxyquinone, has been used in the field of cosmetology for several decades due to its effectiveness in the treatment of hyperpigmentation and removal of freckles. Onobrychis species are of significant ecological and economic importance, and also demonstrate intriguing therapeutic properties that have attracted attention in the field of medicine. The presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenols, which are known for their antioxidant properties, is another noteworthy aspect. Antioxidants play a crucial role in neutralizing harmful free radicals in the body, which are involved in a wide range of diseases and the aging process. Onobrychis has anti-inflammatory properties. It is well known that inflammation is a common factor in many chronic diseases. Plants have antimicrobial, immunostimulating, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, gastrointestinal tract normalizing and vascular wall strengthening properties. The study of Onobrychis opens up potential prospects in the field of creating natural products.
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Статья научная
Article discusses the concept of digitalization, its role and importance in the development of the electrical engineering industry. The essence of the digital transformation process, the strategy of applying this process to the activities of enterprises and ways of implementing this strategy, including the introduction of modern information systems and software products improvement of the quality of products and services, trends in the development of electrical engineering products in the industry were discussed.
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Статья научная
Shahbuz region, considered the “flora museum” of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, occupies a special place in the Autonomous Republic due to the richness of its biodiversity, especially the diversity of flora species. In fact, this richness is due to the many species contained in the flora of the region, including wild vegetables, honey and nectar plants, medicinal plants, as well as essences, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, grafting agents, etc. Medicinal plants are of particular importance in this wealth. Some plant raw materials contain bioactive compounds with a wide range of effects, and the study and application of various substances in these mixtures, especially flavonoids, has always been the focus of scientific attention. Particularly, the high biological activity of flavonoids, their broader pharmacological effects and abundance in the plant kingdom should be considered as the main reasons for conducting research. A number of flavonoids have antibacterial effects. Thanks to their antioxidant properties, flavonoids protect the body from harmful environmental influences. In particular, the use of these substances in medicine and cosmetics, the pharmaceutical and food industries leads to a further increase in interest in them. Considering that the species Scrophularia nodosa L., widespread in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Region, including the Shahbuz region, is rich in flavonoids, qualitative analyzes were carried out to prove the presence of flavonoids in Scrophularia nodosa , and the amount of flavonoids was determined by the spectrophotometric method. As a result of laboratory studies, the total amount of flavonoids, determined by spectrophotometric method in the form of Scrophularia nodosa L., was 5,58%.
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Spring flora of the northeast part of the Lesser Caucasus and its classification
Статья научная
The article discusses the geobotanical classification of some species of spring flora formed in the north-eastern region of the Lesser Caucasus in Azerbaijan, vegetation types, phytocenosis and the composition of the flora, morphological structure and distribution of associations. The spring vegetation of the study area is relatively poorly studied. As a result of the research, it was found that the spring flora is dominated by annual and perennial grasses. Also, in order to determine the geographical structure of the species during the research, a comparative analysis of the geographical elements, including the habitat types of the species, was conducted.
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Stages of implementing differentiated instruction in the English language classroom
Статья научная
Educators understand that every student has unique gifts and challenges, interests, talents and learning styles. Differentiation and individualization of learning have repeatedly become the subject of research in pedagogy. Differentiated instruction is a practice that helps teachers understand how each child learns best. The article is devoted to the problem of gradual use of differentiated approach in teaching a foreign language. The authors describe the main stages of implementation of differentiated approach. The article also describes the history of this approach. Advantages and disadvantages of using this approach were also presented.
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Stages of phenological development of the Magnolia L. some species in Absheron
Статья научная
The article analyzes the stages of phenological development of 3 species of the genus Magnolia L. In the research work, the biology of leafing, budding, flowering, fruit-bearing of some species belonging to the genus Magnolia in Absheron conditions was studied on a scientific basis. The vegetation period of the species we studied was studied and climatic factors that positively or negatively affected this period were studied. The studied species were divided into groups according to the onset of flowering and the duration of this period. Thus, the entry and duration of Magnolia L. species in the Absheron region depends on the meteorological and climatic factors of the region where they are introduced, especially the air temperature and relative humidity.
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State and business: development of social infrastructure and performance of it in Uzbekistan
Статья научная
The article focuses on the importance of cooperation between state and business to develop social infrastructure. As well as, it is discussed features and condition of entrepreneurship in the social sphere in Uzbekistan. Meanwhile word economy is showing global appearance, many countries all over the world, particularly developing ones face to some problems in terms of lack of social infrastructure. In this case, it can be seen poor condition of recreation facilities, wearisome forms of nutrition, health care, science and education, as well as, other social spheres need to be reconstructed or repaired. The existence of these problems can lead to a decline in the living standards of the society and cause to social irresponsibility. Therefore, in this case, elimination such social and economic tension and prevention of it is considered as one of the main tasks of the state. In contemporary situation of the world, it is known that upgrading countries economy with private capital plays a central role in the economy of both developed and developing countries. In particular, the state can create a number of socio-economic conditions by using ability of private sector and through this, private enterprises serve as a provider of social needs to ensure effective market economy. In recent years, private sector has shown as a main force of increasing income of countries, at the same time it has become the main provider of financing and developer of social infrastructure.
