Статьи журнала - International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science
Все статьи: 1195
Forecasting cloudlet development on mobile computing clouds
Статья научная
Article studies development dynamics of mobile cloud technologies. Advantages of this technology and problems occurring during its use are analyzed. At the same time, issues related to meeting the demand of computing and memory resources of mobile equipment using this technology are studied. For this purpose, main monitoring parameters, especially delays in network, CPU usage percentage, memory usage, completion time of intended essential operations etc. are analyzed. Considering significance of selected parameters in Cloudlet creation, Integral monitoring parameter was established. In the article analyze technologies were given as the time series of integral parameter. Thus article studies conditions necessitating development of cloudlets on mobile computing clouds and solves issues of forecasting location time of cloudlets near certain base stations.
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Formalizing logic based rules for skills classification and recommendation of learning materials
Статья научная
First-order logic based data structure have knowledge representations in Prolog-like syntax. In an agent based system where beliefs or knowledge are in FOL ground fact notation, such representation can form the basis of agent beliefs and inter-agent communication. This paper presents a formal model of classification rules in first-order logic syntax. In the paper, we show how the conjunction of boolean [Passed, Failed] decision predicates are modelled as Passed(N) or Failed(N) formulas as well as their implementation as knowledge in agent oriented programming for the classification of students’ skills and recommendation of learning materials. The paper emphasizes logic based contextual reasoning for accurate diagnosis of students’ skills after a number of prior skills assessment. The essence is to ensure that students attain requisite skill competences before progressing to a higher level of learning.
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Formalizing the Software Engineering Process Using a Graphical Software Process Modelling Formalism
Статья научная
Software process modelling has recently become an area of interest within both academia and industry. It aims at defining and formalizing the software process in the form of formal rigorous models. A software process modelling formalism presents the language or notation in which the software process is defined and formalized. Several software process modelling formalisms have been introduced lately, however, they have failed to gain the attention of the industry. One major objective of formalizing the software process that has ever been an issue of research, is to enhance the understanding and communication among software process users. To achieve this aim, a modelling formalism has to offer a common language to be well-understood by all software process users. BPMN presents a graphical-based widely accepted standard formalism, mainly aimed at business process modelling. This paper illustrates a software process modelling formalism based upon BPMN specifications for representing the software process, named as, SP2MN. The paper also demonstrates the applicability and evaluation of the proposed formalism by; utilizing the standard ISPW-6 benchmark problem, in addition to comparing the expressiveness of SP2MN with similar software process modelling formalisms. The evaluations prove that SP2MN contributes in enhancing software process formalization. SP2MN, accordingly, can be used as a standard software process modelling formalism.
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Formulation of sprint time predictive model for olympic athletic games
Статья научная
Olympic Games are international field and track events hosted within four years periods. Like other events, sprinting is a track event that requires rigorous and focused training. When training is done with little or no understanding of the possibilities of the games, the competition would leave more to be desired. This paper formulates, evaluates and validates a model for predicting the fastest sprinting time of Olympic athletes of 100m race for a-5 season appearances. Dataset was obtained from the Olympic official records of world best performances, typically Gold medalists in sprint for the male category from the inception in 1896 to the 2016 edition. The model was simulated on MATLAB. Cross-validation was done using residuals for whiteness and independence tests and model outputs. The results were evaluated based on Sum of Square Error (SSE), R-Square, adjusted R-Square, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and benchmarked with existing models. The model outperformed the existing models with higher accuracy and goodness of fit. This prediction is a reasonable guide for predictive training, forecasting and future study on predictive algorithms.
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Fredkin circuit in nanoscale: a multilayer approach
Статья научная
Nanotechnologies, exceedingly Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA), presents a notable perception for upcoming nanocomputing. Feature extent of circuits is moving to sub-micron point that produces the sophisticated device intricacies. In this work, QCA is considered as an application technique for reversible logic. A multi-layer reversible Fredkin circuit is proposed with QCA nanotechnology. The accomplishment of the outlined circuit is substantiated with five existing Fredkin gate, which exhibits from 71.20% to 37.50% improvement in term of cell intricacy. The proposed design uses 55 cells concerning only 0.03 μm2 area and latency is 0.75. The power consumption by the proposed circuit is also presented in this literature. The proposed design has been realized with QCADesigner version 2.0.3.
