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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 7472
The loop with heat recovery of diesel generator lubrication system
Статья научная
In recent years, with the increasing severity of energy problems, more and more energy-saving technologies and enhanced heat transfer methods have been valued. Pulsating flow enhanced heat transfer technology as a branch of enhanced heat transfer, has a wider application background in industrial production and living areas. In the research process of this paper, an experimental platform is built according to the requirements of pulsating enhanced heat exchange and dual-circuit cooling. Through the experimental research on the double-loop air cooling of the fluid in the tube with pulsation, the influence of various parameters and pulsating characteristics of the pulsating fluid on the enhanced heat transfer is analyzed; the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the device under normal conditions and the flow of the fluid under the condition of pulse are measured through a temperature sensor. The outlet temperature was compared with the analysis, and the measurement data was calculated and analyzed. Experimental results show that the pulsation of the fluid has a significant effect on the heat transfer effect, and the effect of the flow rate on the pulsation enhanced heat transfer is significant. When the flow rate is small, the phenomenon that the fluid does not generate pulsation or pulsation is relatively weak, which cannot cause strong disturbance of the fluid in the heat exchange section, so that the heat exchange cannot be enhanced, and even the heat exchange is weakened; as the flow rate gradually increases, the heat transfer coefficient is enhanced.
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The loop with pulse circulation of oil for fuel oil heating
Статья научная
The energy issue is an important strategic factor that determines the sustainable development. Fuel oil is the main raw material in most power plants and boiler houses. Energy conservation is an important issue in the 21st century. This article focuses on pulse circulation for heating fuel oil. The heating system of fuel oil with pulsating circulation of oil in the heating circuit can be provisionally represented as an energy chain consisting of separate links and functioning as a single whole. In the master's thesis the process of heat transfer from the vibrating bellows heater to fuel oil was investigated. On the basis of the conducted experiments on the heating of fuel oil, it has been shown that when the bellows heater oscillates with significant amplitudes, the boundary layer breaks down, and the heat transfer is affected mainly by forced convection, in experiments it amounts to 4-8% of the total heat flux of the bellows heater in the barrel with fuel oil.
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The main aims and social status of rural women (on the example of regions of Uzbekistan)
Статья научная
Based on data from the study “Life goals and value orientations of rural women”, the article analyzes the sociocultural attitudes of women that determine their social well-being and mood. Against the background of consideration of social values, an analysis of the well-being of women is carried out from the point of view of their socio-demographic characteristics. The study was carried out by researchers of the Family and Women Research Institute with the support of the Women’s Committee of Uzbekistan. The main methods for collecting empirical information were interviews among respondents - women in rural areas aged from 18 to 60 years and older, expert surveys (in-depth interviewing) among specialists, as well as secondary sociological analysis of relevant data from the Mahalla and Family Research Institute and other research on the topic being studied. The sociological survey covered a total of 819 respondents. Social surveys of the main contingent of women were conducted in remote villages of the Republic of Karakalpakstan (86), Kashkadarya (148), Bukhara (88), Fergana (171), Samarkand (177) and Tashkent (130) regions. Duration of the sociological survey and analysis of the collected empirical data: from January to April 2023. The study revealed that women in rural areas are characterized by optimism, regardless of their living conditions and nominal parameters. The analyzed data made it possible to consider women in rural areas of Uzbekistan as a special socio-demographic category.
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The main pests of rice and measures to counteract them
Статья научная
In this article, described the injuriousness of the following rice pests such as tadpole shrimps (Apus concriformis Sh.), larvae of rice weevil (Hybronomus sunnaticollis Fst), larvae of coastal flies (Ephydra macellaria Egg), thorny wheat thrips (Haplotrips aculatus Farb.) and other ones, as well as measures to combat against them.
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The main stages of the development process of Ancient Surkhan
Статья научная
This article presents conclusions about the development of the ancient Surkhan territory by the inhabitants of this region, also analyzes the emergence of the early anthropogenic landscape of irrigated agriculture, handicrafts, and the development of the urban planning industry.
