Статьи журнала - Ekonomski signali
Все статьи: 302
Strategijski koncepti menadžment sistema
Статья научная
Rad ima za cilj da prezentuje suštinu različitih koncepata strategijskog upravljanja. Ne postoji najbolji koncept, niti univerzalna formula strategijskog upravljanja. Adekvatno strategijsko reagovanje na izazove iz okruženja zahteva često u praksi kombinaciju različitih koncepata strategijskog upravljanja.
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Strategijski pravci i principi politike regionalnog razvoja
Статья научная
Regionalne neravnomernosti u Srbiji predstavljaju problem koji ima duboke istorijske korene. Područje teritorije Republike Srbije karakteriše veoma široka i razuđena međuregionalna diferencijacija. Nedovoljno razvijena područja predstavljaju ograničavajući faktor bržeg privrednog i sveukupnog razvoja, kako tih regiona, tako i celokupne nacionalne ekonomije. Problemi regionalnih neravnomernosti zahtevaju kontinuiranu, sistematičnu i dugoročnu regionalnu politiku. Smanjenje regionalnih neravnomernosti treba da predstavlja prioritet u definisanju i sprovođenju svih budućih regionalnih politika, pa je osnovni cilj ovog rada da ukaže na moguće strategijske pravce i principe naše regionalne politike.
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Strateško planiranje lokalne ekonomske zajednice
Статья научная
Autori razmatraju osnovne pristupe u formulisanju metodologije koja se koristi za strateško planiranje razvoja. U tom smislu se definišu pojmovna razgraničenja i različiti pristupi lokalnom strateškom planiranju. Na toj osnovi se zatim autori zadržavaju na nekoliko važnih faza koje predstavljaju etape izrade strateškog plana razvoja. Takođe, u radu se pravi osvrt na potrebne aktivnosti koje slede nakon izrade strateškog plana razvoja, koje imaju za cilj da se realnost konačnog strateškog dokumenta proveri.
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Strukturno prilagođavanje za održivost savremenog turizma
Статья научная
Snažna ekspanzija turizma od druge polovine 20. veka sve više ugrožava prirodne, kulturne i društvene vrednosti turistističkih odredišta, naročito tradicionalnih destinacija masovnog turizma. Na globalnom nivou, rešenje se traži u formulisanju osnovnih ciljeva i principa održivog turizma i sredstava za njihovu implementaciju. Na tim osnovama razvio se niz novih oblika turizma, nazvanih alternativni turizam. Na drugoj strani, preduzimaju se mere za uvođenje održivosti u proizvode masovnog turizma, koji i dalje predstavlja najveći tržišni segment. Ekonomski, društveni i ekološki aspekti održivog razvoja moraju zadovoljiti interese svih interesnih grupa (eng. stakeholders). Partnerstva među stejkholderima2 postavljaju se kao ključni preduslov održivog razvoja turizma.
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Sustainability of Serbian Public Debt in regard to Economic Crisis
Статья научная
Despite the considerably low share of public debt-to-GDP in Serbia relative to EU average, rapid increase in indebtedness since global crisis has emerged, as well as Greek debt crisis experience, raise the questions about Serbian public debt sustainability and possibility of “Greek scenario” occurrence. In this paper we analyze mid-term sustainability of Serbian public debt in regard to the DSA methodology of IMF for Market Access Countries taking into account main contributing variables of public debt growth. We conclude that Serbia obviously not in the position to significantly improve its public finance in the years to follow and thus do not have considerable options to avoid the new increase in debt-to-GDP ratio if the second wave of crisis emerged. However, with regards to the analysis of dynamics of variables that contribute to debt growth, it is encouraging that experience of “Greek scenario” for Serbia is not probable scenario in the medium-run, although in the long-run without cutting public finance expenditures and decreasing in the level of debt denominated in foreign currency unsustainable path of public debt dynamic could become reality.
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Synergy between the circular economy and 3D printing
Статья научная
The circular economy is the antithesis of the linear economy. Circular products are designed so that they can be easily reused, disassembled, repaired, or recycled. In the 3D printing sector, there are numerous initiatives to develop manufacturing processes where waste is reused and repurposed, thus reducing the environmental impact of additive manufacturing. It is necessary that all actors participating in the design and production process respect the principles of the sustainable production model and the maximization of the efficiency of processes and materials. 3D printing can facilitate circularity at various stages: production, maintenance, reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling. The aim of the paper is to point out the synergy between the circular economy and 3D printing, with a focus on the contributions of 3D printing to the circular economy.