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State policy for the prevention of preterm birth implemented by the leading foreign countries
Статья научная
Early marriage and pregnancy have long been recognized as significant social factors that hinder the formation of a healthy generation. This paper examines the negative impacts of early marriage and pregnancy on both the individual and the community. The practice of early marriage, defined as marriage before the age of 18, is prevalent in many cultures and is often driven by economic, social, and cultural factors. The consequences of early marriage and pregnancy are numerous and multifaceted. The physical health of young mothers is often compromised due to the high risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. In addition, child brides are more likely to experience sexual and physical violence and suffer from mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. The effects of early marriage and pregnancy also extend beyond the individual and have significant social and economic implications.
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Statistical analyses of tourism in Uzbekistan: an empirical test of tourism A-B-C (T-ABC) model
Статья научная
We empirically test the relationship between tourism performance and multiple tourism dimensions, namely, tourism Attractions (A), Basics (B), and Context (C). We test the Tourism A-B-C model using data from regions of Uzbekistan. The results serve to state out major trends, which focus on further research on this topic globally, and also they might be useful in diversifying interventions to improve the impacts in the tourism industry advancement.
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Strategies how to write essays
Статья научная
This article discusses the essential strategies in writing academic essays. An essay is a composition made up of several paragraphs. Each of these paragraphs has a collection of connected sentences on a given topic.
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Structural changes in Peganum harmala L. induced by gamma radiation
Статья научная
For the first time, the qualitative and quantitative alkaloid composition of Peganum harmala L. was thoroughly studied by identifying IR and radiothermoluminescence spectra. In order to identify alkaloids, a new combined and improved IR spectroscopy and radiothermoluminescence methods with high resolution were proposed. It is shown that the content and ratio of different types of alkaloids in the stems and seeds of P.Harmala differ significantly. More precisely, harmine prevails in the seeds, and peganine in the stems. In terms of the content and ratio of alkaloid components, P. harmala growing in the Absheron has a number of advantages compared to the same plants growing in the Masalli and Ismailli regions. It was found that when P. Harmala samples were irradiated, the IR spectra were transformed. More precisely, in the region of small doses (0.5
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Structural stability and socio-economic security of the hierarchical system
Статья научная
The financial and economic macro-system mixes different hierarchical structures: functional, sectoral, territorial. Its hierarchical structure has the ability to be different from the hierarchical structure of the organization - the micro level segment. Socioeconomic security of the highest value of the hierarchy is an array of criteria and points that ensure the freedom of the country’s economy, its strength and stability, the capacity for constant renewal and self-improvement. Socioeconomic security of any country is an important high-quality feature of the financial and economic system of the state, which determines its ability to maintain the normal circumstances of life of the population, to ensure the provision of resources for the establishment of the economy, and, in addition, to ensure the national and state interests. Social and economic security guarantees stable financial and economic growth, sufficient provision of social needs, effective management, protection of financial and economic interests at the state and global levels. Socioeconomic security of the lowest value of the hierarchy (enterprise) - a provision of its security from the adverse effects of external and internal hazards, destabilizing moments, which guarantees the stable implementation of financial and economic interests and goals of the work.
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Статья научная
This article has been investigated and evaluated by studying the specification of anatomical structure of the sort samples of tomatoes. Studies have shown that anatomical indicators mainly have a great importance in learning of drought resistance, determining the origins of the different varieties, choosing of hybrid plants in selection work of the size and number of stomata, and total thickness of the leaves. Studying of anatomical characters of tomato sort samples and hybrids plants has shown that learning of the total thickness of the leaf and the size of number of stomata has a certain importance in selection of hybrid plants. It is defined that in sort samples which their cuticle layer is thick, water evaporation decreases, and they become resistible to illness. So, the sample of Volgograd 5/95, 82 and 90 in upper epidermis and the sample of 93 in lower epidermis were differed for the thickness of cuticle layer. As results of studies, it has been identified that chlorenchyma present in the sort samples predominant for differing according to the total thickness of the leaf. Moreover, studying of the leaf cells has shown that the evaporation of water is higher in the leaves which the number of stomatas is more, and the epidermis cells are few, for that reason, the leaves of Solanum pimpinellifolium L. (wild form) are in thin needle shaped in order to reduce the transpiration. Exactly for this reason, it’s recommended to use the wild form as a donor in conducting the future selection work.
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