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Статья научная
The article presents theoretical foundations of the psychology of competitiveness of entrepreneurs as a new scientific psychological discipline, the analysis of the content and signs of scientific discipline, its scientific status, scientific relationships and relations as applied to the psychological development of problems of competitiveness of entrepreneurs. The author reveals the content of the main signs characterizing belonging of psychology of competitiveness of entrepreneurs to scientific disciplines gives a definition of psychology of competitiveness of entrepreneurs, describes its object, subject, goals, methods, and problematics. The article shows the fundamentality of this scientific discipline, describes the prospects of development of the psychology of competitiveness of entrepreneurs as a new scientific discipline.
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The meadow-sierozem soils current state (Greater Caucasus, Azerbaijan)
Статья научная
The aim of the research is obtaining new information about the genesis, the current state, is studying the diagnostic features of the meadow-sierozem soils of the northeastern part of the Greater Caucasus and give the name to these soils in accordance with the International Classification Soils on the Reference Base (WRB) in 2015. The objects of research are meadow-sierozem soils in Shabran district, northeastern part of the Greater Caucasus. Study methods: field studies (relief, vegetation, laying of soil sections, their description, selection of soil samples, establishment of a preliminary classification name of the soils) and physicochemical analyzes of soil samples (humus, gross nitrogen, C:N ratio, reaction of the soil environment, capacity of cation exchange, granulometric composition, composition of complete water extract) were carried out by conventional methods. It has been established that the most characteristic diagnostic indicators of meadow-sierozem soils are the presence of clay signs in horizon B and carbonate formations in the form of mold. Meadow-sierozem soils are low-humus. The reaction of the soil environment is alkaline. According to the granulometric composition, these soils are of medium and heavy clayey or medium and light loamy. Conclusion. The present state of virgin and cultivated meadow-sierozem soils has been studied. For the first time, the diagnostic criteria of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) were applied to meadow-sierozem soils, and an attempt was made to give the name of meadow-sierozem soils according to the international classification of soils based on the on the Reference Base (WRB) 2015. With the different principal and supplementary qualifiers, all soils were classified as Calcisols.
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The method of determining children’s suitability for sports
Статья научная
The physical education of children has always been a focus of attention for both Azerbaijani and global scholars. Prominent thinkers such as Nizami Ganjavi, Mahammad Fuzuli, Hasan bay Zardabi, Maragali Avhadi, Plato, Aristotle, John Amos Comenius, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Peter Lesgaft, and others have structured children's education and upbringing based on age groups. According to the renowned intellectual Hasan bay Zardabi, physical education plays a crucial role in successfully implementing intellectual and moral development. P.F. Lesgaft regarded physical education as one of the primary tools for shaping willpower, character, moral upbringing, intellectual ability, physical activity, and aesthetic appreciation. To improve these qualities, children have historically been divided into age groups. The division of children into age groups during the educational process has been approached differently by various scholars. The prominent Azerbaijani poet and philosopher Maragali Avhadi, when discussing physical education, proposed physical exercises and games suited to children’s age periods. This idea of aligning physical education with age-specific characteristics should be regarded as a significant development for its time. At the age of 7-8, as the bones are still developing and approaching the structure of adult bones, sports that require frequent jumping and agility, such as basketball, handball, and long jump, are recommended. This is because during this stage, the skeletal system is undergoing significant changes, and engaging in such activities helps in promoting bone strength and overall physical development. During the age period of 8-12, the development of all organs and systems in children and adolescents continues. The ossification of bones and the development of muscles accelerate, and by the page of 12, the bones no longer differ from those of an adult. In this stage, sports that require agility, flexibility, reaction time, attention, and psychological endurance, such as judo, soccer, table tennis, and badminton, can be recommended as suitable sports for children. These sports help develop physical and mental skills essential for further growth and development.
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The model of ethnopedagogical training of students of a pedagogical university
Статья научная
The ethnopedagogic orientation of education and upbringing is one of the main ones in the modern educational policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This is stated in the platform of the state policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan on socio-cultural development, that special attention is paid to the specifics of the culture of all peoples living in the republic, and that any culture is a unique, incomparable asset, and that a certain population fully presents itself to the world. Therefore, today the university offers conditionally three stages in order to reorient the ethnopedagogic system of education and upbringing. This program contains the content of ethnopedagogic education - a scientifically based system of students’ knowledge, attitude of responsibility to national history, language, culture, traditions, on the basis of which a model of the research problem is proposed through a systematic analysis of structural and substantive changes in ethnopedagogic education and upbringing of students. On the basis of the proposed model, the works of research scientists in the organization of the educational process were analyzed, the pedagogical possibilities of the ethnopedagogic heritage were taken into account, along with theoretical and methodological justification, a meaningful analysis of methodological manuals and educational programs operating in the pedagogical process was carried out in the development of scientific and methodological recommendations.
