Социальные и гуманитарные науки. Рубрика в журнале - Бюллетень науки и практики
Статья научная
This article presents a comparative analysis of the teaching methodologies employed for English and Chinese language instruction in technological universities. It examines both traditional and innovative pedagogical approaches, highlighting their integration with technical curricula and the specific challenges encountered in such environments. By reviewing current literature and analyzing empirical data, the study identifies key factors influencing language acquisition, including curriculum design, teacher qualifications, and the application of educational technology. The findings offer insights into optimizing language instruction to enhance both linguistic proficiency and professional competencies, and they provide recommendations for curriculum development and policy-making in higher education.
Бесплатно
Comparative Analysis of Universal Cultural Values in Kyrgyz and Turkish Phraseological Units
Статья научная
This study draws on several aspects of comparative analysis (comparative analysis of related languages, comparative typological analysis of languages by semantic groups, and areal analysis) and the research is conducted based on the related languages - Kyrgyz and Turkish. Communicative phraseological expressions, proverbs, and sayings were analyzed in order to identify the national character, national values, and similarities and differences in the perception of the related linguistic cultures within the surrounding world. Similar phrases, associated with national and cultural standards and values, have become entrenched in the language, in the oral speech in particular. They most vividly and accurately convey the life experience of a people, everything that has become ingrained in their consciousness as acceptable or unacceptable, positive or negative based on the assessment of certain life phenomena, situations, actions, etc. Phraseological expressions (proverbs and sayings) reflect the ethical culture, moral principles, mentality, and specific national character of a people. National character is a set of specific physical and spiritual qualities, norms of behavior, and activities typical to representatives of a particular nation. National character is also understood as mentality, a worldview or perception defined by national customs, lifestyle, morality, and thought. The quantity and quality of phraseological units reflecting positive or negative evaluations of the concepts presented for analysis can be considered an indicator of the ethical norms of behavior, rules of social life, adopted in related cultures, and the ethnic group’s attitude toward the world through its culture and language.
Бесплатно
Comparative analysis of rural and urban English language education
Статья научная
This paper explores the differences in English language education between rural and urban schools, focusing on the factors influencing learning outcomes. The study examines access to qualified teachers, teaching materials, technological resources, and student motivation. Trends and new directions in English language education are discussed, alongside a comparative analysis of proficiency levels in rural and urban settings. The research employs qualitative and quantitative methods to assess disparities and suggest improvements for equitable language education.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
This article explores the sentencing practices for crimes committed against minors in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries, providing a comparative analysis of legislative frameworks, judicial approaches, and the application of punitive and rehabilitative measures, highlighting similarities, differences, legal gaps, and offering recommendations for harmonizing practices.
Бесплатно
Concept of “ай”/“moon’’ in Kyrgyz and English anthroponyms
Статья научная
This article examines the concept of “Ай”/”Moon” in Kyrgyz and English anthroponyms. The relevance of the work lies in the study of the concept of the celestial body in the comparative aspect of the mentioned languages. The proper name is derived from the complex of factors that constitute the structure of the society of the native speakers of a given language and therefore it is an excellent object within the framework of the study of the concept. In the course of the analysis, a qualitative method was applied, which revealed that the concept of the moon is more expressed in Kyrgyz anthroponyms regardless of gender and in various combinations, while in English anthroponyms the concept appears indirectly reflecting the influence of Greek and Roman mythology.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Concepts and categories are fundamental to human cognition, allowing individuals to organize and interpret vast amounts of information efficiently. This article explores the cognitive processes involved in concept formation, including perception, categorization, and conceptualization. It examines key theories such as prototype theory, exemplar theory, and the classical view of concepts. Additionally, the role of perception in concept formation is analyzed, highlighting its influence on cognitive development. The interdisciplinary nature of concept formation, integrating insights from psychology, linguistics, and neuroscience, is emphasized. Understanding concept formation is crucial for fields such as education, artificial intelligence, and communication, providing insights into human learning, problem-solving, and cognitive development.
Бесплатно
Definition and Characteristics of Youth Language
Статья научная
Examines the phenomenon of youth language as a sociolinguistic phenomenon. The definition of the youth language is given, its main characteristics are highlighted: lexical mobility, emotionality, expressivity and group identity. Its functions in the youth environment are analyzed, including its role in communication, self-identification and cultural expression. The influence of globalization and digital technologies on the formation of modern youth slang is noted.
Бесплатно
Developing creativity in primary school students through problem-based learning
Статья научная
Creativity is a crucial skill for the 21st century, especially for young learners in primary education. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has emerged as an effective pedagogical approach to fostering creativity by engaging students in real-world problems and encouraging critical thinking. This paper explores the theoretical foundations of PBL and its role in developing creativity in primary school students. The study examines historical perspectives, provides definitions of key terms, and reviews scientific perspectives on creativity development. Additionally, the research outlines methodologies, discusses results, and presents conclusions on the effectiveness of PBL in enhancing creative thinking among young learners.
