Социальные и гуманитарные науки. Рубрика в журнале - Бюллетень науки и практики
On the Comparative Study of the Kyrgyz Epic “Manas” and the Ancient Indian Epic “Mahabharata”
Статья научная
The heroic epic Manas, due to its grand scale and fantastically rich content, as well as its artistic perfection, figurative expressiveness, and the wealth of both verbal and visual means, holds a well-deserved place among the outstanding monuments of the world’s epic heritage. Comparative analysis of Manas with other world epics contributes to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of its narrative and artistic features. According to researchers, in the Middle Ages, the ancestors of the Kyrgyz people were part of the Great Turkic Khaganate, which maintained cultural ties with many countries, including India. There are studies that confirm this historical connection. This article presents a comparative analysis of the great Indian epic Mahabharata (The Tale of the Great Bharata), translated by Nurgazy Kemelbaev and Kenesh Jusupov, and the work Tengir Manas in the version by Ashym Zhakypbekov. The study is aimed at identifying similarities and differences in the prose versions of these epic narratives. Examining typological parallels between the Indian epic Mahabharata and the Kyrgyz epic Manas allows for a deeper exploration of the originality of the latter, as each epic is a unique cultural monument shaped by the specific cultural, historical, and mental characteristics of its people.
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Organization of distance learning in mountain climate conditions in universities of Kyrgyzstan
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This article examines the unique features of organizing and implementing distance learning in higher education institutions located in mountainous regions of the Kyrgyz Republic. The study focuses on the organizational and pedagogical challenges faced by universities, such as limited access to stable internet connectivity, technological infrastructure constraints, and the impact of the mountain climate on the effectiveness of online education. The article explores strategies and solutions for improving the quality of distance learning in these regions, including the use of adaptive learning technologies, specialized teacher training, and the development of flexible educational models that account for regional specificities. The findings highlight the need for tailored approaches to distance education that meet the unique demands of students and educators in mountainous areas.
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Статья научная
The article examines the processes of immigration (muhajirism) of Ossetes to the Ottoman Empire in the mid-XIX century and their subsequent internal migrations in Eastern and Central Anatolia. It evaluates the specifics of economic, social, and ethnopolitical adaptation and integration of the migrants and the construction of their own socio-cultural diasporic space in their new homeland. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the relationships of Ossetes with the indigenous population of the regions of settlement and with other North Caucasian muhajirs.
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Статья научная
The article explores how the relationship between part and whole is manifested in family-related concepts through metaphors and metonymies. By examining linguistic expressions in Russian and English, the study reveals the cognitive mechanisms that underpin familial relationships and how these relationships are conceptualized in the mental linguistic worldview of native speakers. The comparative analysis highlights the similarities and differences in how family concepts are constructed and understood across these two languages, offering insights into the cultural and linguistic factors that shape these representations.
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Perspective planning of modern education: strategic approaches and development trends
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The article analyses the main priority areas and challenges, drawing on international research in the field of long-term educational planning. Key planning components are also commented on in the context of digital transformation, inclusion, teacher training and assessment systems. The article analyzes the principles of strategic planning in education at the international level and conducts a comparative study of the experience of countries such as Finland, Singapore and Azerbaijan. The purpose of the study is to analyze successful strategies of various countries and propose models and approaches that can be applied in Azerbaijani education. The article also analyzes the methodologies and strategic approaches used to improve the process of long-term planning in the higher education system of Azerbaijan. Modern methods and approaches used for proper planning of the future development of higher education institutions were also considered. The article analyzed strategic approaches and trends in the development of long-term planning in the modern education system; the study used both qualitative and quantitative methods.
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Practical Needs’ Analysis of Some Bilingual Students
Статья научная
This report diagrams an ESP (English for Particular Purposes) course outlined for pre-service Agronomy understudies at a legislative college. The understudies, matured 20-25, have halfway English capability stemming from shifted learning foundations. The ESP course addresses a basic require: preparing future agronomists with the dialect abilities fundamental to communicate successfully with worldwide accomplices in regions such as innovation procurement, natural item obtainment, and universal exchange of agrarian items. The course centers on pertinent phrasing, comprehension of specialized documentation, and creating communication aptitudes through needs-based exercises like role-playing and expressive assignments. A course in cross-cultural nursing served as a demonstrate for coordination comprehensive aptitude advancement with context-based materials, which is able serve as a foundation for viable and compelling communication within the worldwide agrarian division.
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Статья научная
The development of sustainable learning motivation in primary school learners is a crucial factor in their academic success and personal growth. This article examines the psychological and pedagogical conditions that contribute to the formation of stable motivation, including the role of emotional engagement, teacher-student interaction, and the application of innovative teaching methods. The study is based on theoretical analysis and empirical research, incorporating the views of prominent scholars in the field. The findings highlight the importance of a supportive educational environment and differentiated instruction in fostering long-term motivation.