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Статья научная
A total of 704 blood samples (561 sheep, 143 goats) were examined for the Anaplasma ovis infection during a 1-year period. PCR and ELISA were used for the detection of the A. ovis antibodies. PCR assay identified A. ovis in 20 (8.1%) sheep and 15 (6.09%) goats. Using ELISA assay, 8.53% (31) were positive (21 sheep, 10 goats). A total of 246 blood smears were examined for the presence of intra-erythrocytic inclusions using Giemsa stain. Among the collected specimens, 60 were found positive with an overall prevalence of 24.3%. Among the 60 positive animals, 26 (43.3%) were sheep and 34 (56.7%) were goat. In the peripheral blood samples, the other piroplasmids - Babesia ovis, Theileria ovis, Th. recondita - were followed in an associative form. The ticks were collected, and the species composition was appointed in order to determine the ticks parasitized and have a pathogenic lifestyle in small ruminants. The intensive infection with the ticks of 2 genera - Rhipicephalus and Hyalomma was followed in small ruminants. It was determined that 45.8% of sheep and 35.1% of goats were infected intensively with the ticks of the Hyalomma genus. 110 samples prepared from the ticks of the Hyalomma genus were tested from the PCR test according to the Anaplasma ovis pathogen. 45 samples (40.9%) were assessed positively that 21 samples of them belonged to sheep and 24 of them to goats. 80 samples prepared from the internal organs of the ticks were examined according to the A. ovis parasite and the obtained results were analyzed. In 5 out of 35 samples which detected the parasites, A. ovis was followed, and in 30 samples, the associative parasites: Th. ovis, B. ovis piroplasmids. The Rickettsia and Coxiella pathogens were also detected in the samples.
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The monitoring forms of projects having a great importance of social partnership in society
Статья научная
In this article looked through the history of the origin and development trends of non-profit organisations which are major participant in the sphere of social entrepreneurship and described as “the third sector” in the economy. We analysed the legal and regulatory framework, which is directed the important social program for the development of the socio-economic sector in Uzbekistan. Also, in this article, it is given key areas of monitoring the activities of non-governmental organisations in the implementation of social projects and analysed them. Besides, in this paper, it is given the number of non-profit organisations, dynamic indicators of state budget funds allocated annually to this sector, expressed in the form of graphics. By this article, one can get information about the classification of NGO’s formed income through their business activity and the interpretation of the notion of “Fundraising”.
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The morphology study of Rosmarinus L. seedlings
Статья научная
In recent years, the interest in natural herbal medicines and essential oils obtained from them has increased significantly in medicine industry worldwide. Essential oils and products made from them are widely used in various fields of modern medicine, especially in aromatherapy, in traditional treatment methods. Therefore, the study of the composition of biologically active substances in essential plants is of special importance. From this point of view, the introduction of new types of medicinal plants, the study of their bioecological properties, and especially the expansion of research conducted for use in scientific medical practice regarding the pharmacological activity of essential oils obtained from them is very relevant. Among the mentioned prospective research objects, rosemary (Rosmarinus L.) species widely used in medicine and folk medicine in different regions of the world occupy a special place. Despite the great interest in this plant and the obtained essential oil in Azerbaijan, its biological properties, extraction and composition of the essential oil have not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, the introduction of new useful species belonging to the genus Rosmarinus L., the study of their bioecological characteristics, cultivation agrotechnics and biologically active substances on scientific grounds is in the spotlight with its relevance.
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The moss flora of Korchay state nature reserve
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The article discusses the floristic, ecological and cenotic features and the distribution of mosses in the territory of the Korchai State Nature Reserve. Among the mosses of the reserve, there are also species with a limited range. Those species are typical for silicate rocks and stony rocks. Another characteristic feature of the relief of the reserve is the presence of traces of ancient glaciation. Another characteristic feature of the relief is the absence of watersheds similar to a smoothed plateau. As a result of the research, it was found that the flora of the research area contains elements and relics from the last stages of the ancient Cretaceous period (3rd period). Relict species are pages of geologic history that reveal patterns of flora distribution.