Бесплатно
Developing critical thinking through English language teaching
Статья научная
In today’s globalized and rapidly changing world, the ability to think critically is a vital skill for learners in all disciplines, especially in language education. This article explores the integration of critical thinking development into English language teaching (ELT), emphasizing how English classrooms can serve as a platform for fostering analytical, evaluative, and reflective thinking skills. By examining theoretical frameworks, practical methods, and classroom strategies, the article offers insight into how critical thinking can be promoted alongside linguistic competence. The paper concludes with recommendations for educators and implications for curriculum development.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
This study aims to develop methodologies for assessing the return on investment (ROI) of digital projects, crucial for understanding the economic impact of digital innovations on enterprises. Traditional ROI metrics often fail to capture the comprehensive value generated by digital projects. The proposed integrative framework employs advanced analytical methods, including cost-benefit analysis, real options analysis, and predictive analytics, to evaluate both tangible and intangible benefits. It incorporates dynamic risk management and scenario planning to address uncertainties and future challenges. Continuous feedback and iterative improvements ensure the framework's accuracy and relevance, enabling enterprises to optimize economic efficiency and strategic decision-making. This holistic approach offers an understanding of the multifaceted value of digital innovations.
Бесплатно
Development and Assessment of Personal-Creative Potential in Professional Training
Статья научная
This study focuses on the pedagogical and psychological aspects of developing personal creativity potential and shaping the creative abilities of students in the pedagogy field during professional development. The research involved students of the pedagogy program at network centers of the Institutes for Retraining and Advanced Training of Pedagogical Personnel within the higher education system. To assess the creative potential of the participants, responses to 51 questions based on Ye. E. Tunik’s “Personal Creativity Diagnostics” methodology were analyzed. Creativity was examined from four perspectives: product, process, ability, and psychological viewpoint, which facilitates the formation of an individualized approach during professional development and supports the enhancement of students’ creative potential. The results indicated a high interest in creative activity, innovation, and experimentation among participants, while in some cases, conservative attitudes and passivity were observed. The developed indicators for assessing personal creativity potential-overall efficiency index, originality index, and uniqueness index-provide a systematic and scientifically grounded way to identify students’ creative capabilities. Furthermore, the findings serve as a foundation for the implementation of innovative reflexive methodological approaches, psychological support, and the design of assignments aimed at fostering independent creative activity for both educators and professional development systems.
Бесплатно
Development of Children's Literature in Kyrgyzstan
Статья научная
The evolution of children’s literature in Kyrgyzstan represents a dynamic journey from ancient oral traditions to a sophisticated, multifaceted written genre. This study explores the historical trajectory of the field, beginning with its roots in the preservation of indigenous folklore by early pioneers such as J. Mukambaev. During the Soviet era, Kyrgyz youth literature underwent significant formalization under the framework of socialist realism, guided by the profound influence of literary figures like Chingiz Aitmatov, who integrated universal humanism with national motifs. Following the declaration of independence in 1991, the literary landscape experienced a critical shift toward reclaiming national cultural heritage and reinforcing ethnic identity. Contemporary authors, notably T. Samudinov and S. Rysbaev, continue this legacy by synthesizing pedagogical innovations with traditional motifs to engage modern audiences. However, despite this rich historical evolution, the sector currently faces formidable challenges, including the rise of digital competition, shifting media consumption habits among youth, and a concerning decline in literacy rates. This paper argues that while the transition from oral to written forms has been successful, the future of the genre depends on the synergy between traditional values and modern storytelling techniques. Furthermore, it highlights that sustained government initiatives and the establishment of national literary prizes remain essential for fostering high-quality, modern literature. By analyzing the intersection of tradition and transformation, this research underscores the vital role of children’s literature in preserving the linguistic and cultural sovereignty of Kyrgyzstan in a globalized era.
Бесплатно
Didactic Foundations of Choosing and Presenting Artistic and Aesthetic Content to Students
Статья научная
This article describes the expediency of relying on clear didactic laws and evidence when choosing educational materials of artistic and aesthetic content, the use of several methods for effectively presenting students and expanding their cognitive perception, pedagogical approaches when choosing educational materials of artistic and aesthetic content.
Бесплатно
Digital transformation in education: the beginning of a new era
Статья научная
Digital technology is a powerful tool that can support and transform education in many ways, from making it easier for teachers to choose learning materials to enabling learners to create new ways of learning. that digital transformation is one of the main factors that guarantee quality education.