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Team and teamwork in the function of effective management
Статья научная
An unavoidable part of organizational life and management is teamwork. The goal of forming and using teams is to realize certain jobs and work tasks, to achieve or contribute to the achievement of certain results and thus the effective achievement of defined organizational goals. Only an effective team can contribute to the effectiveness of management. For these reasons, the subject of the paper is to consider the characteristics of the team and teamwork, the advantages and disadvantages of the use of teams and the effectiveness issue of the team itself. The aim of the paper is to point out the possibilities that the use of the team can provide, and also the obstacles it can bring, in order to recognize the ways of achieving and improving the effectiveness of the team.
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Tehnološki razvoj i znanje kao izvori povećanja konkurentske prednosti u Srbiji
Статья научная
Danas u eri znanja konkurentsku prednost privrede baziraju na tehnološkom razvoju i inovativnosti, kao i na iskorišćavanju potencijalnih šansi i mogućnosti za čiju je realizaciju neophodno znanje. Stalnim ulaganjem u ljudski kapital povećava se produktivnost, zaposlenost i dobija se direktan izvor inovacija i dugoročne konkurentnosti. Ljudski resursi i njihovo znanje predstavljaju ključ uspeha za privredu i preduzeća, dok nekompetenta radna snaga predstavlja jednu od najznačajnijih kočnica u njihovom poslovanju. Razvoj konkurentnosti na domaćem i inostranom tržištu, postao je imperativ za razvoj savremene privrede. U suštini, znanje predstavlja kapitalizaciju inovacije kroz stvaranje novog proizvoda, usluge, procesa ili oznaka, ali koja nema vrednost i značaja, ako nije komercijalizovana na tržištu. Cilj rada je da ukaže na nivo konkurentnosti privrede Srbije, značajne promene koje se dešavaju u tom pravcu i stepen lakoće poslovanja u Srbiji koji treba da doprinese povećanju produktivnosti rada.
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Tehnološki razvoj i znanje kao izvori povećanja konkurentske prednosti u Srbiji
Статья научная
Danas u eri znanja konkurentsku prednost privrede baziraju na tehnološkom razvoju i inovativnosti, kao i na iskorišćavanju potencijalnih šansi i mogućnosti za čiju je realizaciju neophodno znanje. Stalnim ulaganjem u ljudski kapital povećava se produktivnost, zaposlenost i dobija se direktan izvor inovacija i dugoročne konkurentnosti. Ljudski resursi i njihovo znanje predstavljaju ključ uspeha za privredu i preduzeća, dok nekompetenta radna snaga predstavlja jednu od najznačajnijih kočnica u njihovom poslovanju. Razvoj konkurentnosti na domaćem i inostranom tržištu, postao je imperativ za razvoj savremene privrede. U suštini, znanje predstavlja kapitalizaciju inovacije kroz stvaranje novog proizvoda, usluge, procesa ili oznaka, ali koja nema vrednost i značaja, ako nije komercijalizovana na tržištu. Cilj rada je da ukaže na nivo konkurentnosti privrede Srbije, zanačajne promene koje se dešavaju u tom pravcu i stepen lakoće poslovanja u Srbiji koji treba da doprinese povećanju produktivnosti rada.
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Tendencije u oblikovanju marketing strategije održivog razvoja u budućnosti
Статья научная
Preduzeće koje je tržišno orijentisano stalno je u procesu prilagođavanja i zadovoljavanja potreba potrošača, ekonomije i društva. Okruženje je složen i dinamičan sistem, koji uključuje demografske, ekonomske, prirodne, tehnološke, pravno-političke i socio-kulturne faktore, uključujući aktuelna pitanja današnjice, kao što su globalizacija, bezbednost, klimatske promene, energetika, nove tehnologije, znanje, obrazovanje i dr. Ovako složena i dinamična sredina dovodi do diferencijacije poslovnih funkcija u preduzeću. Svaka od tih funkcija ima svoje ciljeve i zadatke, pa tako i marketing ima funkciju da direktno kontaktira sredinu, prilagođava joj se i reaguje na poseban način. Ova tendencija inicira kreiranje marketing strategije kojom će se realizovati interesi ne samo sa aspekta preduzeća već i za društvo u celini u kojem se naglašava koncept održivog razvoja.