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Статья научная
The theoretical significance of this article lies in the fact that the work collected and analyzed information about the need of teaching gender inclusive language for English for Specific Purposes students in English, which makes a certain contribution to the development and solution of topical issues in usage of gendered English language. Although suggested several effective strategies in teaching inclusive vocabulary and pronoun usage in English lessons by English for Specific Purposes students.
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Статья научная
Distance education is becoming popular in a modern society. People of all ages and of different professions have an opportunity to learn from a distance. The emergence of distance learning entailed the need for the development and implementation of distance learning technologies. Like all new technologies, distance learning has certain advantages and disadvantages.
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The new taxa of ferns in the northeast section of the Lesser Caucasus
Статья научная
During the expeditions in the north-eastern part of the Lesser Caucasus in 2014-2016 and based on the results analysis of the collected herbarium and descriptor information three species ( Polypodium interjectum Shivas, Polystichum ×illyricum (Borbás) Hahne, Cystopteris anthriscifolia Fomin), one botanical variety ( Polystichum aculeatum var. aristatum (Christ) A. Askerov) and one new ecotype ( Adiantum capillus-veneris L., “Dwarf plant - Ganja”) has been identified. The article provides information on the three-dimensional spatial areas of the sites where these plants are found, the taxonomy, morpho-biological variability and taxonomy types.
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The nomadic mood of loneliness embodied in the Raven by Edgar Allen Poe
Статья научная
The article investigates the poem The Raven by American dark genius Edgar Allen Poe. The research was done basing on historical, biographical and psychological literary schools, and is aimed to disclose hidden link of the poem to the life of the author. Moreover, the research includes the study of elements of gothic literature depicted in the poem.
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The notion of phraseological unit
Статья научная
The given article deals with issues related to the relationship between phraseological units and words, and provides definitions of the term “phraseological unit”. A significant part of the article is devoted to the review and analysis of different views of scientists on the theory of equivalence of phraseological units with words. The results of the analysis are used to formulate conclusions about the relationship between words and phraseological units.
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Статья научная
In a published scientific article presents modeled using quantum chemistry package HyperChem version 8.0.7 using semiempirical method ZINDO/1 the process of adsorption of organic sulfur-containing compounds such as iron (available in steel St3S (Poland) in the amount of 97%). Compare and explain the protective effects of corrosion depending on the extent of cathodic polarization of the metal model specimen. This way with high accuracy reflects the process of corrosion protection with mycological content (Penicillium chrysogenum cells) by the chemisorption of organic compounds on the metal surface with the formation of complex compounds. Inhibitor protection carried out with a sample of the metal cadmium plating protected with a current density of 4 A/dm2. As a comparison, the properties and characteristics of some complexes responsible for metal protection, will be referred to secondary data obtained from protected metal cadmium plating sample 1-3a/dm2. In the research process were obtained and analyzed: the charges on the heteroatoms, the charge density (1 atom of iron), the composition of the resulting compounds Fe a ←[SMY], as well as energy diagrams in the formation of the adsorption complex of the studied molecules. Absolute linear graph type “Z% - Feρq”, so the charge density on the iron is a powerful predictive parameter in the mission of inhibitor (at various concentrations) to protect steel from corrosion, without the use of a screening method. Knowledge of the partial effective charges of helping to determine the most powerful adsorption centers belonging to a specific molecule inhibitor. Changing values frontier orbitals helps to assess the stability of the adsorption complex inhibitor compounds with metal atoms.
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Статья научная
Biostratigraphic characteristics of the Pontian deposits of Gobustan are given based on the materials of the Sundu cavern. The systematic composition and characteristic complexes of ostracods for the lower, middle, and upper sub-tiers are revealed. Biostratigraphic dissection of the section was performed. It is established that sediments of the Pontian regiostage take part in the geological structure of the anticlinal structure of the Sundu. A scheme of dismemberment of the Pontian sediments of Sundu cavern has been developed, which can be applied during further geological exploration in other areas of the SE of Gobustan. The obtained results can also be used for biostratigraphic study of deep-submerged Miocene deposits of the western side of the Southern Caspian.
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