Социальные и гуманитарные науки. Рубрика в журнале - Бюллетень науки и практики
Main Means of Expressing Negation in the Kyrgyz Language
Статья научная
The category of negation in the Kyrgyz language is characterized by the sophistication of its organizational means. This is due to the fact that negation, as in other languages, is an ancient phenomenon in Kyrgyz, and also because it is characteristic of the most fundamental levels of the language - lexis and grammar. Furthermore, the breadth of functions of the studied linguistic category is also linked to the development of means for expressing negation. In the Kyrgyz language, this phenomenon is inherent in almost all significant parts of speech. However, the method of expressing negation differs in each part of speech. Since different parts of speech perform various functions in expressing negation, these means can be divided into two groups - primary and secondary - according to their function. In this article, we will focus on the primary means of organizing the category of negation in the Kyrgyz language.
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Статья научная
The article investigates the multifaceted concept of earth (zher) within the Kyrgyz linguistic worldview. The study analyzes the internal structure of this concept, its verbal realization, and the system of metaphorical features that associate the earth with the living world. Special attention is paid to the animated and anthropomorphic interpretation of earth, which reflects culturally grounded emotional, cognitive, and axiological perceptions. Based on the analysis of folklore, literary texts, and paremiological sources, 49 figurative animated features of the concept were identified, and grouped according to their semantic nature. These metaphorical representations reveal the significant role of the earth in shaping collective consciousness and preserving Kyrgyz cultural values. The study addresses the question of how the concept of earth has been actualized in language and what place it occupies in the historical development of the Kyrgyz linguistic worldview.
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Methods of Teaching English to Teenagers: How to Keep their Attention
Статья научная
This paper explores the challenges of maintaining teenagers’ attention in English language classrooms. Drawing on psychological theories and contemporary language teaching methodologies, it examines why adolescents often lose focus and proposes effective strategies to engage them. By integrating communicative, task-based, and project-based approaches with multimedia tools and gamification, teachers can create dynamic, relevant, and motivating learning environments. The study underscores that sustaining attention is essential not only for immediate engagement but also for fostering long-term language competence and learner autonomy.
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Статья научная
Present article examines the linguo-stylistic expression of the protagonist Tanabai’s personal identity in Chingiz Aitmatov’s *Farewell, Gul’sary!* based on its English translation by John French. The object of the study is the literary text of the translation, and the subject is the linguistic representation of Tanabai’s personal identity through the parallelism of his fate with that of his horse, Gul’sary. The aim of the study is to identify and analyze the lexical and figurative-metaphorical means by which the protagonist’s personal identity is expressed indirectly through the image of the horse. The methodological basis of the study is a linguistic and stylistic analysis, mainly at the lexical and stylistic levels, incorporating elements of interpretive and contextual analysis. Particular attention is paid to such techniques as symbolic metaphorization. The study found that the image of Gul’sary functions as a linguistically shaped alter ego of Tanabai: changes in the description of the horse’s movement, strength, submission, and aging simultaneously reflect the transformation of the hero’s personal identity. Gul’sary’s death is interpreted as a symbolic death of Tanabai’s true identity. The obtained results confirm that linguo-stylistic analysis of literary translation allows us to identify the underlying mechanisms of identity representation.
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Motivating Features of the Concept of Life in the Turkish Linguistic Picture of the World
Статья научная
The study examines motivating features and underlines the conceptualization of the concept of life in the Turkish linguistic picture of the world. Delving into cognitive linguistics and etymological dictionaries from different periods, it explores how the origins, from the point of view of different scholars, shape the semantic field of the concept of life in the Turkish language. The main point of this research is the essential role it plays in shaping the inner understanding of the concept of life among Turkish society, transferring its meaning and importance throughout time from the past to today. By exploring the etymological dictionaries, the study explores how the concept stayed at its origin and gained other meanings throughout time. Through this examination, the authors seek to clarify how the concept of life was formed, represented, and appreciated throughout the history of the Turkish linguistic view of the world.
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Motivating Features of the Concept ‘Sky’ in the Kyrgyz Linguistic Picture of the World
Статья научная
This paper explores the concept of sky in the Kyrgyz linguistic picture of the world. It is widely known that a concept is a multifaceted mental construct formed by a multi-layered structure. The study analyzes data from etymological dictionaries for the purpose of identifying the fundamental ideas or perceptions of the Kyrgyz mentality underlying the concept of "sky". The revealed motivating features allow us to define its initial linguistic image. Moreover, to determine the relevance of the identified motivating features, examples of their verbalization are examined, confirming their functioning in real life.