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Teoretski aspekt analize primene carinskih stopa kvote i njihov uticaj na trgovinu
Статья научная
Osnovni cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na teoretski aspekat primene carinskih stopa kvote u procesu trgovine. Carinske stope kvote smatraju se veoma važnim instrumentom, koji se koristi još od Urugvajske runde, u okviru sporazuma o poljoprivredi, koji dozvoljava minimalni tržišni pristup i omogućava konvertovanje širokog obima poljoprivrednih necarinskih barijera u carine (tzv. tarifikacija). Razlog primene carinskih stopa kvote od strane većine zemalja je predvidiva i transparentna carina izvoznicima, što ne dovodi do diskriminacije među dobavljačima niti isključuje uvoz proizvoda sa nižim troškovima. Carinske stope kvote takođe osiguravaju mogućnost uvoza iznad carinske stope kvote koja nije bila moguća u okviru klasične ili apsolutne kvote. Na drugoj strani, veoma visoka carinska stopa iznad kvote čini uvoz preterano skupim i ostvareni prihod je jednak nivou uvoza od tradicionalne kvote. Pored toga, u radu je jasno predstavljen model carinske kvote na osnovu koga je objašnjeno funkcionisanje carinskih stopa kvote unutar određenih scenarija.
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Test za monetarne mere Američke centralne banke (FED) - iskustva i pouke u doba koronavirusne krize
Статья научная
Koronavirusna kriza iz 2020. godine u SAD je mešavina finansijske i ekonomske krize 1929-33. godine i 2007-09. godine. Rad je prožet stavovima po pitanju koronavirusne krize iz 2020. godine i prethodne finansijske krize iz 2007-09. godine od strane poznatih ekonomista i nobelovaca Jozefa Stigliza i Pola Krugmana i bivših predsednika federalnih rezervi Bena Bernankea, Alena Grinspena i drugih. Federalne rezerve SAD sa relaksiranom monetarnom politikom i u vremenu koronavirusne krize su preuzele staru - novu ulogu kao i mnogo puta do tada. Sadašnje koronavirusne krizne mere monetarne politike u SAD CE doprineti deflaciji s jedne i rastu potrošnje i proizvodnje sa zadrškom s druge strane, najkasnije 2021. godine. Zbog koronavirusne socijalne distance na sceni imamo kriznu ekonomsku distancu privrede SAD, ogromne dugove prema Fed-u na svim nivoima usled emitovanja hartija od vrednosti, obveznica, hipoteka i drugih vidova hartija od vrednosti što je prourokovalo rast aktive vrhunske monetarne ustanove SAD.
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Статья научная
Testovi ranga su najvažniji metodi neparametarske statistike. U uvodnom delu bilo je diskusije o parametarskim i neparametarskim metodama i ustanovljeno je da testovi ranga predstavljaju jedne od najvažnijih neparametarskih metoda. Zatim su u glavnom delu opisani Man Vitnijev U test, Kraskal Volisov test i Frimenov test, koji predstavljaju najpoznatije i najćešće korišćene testove ranga. Objašnjen je postupak testiranja pomoću navedenih testova i kroz primere je pokazana široka primena ovih testova, posebno u medicini, psihologiji, itd.
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The Cultural and economic value of sports events in rural areas: media and legal context
Статья научная
The cultural and economic value of sports events in rural areas represents a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing local development, the preservation of cultural identity, and the strengthening of social cohesion. Research shows that sports manifestations in smaller communities contribute to economic activity through increased tourism spending, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and the generation of seasonal employment. At the same time, they serve as a means of promoting cultural heritage and the local way of life, thus fostering a sense of belonging and community. The media context plays a crucial role in the visibility and sustainability of these events. Coverage in local and regional media enables better positioning of rural municipalities on the cultural and tourist map of the country and increases the potential to attract sponsors and investors. On the other hand, the legal framework governing the organization of sports events in rural areas must align with the principles of transparency, safety, and responsibility in order to ensure long-term benefits for the local community. Given all the above, an intersectoral approach is needed-one that integrates sports policy, cultural development, media strategy, and legal regulation. Only through such coordination can the full potential of sports events as a tool for integrated rural development be realized.