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Role of mitigating and aggravating circumstances in sentencing for crimes against minors
Статья научная
This article examines the role of mitigating and aggravating circumstances in sentencing for crimes against minors. It explores how these factors influence judicial decisions, ensuring proportionality and fairness in the punishment of offenders. The study highlights common aggravating circumstances, such as the use of violence and exploitation of trust, as well as mitigating factors, including the offender’s age, mental state, and voluntary compensation to the victim. A comparative analysis of sentencing practices in different jurisdictions reveals significant variations in the application of these factors. Recommendations are provided to enhance the consistency and effectiveness of individualized sentencing in line with international legal standards.
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Shrines and the formation of the historical topography of Bukhara
Статья научная
This article discusses various aspects related to the formation of Bukhara, including its urban composition, arch and rabad structures typical of medieval cities, the development of guzars, and the historical topography of sacred shrines. It also analyzes the involvement of these holy shrines in the establishment of guzars, their spatial relationships, and their evolution as crucial elements in the historical topography of Bukhara.
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Significance of English abbreviations in the field of dentistry
Статья научная
The article analyzes abbreviations in English used in today’s rapidly developing field of dentistry. The density and the complexity of this process determine the urgency of the problem, creating the need to resort to a careful study of abbreviations. How important it is not to make mistakes in the spelling of abbreviations; otherwise, it can lead to misunderstandings in determining the meaning of the word. In the dental profession, abbreviations are not only convenient but also essential for conveying complex information quickly. However, the article highlights the critical importance of accuracy in spelling these abbreviations. Errors in abbreviation usage can lead to misunderstandings about procedures, medications, and diagnoses, which may jeopardize patient safety. Moreover, the article discusses the implications of inconsistencies in abbreviation usage across different regions and dental practices. It explores how varying interpretations can arise from local jargon or outdated terminology, potentially creating barriers to effective communication among dental professionals.The article also suggests best practices for the adoption of standardized abbreviations within dental education and professional training. By promoting awareness and understanding of commonly used abbreviations, dental practitioners can enhance clarity in documentation, reduce the risk of errors, and foster better communication with patients and colleagues alike. Ultimately, this careful study of abbreviations serves as a foundation for improving overall efficiency and safety in dental practice.
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Similarities and differences of Kyrgyz and Kara-Kalpak epics
Статья научная
The article provides a comparative historical analysis of the similarities and differences of the epics of the Kyrgyz and Kara-Kalpak peoples, which have not been forgotten and preserved for centuries. After all, in the epics of both peoples, the way of life, spiritual and moral knowledge in the upbringing of youth, historical events, philosophical views that make up the formation of personality were formed in accordance with the awareness of the national mentality. If we consider the issue in this form, then today epics are not given such attention. Therefore, our goal, firstly, is to reveal that in the past centuries the potential of the population in continuing teaching and training was very high thanks to the best methodologies of spiritual and moral education of young people through folk epics. Secondly, in order to popularize and preserve folk epics in modern society, it is necessary to organize special courses and classes on their teaching. After all, epics contain history, ethnography, philosophy, traditional knowledge folklore of the whole people.
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Socio-demographic factors affecting women’s activity in society
Статья научная
The socio-demographic factors influencing the activity of women in the society, as well as the causes of negative consequences such as anxiety, increase in conflict, decrease in emotional stability and initiative, decrease in social activity, deterioration of the indicator of social-psychological characteristics of a person are considered in the article. At the same time, in the results of the research conducted by the author, the differentiation of indicators of social activity is presented. Any changes that take place in the society cause women to lose their almost achieved achievements, as well as cause a sharp decline in their social status. It is known that in the process of forming a person as a person, he enters into many social relationships, at the same time; he performs a number of socio-psychological roles.
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Some aspects of patriotic education of future teachers
Статья научная
The importance of patriotic education of future teachers in the education system of Kyrgyzstan is considered. For centuries, the love of the people for their homeland, the protection of their interests and unity, and respect for the heritage of their ancestors have formed the basis of patriotic feeling. In most post-Soviet countries, patriotism has become an important part of the political discourse in order to form a national and civic identity. The formation of the Kyrgyz nation - a single civic nation uniting representatives of various ethnic groups living in Kyrgyzstan, should be really strengthened in their consciousness through feelings of love for their country, pride in it, and patriotism. Formation of interest in love for the Kyrgyz land, knowledge of its ancient history is one of the main tasks of modern education. Patriotism is an essential structural and integral part of the national idea, culture and science. Fostering a sense of patriotism is very important for the future of Kyrgyzstan. Patriotic education of future teachers helps to convey national values to the younger generation. Education of patriotic youth is a living, responsible process.