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Motivating Features of the Concepts Zhurok and Heart
Статья научная
The concept is widely known to have a multi-level structure. Emerging as a subjective pictorial image, it then acquires new conceptual layers at different historical periods. The center of the image, its inner form is actualized by motivating features of the concept. The article analyses the cognitive features of the concept Zhurok/Heart in the Kyrgyz and English pictures of the world. The aim of the article is to identify the motivating features of the concept Zhurok/Heart relying on the data of lexicographic sources (etymological dictionaries) and trace the development of the conceptual characteristics. The paper has three main tasks: 1) to analyse etymological dictionaries; 2) to determine the spectrum of motivating features of the concept under study; 3) to compare the findings in the light of the theory of mentality. The main methods in the work are historical and etymological analysis of the representation of the concept under study, and descriptive and interpretative methods. The research methodology encompasses cognitive linguistic approaches to conceptual analysis, comparative linguistics, and cultural-semantic investigation of language units across different linguistic systems. In the course of the study, five main groups of motivating features of the concept Zhurok/Heart were identified: "inside, inner", "center", "soul", "courage, bravery" and "movement". The comparative analysis reveals both universal and culturespecific characteristics of heart conceptualization in Kyrgyz and English mentalities. The findings demonstrate how etymological motivating features influence contemporary semantic structures and metaphorical expressions in both languages, contributing to cross-cultural understanding of fundamental human concepts.
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Статья научная
This article explores the use of mountains and climate as metaphors in the linguistic and cultural descriptions of the mother-in-law figure across various societies. By examining how harsh and unpredictable mountain climates are used to symbolize the perceived complexities and challenges of the mother-in-law relationship, the study highlights the role of environmental metaphors in shaping cultural attitudes and familial dynamics. The analysis draws from a range of linguistic expressions, proverbs, and cultural narratives that associate the traits of mountains and climate, such as resilience, severity, and endurance, with the character and societal role of the mother-in-law. This research underscores the interplay between language, environment, and social structures, revealing how natural landscapes and climates can influence and reflect cultural perceptions of familial relationships.
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National Image Building in the Context of Kyrgyzstan’s Soft Power Strategies
Статья научная
In today’s international relations, the influence of states is not limited to their military and economic capacities. Cultural appeal, political values and a positive image on a global scale also become determining factors in foreign policy success. In this context, the concept of “soft power” developed by Joseph Nye is increasingly gaining strategic importance, especially for developing countries. For developing countries such as Kyrgyzstan, soft power stands out as an effective tool for supporting foreign policy goals without resorting to pressure or coercion. Kyrgyzstan has a remarkable soft power potential with its rich cultural heritage and increasing international visibility. In order to activate this potential, projects focused on culture and education, diaspora activities, promotion of tourism and promotion of art and traditions play an important role. In addition, diplomatic missions not only conduct official relations; they also assume a central function in terms of public diplomacy, cultural interaction and information sharing. This study examines the social media activities of Kyrgyzstan’s embassies in strategically important countries (USA, China, Russia, Türkiye, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan) in line with Kyrgyzstan’s foreign policy priorities and regional sensitivities using descriptive content analysis. In this context, it is evaluated how digital diplomacy tools contribute to the process of building national image and supporting foreign policy goals.
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National characteristics of the Kyrgyz Republic regarding the priority of human rights and freedoms
Статья научная
This article discusses the national characteristics of the priority of political rights and freedoms of individuals and citizens in the Kyrgyz Republic. The authors examine the development of normative legislation in the Kyrgyz Republic. At the current stage, an important part of the human rights institution and its further phased development since independence are highlighted. The necessity of maintaining a balance between the priority of human rights and freedoms and national security is noted.
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Navigating anxiety through defense mechanisms: a truth perspective on human ignorance and awareness
Статья научная
In a world where the pursuit of truth is paramount, this article explores the intricate relationship between human ignorance, anxiety, and the defense mechanisms employed to cope with these existential challenges.
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Objectivity in Historiography: A Comparative Analysis of Marxist and Postmodern Approaches
Статья научная
This article analyzes the problem of objectivity in historiography in a comparative way, within the context of Marxist and postmodern approaches. The aim of the study is to determine the place, possibilities, and limitations of objectivity in the approaches of both theoretical directions to the science of history. While Marxist historiography explains objectivity through the principles of class analysis and historical materialism, the postmodern approach emphasizes the relative and constructive nature of historical knowledge. The article presents the theoretical foundations of both directions, methodological differences, and critical views on the claims of objectivity. Also, the application of these approaches is compared using a specific historical event as an example. As a result, it is determined that the concept of objectivity in historiography is controversial and variable, and Marxist and postmodern theories approach this concept from different directions.