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Free Space Optics Vs Radio Frequency Wireless Communication
Статья научная
This paper presents the free space optics (FSO) and radio frequency (RF) wireless communication. The paper explains the feature of FSO and compares it with the already deployed technology of RF communication in terms of data rate, efficiency, capacity and limitations. The data security is also discussed in the paper for identification of the system to be able to use in normal circumstances. These systems are also discussed in a way that they could efficiently combine to form the single system with greater throughput and higher reliability.
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Статья научная
This research suggests an efficient idea that is better suited for speech processing applications for retrieving the accurate pitch from speech signal in noisy conditions. For this objective, we present a fundamental frequency extraction algorithm and that is tolerant to the non-stationary changes of the amplitude and frequency of the input signal. Moreover, we use an accumulated power spectrum instead of power spectrum, which uses the shorter sub-frames of the input signal to reduce the noise characteristics of the speech signals. To increase the accuracy of the fundamental frequency extraction we have concentrated on maintaining the speech harmonics in their original state and suppressing the noise elements involved in the noisy speech signal. The two stages that make up the suggested fundamental frequency extraction approach are producing the accumulated power spectrum of the speech signal and weighting it with the average magnitude difference function. As per the experiment results, the proposed technique appears to be better in noisy situations than other existing state-of-the-art methods such as Weighted Autocorrelation Function (WAF), PEFAC, and BaNa.
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Fuzzy Based Multi-Fever Symptom Classifier Diagnosis Model
Статья научная
Fever has different causes and types, but with similar symptoms. Therefore, making fever diagnosis with human physiological symptoms more complicated. This research project delves into the design of a web based expert multi-fever diagnosis system using a novel fuzzy symptom classifier with human self-observed physiological symptoms. Considering malaria, Lassa, dengue, typhoid and yellow fever. The fuzzy-symptom classifier has two stages. Fist stage is fever type confirmation using common fever symptoms, leading to five major fuzzy rules and the second phase is determining the level of infection (severe or mild) of the confirmed type of fever using unique fever symptoms. Furthermore, Case studies during the system implementation yielded data collected from 50 patients of having different types of fever. The analysis clearly shows the effectiveness and accuracy in the system performance through false result elimination. In addition, acceptability of the system was investigated through structured questionnaire administered to same 50 patients. This result clearly indicates that the system is well accepted, by users and considered fairly easy to use, time and cost saving.
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Fuzzy Logic Based PID Auto Tuning Method of QNET 2.0 VTOL
Статья научная
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained a lot of attention from researchers due to their hovering and vertical take-off and landing. Different techniques and methods are being employed to imple-ment UAVs. The QNET 2.0 VTOL board, specially de-signed for NI ELVIS II, is an important platform in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). It is a helpful tool to demonstrate the essentials of vertical take-off and landing flight control (VTOL) at educational institutes. The PID controller installed in QNET 2.0 VTOL board is manually tuned is usually done by a skilled operator. This process of tuning is time-consuming and requires an expert’s knowledge. Although PID control of various sys-tems has been reported in the literature, its use is limited in nonlinear systems. For nonlinear systems. Fuzzy logic is suitable due to its nonlinearity capability. The purpose of this research is to study the dynamics of the QNET 2.0 VTOL model, simulate the flight control model in Lab-VIEW and to design an auto-tuned PID controller using Fuzzy logic for QNET 2.0 VTOL model in LabVIEW environment. This study shows that Fuzzy based auto-tuned PID controller controls the pitch angle of the QNET 2.0 VTOL model and gives promising results as compared to the existing PID controller in terms of auto-tuning in real-time and stability of the system.