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Studying Students' Models of Formation of Gender Culture in Higher Education Institutions
Статья научная
In this article, it is important to improve the pedagogical environment in higher education institutions, and to create a gender culture among students. For this, it is necessary to implement gender culture in the higher education system and develop effective mechanisms for its management. It is urgent to consider the problems of forming the gender culture of students and implement measures to shape it into a system of training future specialists. The changes taking place in modern society determine the rapidly developing culture and determine the need to improve the educational process using everything that develops advanced thinking, moral and behavioral models in students. Gender culture of students is characterized by the understanding of the concept of gender, the essence and importance of gender characteristics in the life of society, a positive personal attitude towards oneself and the society in general as a carrier of certain gender characteristics.
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Symbolism of eyes in songs inspired by mountain landscapes and climate
Статья научная
This article explores the symbolism of eyes in songs inspired by mountain landscapes and climate, focusing on how visual imagery and metaphors related to eyes are used to express cultural perceptions and emotional connections with mountainous environments. By analyzing a selection of songs from various cultures, the study examines the role of eyes as a symbol of perception, observation, and insight, reflecting the influence of the harsh and majestic nature of mountains on human experience and creativity. The research highlights the common themes and unique interpretations of eye symbolism in songs that depict the challenges and beauty of life in mountain regions, offering insights into the interplay between nature, culture, and artistic expression.
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Taboos in Kyrgyz, Russian and English
Статья научная
This work explores the concept of taboos, their role in society, and their variations across different cultures. Taboos are social, cultural, and religious prohibitions that regulate behavior and communication. While some taboos maintain order and preserve traditions, others may seem outdated or restrictive. The study focuses on taboos in Kyrgyz, Russian, and English, analyzing their differences and significance. In Kyrgyzstan, taboos emphasize respect for elders, family honor, and religious beliefs. In Russia, many taboos are linked to superstition and politics, while in Great Britain, they are mostly related to politeness and personal boundaries. The paper also discusses the evolution of taboos, highlighting how societal changes influence their relevance. The analysis concludes that while taboos play an important role in shaping cultural identity, they should be reconsidered when they limit personal freedom or hinder progress. Understanding taboos helps improve cross-cultural communication and promotes tolerance.
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Статья научная
Slang words of the Kyrgyz language give the work a special flavor that attracts the reader, and tell about their application in practice. It contained information about whether jargon is a separate society or a language of a separate world. Thus, the slang was divided into separate groups, and it was also noted that the slang used by the first group was completely incomprehensible to the second group. With the help of works that use slang words, it is possible to properly educate students both pedagogically, psychologically, and socially. We mentioned that comparing the life in this job with the life we live might encourage him to choose what he needs.
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From the late 19th century through the 20th century, China's higher education underwent significant transformations shaped largely by Western educational thought and the Soviet educational model. At the close of the 19th century, the introduction of Western educational practices began shifting China's educational system away from the traditional imperial examination system. In the early to mid-20th century, particularly during the 1950s following the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the Soviet educational model exerted profound influence on the structure and direction of Chinese higher education. This study investigates the Soviet Union’s impact on the Chinese higher education system by analyzing the historical evolution of educational concepts in China. It specifically addresses the methods by which the Soviet model was introduced, adapted, and integrated into China's unique socio-cultural environment. Findings suggest that the Soviet educational framework significantly accelerated the modernization of Chinese higher education and facilitated the development of substantial technical, engineering, and scientific expertise. However, the implementation of this model also encountered practical challenges, necessitating adjustments tailored to China's specific circumstances. The paper further explores aspects of the educational system, curriculum design, and pedagogical methods introduced from the Soviet Union. It critically evaluates the model's effectiveness, adaptability, and limitations, ultimately proposing recommendations for the continued evolution and improvement of China's higher education.
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The Destructive Influence of the Internet on the Personality Formation of Children and Adolescents
Статья научная
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the negative psychological, social, and cognitive impacts of the internet, social media, and influencers on the personality development of children and adolescents. While innovative technologies expand the lives of young people, issues such as internet addiction, identity confusion, and deficiencies in social communication present serious challenges to adolescent psychology. The article examines the causes and mechanisms of these problems through statistical and empirical research and offers practical recommendations for addressing and mitigating their effects.
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Статья научная
Examines the complex interaction between the fundamental human right to freedom of movement and the imperatives of national security. By analyzing the evolution of legal doctrine and case law through the lens of both international and national legal frameworks, the paper highlights how states attempt to balance individual liberties with collective security needs. Drawing on the works of Burke-White, Zamir, Bozeman, and others, the study identifies the strategic correlation between human rights protection and national security governance. Particular attention is paid to the European Convention on Human Rights and its jurisprudence, the dilemmas of secrecy and transparency, and the modern challenges posed by terrorism and transnational threats. The article also addresses the role of national human rights institutions in promoting democratic values and good governance. The study concludes that ensuring freedom of movement while safeguarding national security requires flexible legal mechanisms and continuous recalibration of the balance between individual freedoms and state interests in light of new global security challenges.
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