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On the Comparative Study of the Kyrgyz Epic “Manas” and the Ancient Indian Epic “Mahabharata”
Статья научная
The heroic epic Manas, due to its grand scale and fantastically rich content, as well as its artistic perfection, figurative expressiveness, and the wealth of both verbal and visual means, holds a well-deserved place among the outstanding monuments of the world’s epic heritage. Comparative analysis of Manas with other world epics contributes to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of its narrative and artistic features. According to researchers, in the Middle Ages, the ancestors of the Kyrgyz people were part of the Great Turkic Khaganate, which maintained cultural ties with many countries, including India. There are studies that confirm this historical connection. This article presents a comparative analysis of the great Indian epic Mahabharata (The Tale of the Great Bharata), translated by Nurgazy Kemelbaev and Kenesh Jusupov, and the work Tengir Manas in the version by Ashym Zhakypbekov. The study is aimed at identifying similarities and differences in the prose versions of these epic narratives. Examining typological parallels between the Indian epic Mahabharata and the Kyrgyz epic Manas allows for a deeper exploration of the originality of the latter, as each epic is a unique cultural monument shaped by the specific cultural, historical, and mental characteristics of its people.
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Organization of distance learning in mountain climate conditions in universities of Kyrgyzstan
Статья научная
This article examines the unique features of organizing and implementing distance learning in higher education institutions located in mountainous regions of the Kyrgyz Republic. The study focuses on the organizational and pedagogical challenges faced by universities, such as limited access to stable internet connectivity, technological infrastructure constraints, and the impact of the mountain climate on the effectiveness of online education. The article explores strategies and solutions for improving the quality of distance learning in these regions, including the use of adaptive learning technologies, specialized teacher training, and the development of flexible educational models that account for regional specificities. The findings highlight the need for tailored approaches to distance education that meet the unique demands of students and educators in mountainous areas.
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Статья научная
The article examines the processes of immigration (muhajirism) of Ossetes to the Ottoman Empire in the mid-XIX century and their subsequent internal migrations in Eastern and Central Anatolia. It evaluates the specifics of economic, social, and ethnopolitical adaptation and integration of the migrants and the construction of their own socio-cultural diasporic space in their new homeland. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the relationships of Ossetes with the indigenous population of the regions of settlement and with other North Caucasian muhajirs.
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Статья научная
The article explores how the relationship between part and whole is manifested in family-related concepts through metaphors and metonymies. By examining linguistic expressions in Russian and English, the study reveals the cognitive mechanisms that underpin familial relationships and how these relationships are conceptualized in the mental linguistic worldview of native speakers. The comparative analysis highlights the similarities and differences in how family concepts are constructed and understood across these two languages, offering insights into the cultural and linguistic factors that shape these representations.
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Perspective planning of modern education: strategic approaches and development trends
Статья научная
The article analyses the main priority areas and challenges, drawing on international research in the field of long-term educational planning. Key planning components are also commented on in the context of digital transformation, inclusion, teacher training and assessment systems. The article analyzes the principles of strategic planning in education at the international level and conducts a comparative study of the experience of countries such as Finland, Singapore and Azerbaijan. The purpose of the study is to analyze successful strategies of various countries and propose models and approaches that can be applied in Azerbaijani education. The article also analyzes the methodologies and strategic approaches used to improve the process of long-term planning in the higher education system of Azerbaijan. Modern methods and approaches used for proper planning of the future development of higher education institutions were also considered. The article analyzed strategic approaches and trends in the development of long-term planning in the modern education system; the study used both qualitative and quantitative methods.
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Practical Needs’ Analysis of Some Bilingual Students
Статья научная
This report diagrams an ESP (English for Particular Purposes) course outlined for pre-service Agronomy understudies at a legislative college. The understudies, matured 20-25, have halfway English capability stemming from shifted learning foundations. The ESP course addresses a basic require: preparing future agronomists with the dialect abilities fundamental to communicate successfully with worldwide accomplices in regions such as innovation procurement, natural item obtainment, and universal exchange of agrarian items. The course centers on pertinent phrasing, comprehension of specialized documentation, and creating communication aptitudes through needs-based exercises like role-playing and expressive assignments. A course in cross-cultural nursing served as a demonstrate for coordination comprehensive aptitude advancement with context-based materials, which is able serve as a foundation for viable and compelling communication within the worldwide agrarian division.
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Статья научная
The development of sustainable learning motivation in primary school learners is a crucial factor in their academic success and personal growth. This article examines the psychological and pedagogical conditions that contribute to the formation of stable motivation, including the role of emotional engagement, teacher-student interaction, and the application of innovative teaching methods. The study is based on theoretical analysis and empirical research, incorporating the views of prominent scholars in the field. The findings highlight the importance of a supportive educational environment and differentiated instruction in fostering long-term motivation.
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This article examines the development of agricultural cooperation in Kyrgyzstan and the prerequisites for its formation, which is highly relevant to the country's socioeconomic development. Financing options for agriculture are analyzed. This will result in the development of agricultural cooperatives in the country, aimed at creating favorable conditions for their effective operation, improving financial and credit support for cooperative forms of management, organizing rural infrastructure, introducing elements of cooperative management in agriculture, and developing a system of scientific, informational, and advisory support for cooperatives. The development of individual entrepreneurship contributes to the formation of a class of small and medium-sized owners as the basis for stability in the country's economy, politics, and social sphere. For this to be achieved, positive changes are needed in the ratio of the growth in the number of small businesses to their contribution to GDP.
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