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Fuzzy Logic Based Trusted Candidate Selection for Stable Multipath Routing
Статья научная
In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), providing reliable and stable communication paths between wireless devices is critical. This paper presents a fuzzy logic stable-backbone-based multipath routing protocol (FLSBMRP) for MANET that provides a high-quality path for communication between nodes. The proposed protocol has two main phases. The first phase is the selection of candidate nodes using a fuzzy logic technique. The second phase is the construction of a routing backbone that establishes multiple paths between nodes through the candidate nodes, thus forming a routing backbone. If any candidate node in the path fails due to a lack of bandwidth, residual energy or link quality, an alternate path through another candidate node is selected for communication before the route breaks, because a candidate node failure may lead to a broken link between the nodes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol performs better in terms of the packet delivery ratio, overhead, delay and packet drop ratio than the major existing ad hoc routing protocols.
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Статья научная
The vagueness in decision-making may be due to ambiguity in the decisional requirements expression. Therefore, in the literature dealing with vagueness in decision systems, studies were concentrated on data vagueness and not on decision requirements. In order to evaluate the expression in decision-making requirements and in order to improve the data warehouses design quality, this paper presents a rigorous fuzzy ontology-based solution. Based on the latest Zadeh theory “Ref. [1]”, Authors in “Ref. [2.3]”, propose a solution consisting in using ontologies to provide "an understanding of how the meaning of a proposal can be composed of the meaning of its constituents. One of the limitations of this solution is the fuzziness presence only at the adjective sentence. In some sense, our proposal can be seen as a continuation of that work. We limit our study, in this paper to the “Near negative” operator case. To the best of our knowledge, this case has not been addressed yet in the data warehouse context.
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Статья научная
Gender classification method based on Gait Energy Motion: GEM derived through wavelet analysis of human gait moving pictures is proposed. Through experiments with human gait moving pictures, it is found that the extracted features of wavelet coefficients using silhouettes images are useful for improvement of gender classification accuracy. Also, it is found that the proposed gender classification method shows the best classification performance, 97.63% of correct classification ratio.
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Generating database schemas from business artifact models
Статья научная
Business Artifacts, as an alternative approach to Business Process Modeling, combines both process and data aspects of a Business into the same model. Many works in the literature have focused on defining Artifact-centric processes and graphical modeling notations. But, to the best of our knowledge, no prior work has directly tackled the problem of generating Database Schemas from Business Artifact Models. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that generates Database Schemas from Business Artifact Models (BAMs). The proposed algorithm not only takes into consideration the different data attribute types of Artifacts’ Information Models, but also supports different Artifacts relationships. We also validate our work with a prototype implementation of a Business Artifact Models Modeler and a Database Schema Generator.
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Статья научная
Using digital signal processing in genomic field is a key of solving most problems in this area such as prediction of gene locations in a genomic sequence and identifying the defect regions in DNA sequence. It is found that, using DSP is possible only if the symbol sequences are mapped into numbers. In literature many techniques have been developed for numerical representation of DNA sequences. They can be classified into two types, Fixed Mapping (FM) and Physico Chemical Property Based Mapping (PCPBM (. The open question is that, which one of these numerical representation techniques is to be used? The answer to this question needs understanding these numerical representations considering the fact that each mapping depends on a particular application. This paper explains this answer and introduces comparison between these techniques in terms of their precision in exon and intron classification. Simulations are carried out using short sequences of the human genome (GRch37/hg19). The final results indicate that the classification performance is a function of the numerical representation method.
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Статья научная
Data warehouses are decision support systems that are specifically designed for the business managers and executives for reporting and business analysis. Data warehouse is a database that stores enterprise-wide data that can be used to deduce useful information. Business organizations can achieve a great level of competitive advantage by analyzing its historical data and learning from it. However data warehouse concept is still maturing as a technology. In order to effectively design and implement a data warehouse for an organization, its goal needs to be understood and requirement must be analyzed in the perspective of the identified goal. In this paper we present a goal structured model for requirements engineering that also enables its users to manage traceability between the goals, decisions, business strategy and the corresponding business model.