Бесплатно
Discursive strategies of describing childhood in the context of mountain climate
Статья научная
This article explores the discursive strategies used to describe childhood in the context of mountain climates, comparing English and Kyrgyz languages. The study aims to identify how climatic conditions influence linguistic expressions and cultural perceptions of childhood in these two languages. By analyzing literary texts, folklore, and everyday discourse, the research reveals the specific features and commonalities in the depiction of childhood within mountainous environments. The findings highlight the role of environmental factors in shaping discourses about childhood and provide insights into the intersection of language, culture, and nature.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article examines the use of simulations and role-playing activities supported by digital tools as an effective pedagogical condition for developing professional competencies among future history teachers. The study focuses on integrating interactive technologies such as Google Jamboard and Padlet into the learning process to model historical events, debates, and classroom teaching situations. Within these activities, students take on the role of teachers and design lesson plans for virtual classrooms, which allows them to apply subject knowledge, develop pedagogical strategies, and practice communication and classroom management skills. The results indicate that digital simulations and role-playing methods contribute to deeper understanding of historical content, improve collaborative learning, and strengthen professional competencies required for modern teaching practice. The findings highlight the importance of integrating digital tools and experiential learning methods into teacher education programs to create an engaging and professionally oriented learning environment.
Бесплатно
Environmental education as a condition of human potential
Статья научная
The article explains the directions of the formation of human potential of the concept of ecological education. The concept of human potential is understood as a reflection of an individual’s self-confidence and their capacity for growth and transformation. The factor of development and real exploration of human potential is the individual’s satisfaction with his activity, combined with the desire to grow and develop in a certain area. Human potential encompasses the physical and spiritual capabilities of individuals that can be directed toward achieving both personal and societal objectives, particularly through the pursuit of self-actualization. The main content is the preservation and development of people’s individual spiritual, cultural and humanistic world, in which environmental education plays a special role. The main component of environmental education is educational potential and is indicated as human potential concerning a person through one of the main areas. The principles of human potential development in the field of environmental education are substantiated: stimulation of raising the level of ecological culture of the population, especially young people; establishment of effective interaction between regional authorities, large enterprises, public organizations and environmental activists; identification of the functions of human potential in the provision of resources in the field of environmental education. Here, environmental education and awareness, which contribute to the humanistic, spiritual, moral and social development of the individual, are currently becoming relevant in the context of the formation of human potential. The ecological education carried out by representatives of formal and non-formal education, as well as their interaction techniques with other institutions of society, are analyzed. The substantial aspects of the modern development of ecological education, as well as the primary problems in this area, are considered.
Бесплатно
Ethical principles and censorship practices in simultaneous interpretation
Статья научная
The article examines the ethical principles and censorship practices in simultaneous interpretation, emphasizing that this process is an integral part of a translator's professional activity. It analyzes the need to maintain a balance between translation accuracy and adherence to the cultural and social norms of the audience. The article explores theoretical approaches to censorship, including neutrality, harm minimization, and respect for cultural differences, as well as practical methods such as omission, soft reformulation, adaptation, and paraphrasing. Practical examples are analyzed where censorship of texts helps to avoid conflicts and misunderstandings. It is emphasized that effective censorship requires not only the translator's professional knowledge and skills but also the ability to promptly adapt the text depending on the context and cultural characteristics of the audience.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article examines the effectiveness of the competency-based approach in managing protocol services during the preparation and execution of international summits and conferences. It analyzes the role of key professional competencies—such as communication, organizational, intercultural, and legal skills—in ensuring high standards of protocol management. The study highlights how the integration of competency-based models into personnel management contributes to optimizing the organization of large-scale diplomatic events, improving staff performance, and reducing protocol-related risks. Special attention is paid to training programs, digital tools, and practical simulations that strengthen the professional readiness of protocol officers. The findings suggest that a well-structured competency framework enhances coordination between protocol services and diplomatic bodies, fosters intercultural sensitivity, and facilitates successful international interactions. Recommendations are proposed for improving training systems and implementing advanced assessment methods to measure the impact of competency development on the overall quality of protocol operations.
Бесплатно
Evolution of the Concept of “Cyber Sovereignty” in International Law
Статья научная
The article examines the evolution of the concept of “cyber sovereignty” within the framework of international law. As digital technologies reshape global governance and interstate relations, the traditional understanding of sovereignty is undergoing significant transformation in cyberspace. The study explores how states interpret and operationalize cyber sovereignty in response to transnational cyber threats, data governance challenges, and the increasing strategic importance of digital infrastructure. The research analyzes doctrinal approaches to cyber sovereignty, the applicability of classical principles of international law — such as territorial integrity, non-intervention, and due diligence — to cyberspace, and the growing tensions between national control over digital resources and the global nature of the Internet. Particular attention is paid to competing models of digital governance, including state-centric regulatory approaches and multistakeholder frameworks. The article also considers the implications of cyber sovereignty for human rights protection, cross-border data flows, and international cooperation in cybersecurity. Methodologically, the study employs formal-legal, comparative, and systemic analysis to assess the transformation of sovereignty in the digital age. The findings suggest that cyber sovereignty is evolving from a purely territorial notion toward a functional and regulatory paradigm that seeks to reconcile state authority with international legal obligations and the protection of fundamental rights. The article concludes that future international regulation must balance sovereign digital control with the need for interoperability, cooperation, and universal legal standards in cyberspace.
Бесплатно