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The concept of artificial intelligence and its scope in economic development
Статья научная
The enormous growth and development of technology, especially since the beginning of the 21st century, has led to an increase in the amount of information we are surrounded by. Thanks to this fact, the basis for ac-tion and accelerated development of programs based on artificial intelli-gence concepts was created. The mentioned programs base their work on the automated processing, collection and systematization of data without the participation of human activity in these processes, that is, without the use of human intelligence. Due to the speed and efficiency of such a way of manipulating a large amount of data, the concept of artificial intelligence introduces numerous changes and totally changes the way numerous social areas function. The subject of the author's interest will be pointing out the very importance and way of functioning of the concept of artificial intelli-gence, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of that concept, and all through looking at its impact on economic development.
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The cycle of money with and without the escaped savings
Статья научная
The escaped savings are critical for the cycle of money, as express the amount of money which leak from an economy and not return back to make more economic cycles.This paper is about the comparison of the cycle of money including the escaping savings and without the escaping saving. Then, it is plausible to extract the appropriate conclusions about the utility of savings in an economy when there the savings return to the market for investments and for consumption and when these savings are omitted and lost from the market for a long term period. For the purposes of this analysis is used the Q.E. method and the R.B.Q. model.
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The economic effects of Serbian neutrality in the Ukrainian crisis: risks and bebefits
Статья научная
The article explores and evaluates the dangers, advantages, opportunities, and risks for the Serbian economy stemming from its neutral stance in the Ukrainian crisis. Methods employed include content analysis of documents and official announcements, statistical description, analysis, and comparison of data. The research revealed an anticipated uptick in Serbia’s trade with Russia, attributed to its lower energy prices. This led to increased production in various sectors, such as machinery, motor vehicles, and the electrical industry. Contrary to expectations, trade with the EU not only increased but also improved structurally, particularly in higher-value goods exports. Recommendations advocate for internal resource investment in EU-threatened industrial sectors, specifically in bolstering production of products witnessing export growth.
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The efficiency of public expenditure and economic growth in the countries of the Western Balkans
Статья научная
The countries of the Western Balkans are facing a number of challenges. One of the most acute ones, certainly, is improving the efficiency of public expenditure. Having this in mind, the main research objective of the paper is to present the interdependence between public expenditure and economic growth in the Western Balkans. In addition, the analysis is focused on the efficiency of public expenditure in the group of the above-stated countries, as well as the relationship between the size of public expenditure and its efficiency in these countries. Data from the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Economic Forum were used for the analysis. The results reveal that this interdependence in the countries of the Western Balkans, in addition to different intensity, has a different direction.
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The future of the dollar as a world reserve currency in new international circumstances
Статья научная
The US dollar is the world's reserve currency, and it is also the currency most often used for trade and other international transactions. Due to the current geopolitical, economic and monetary developments, it is evident that a large number of countries are looking for ways to move away from the dominance of the dollar, as the leading world currency. The risk of de-dollarization has increased recently, partly due to the current Russian-Ukrainian crisis, as well as American economic sanctions against certain countries, and partly due to the growing role of the BRICS countries in the world economy. This paper argues and proves the hypothesis that the dollar as the world's reserve currency and the international monetary system are two sides of the same coin, that a complete loss of confidence in the dollar leads to the collapse of the global monetary system and vice versa, as well as that the destruction of the monetary system would lead to the disappearance of the dollar. The paper elaborates on dollar as a reserve world currency, theories of money, the dollar as a debt, deficits and monetary equivalents, the dollar and free markets, the IMF as a world bank and the SDR as a world money, the demand for gold as an indicator of distrust in the dollar, new global players and the world reserve currency, BRICS expansion and de-dollarization, and it is finalised with concluding remarks.
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The impact of philosophy on economics in the new era
Статья научная
This paper explores the profound and multifaceted relationship between philosophy and economics, tracing their historical convergence and examining how philosophical frameworks have shaped economic thought and policy across eras. From the metaphysical insights of Aristotle and the moral reasoning of Kant to the utilitarian ethics of Bentham and Mill, philosophical doctrines have consistently influenced economic paradigms, including classical, neoclassical, and behavioral models. The paper discusses key philosophical concepts, such as rationality, autonomy, justice, and utility, and their roles in guiding economic decision-making, policy formulation, and the evolution of global trade, sustainability, and technology. Special attention is given to how contemporary challenges like globalization, digital transformation, and environmental crises necessitate renewed philosophical inquiry within economic reasoning. Ultimately, the study argues for a reintegration of philosophical rigor into economics to foster a more ethically grounded, human-centered, and sustainable economic science for the future.
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