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God Class Refactoring Recommendation and Extraction Using Context based Grouping
Статья научная
Code smells are the indicators of the flaws in the design and development phases that decrease the maintainability and reusability of a system. A system with uneven distribution of responsibilities among the classes is generated by one of the most hazardous code smells called God Class. To address this threatening issue, an extract class refactoring technique is proposed that incorporates both cohesion and contextual aspects of a class. In this work, greater emphasis was provided on the code documentation to extract classes with higher contextual similarity. Firstly, the source code is analyzed to generate a set of cluster of extracted methods. Secondly, another set of clusters is generated by analyzing code documentation. Then, merging these two, a final cluster set is formed to extract the God Class. Finally, an automatic refactoring approach is also followed to build newly identified classes. Using two different metrics, a comparative result analysis is provided where it is shown that the cohesion among the classes is increased if the context is added in the refactoring process. Moreover, a manual inspection is conducted to ensure that the methods of the refactored classes are contextually organized. This recommendation of God Class extraction can significantly help the developers in minimizing the burden of refactoring on own their own and maintaining the software systems.
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Graph Based Data Governance Model for Real Time Data Ingestion
Статья научная
Data governance is one of the strongest pillars in Data management program which goes hand in hand with data quality. In industrial Data Lake huge amount of unstructured data is getting ingested at high velocity from different source systems. Similarly, through multiple channels of data are getting queried and transformed from Data Lake. Based on 3Vs of big data it's a real challenge to set up a rule based on traditional data governance system for an Enterprise. In today's world governance on semi structured or unstructured data on Industrial Data lake is a real issue to the Enterprise in terms of query, create, maintain and storage effectively and secured way. On the other hand different stakeholders i.e. Business, IT and Policy team want to visualize the same data in different view to analyze, imposes constraints, and to place effective workflow mechanism for approval to the policy makers. In this paper author proposed property graph based governance architecture and process model so that real time unstructured data can effectively govern, visualize, manage and queried from Industrial Data Lake.
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Статья научная
Reasoning is the fundamental capability which requires knowledge. Various graph models have proven to be very valuable in knowledge representation and reasoning. Recently, explosive data generation and accumulation capabilities have paved way for Big Data and Data Intensive Systems. Knowledge Representation and Reasoning with large and growing data is extremely challenging but crucial for businesses to predict trends and support decision making. Any contemporary, reasonably complex knowledge based system will have to consider this onslaught of data, to use appropriate and sufficient reasoning for semantic processing of information by machines. This paper surveys graph based knowledge representation and reasoning, various graph models such as Conceptual Graphs, Concept Graphs, Semantic Networks, Inference Graphs and Causal Bayesian Networks used for representation and reasoning, common and recent research uses of these graph models, typically in Big Data environment, and the near future needs and challenges for graph based KRR in computing systems. Observations are presented in a table, highlighting suitability of the surveyed graph models for contemporary scenarios.
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Статья научная
The article provides an approach of getting optimal time through graph for Simple step stress accelerated test of inverse weibull distribution. In this we estimate parameters using log linear relationship by maximum likelihood method. Along with this, asymptotic variance and covariance matrix of the estimators are given. Comparison between expected and observed Fisher Information matrix is also shown. Furthermore, confidence interval coverage of the estimators is also presented for checking the precession of estimator. This approach is illustrated with an example using software.
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Great Deluge Algorithm for the Linear Ordering Problem: The Case of Tanzanian Input-Output Table
Статья научная
Given a weighted complete digraph, the Linear Ordering Problem (LOP) consists of finding and acyclic tournament with maximum weight. It is sometimes referred to as triangulation problem or permutation problem depending on the context of its application. This study introduces an algorithm for LOP and applied for triangulation of Tanzanian Input-Output tables. The algorithm development process uses Great Deluge heuristic method. It is implemented using C++ programming language and tested on a personal computer with 2.40GHZ speed processor. The algorithm has been able to triangulate the Tanzanian input-output tables of size 79×79 within a reasonable time (1.17 seconds). It has been able to order the corresponding economic sectors in the linear order, with upper triangle weight increased from 585,481 to 839,842 giving the degree of linearity of 94.3%.
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