Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика @economyandbusiness
Статьи журнала - Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Все статьи: 8200
Structurization of knowledge arrays using cognitive modeling tools
Статья научная
The article presents the results of research and modeling of the structuring of knowledge sets. Finding a solution to this pressing problem is especially important in the current period of development of our country. To achieve this, it is proposed to use cognitive modeling tools. A knowledge representation model has been developed. It is an extension of the existing model in cognitive modeling in the form of a signed digraph and is based on a conceptual model of knowledge representation in the form of a knowledge field. The novelty of the research results lies in the description of the studied bodies of knowledge in structural and functional aspects. The cognitive map of the body of knowledge is described in the functional system of the knowledge field, and the results of its structural and functional decomposition are described in the conceptual system of the knowledge field.
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Study of definition of "educational services" in economic science
Статья научная
The aim of the study is to analyze the definition of "educational services" in economic science. The author analyzes the definitions associated with the provision and receipt of educational services. The following methods were used for the study: empirical methods (the study of normative legal acts and scientific-methodological literature; content analysis of scientific sources; monitoring of publications); methods of theoretical analysis (comparative and retrospective one; specification and generalization; classification; induction and deduction). The results are of great scientific importance - three scientific facts about the definition of "educational services" are shown. At the same time, the author proposes to use the new meaning of the definition of " educational services". The definition of "educational services" is an element of the educational activities of the provider and the consumer, with the aim of satisfying the established and perceived educational preferences of the consumer. The results can be used to study the processes of providing and receiving of educational services.
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Статья научная
Provided the impact of sanction restrictions such problem as competitive ability of Russian enterprises at both internal and external markets can be solved by means of activation of the development of its intellectual potential, directly influencing its enhancement. Many foreign and national economists recognize that the development of the intellectual potential directly influences the enhancement of the competitive ability of not only certain enterprises, but also of branches and economics of different countries. The analysis of results of scientific researchers of foreign and Russian authors showed that till the present time there is no common determination of the intellectual potential, neither clear perception of its economic essence and structural components. With that many scientists, while offering different approaches to the determination of such a notion, fairly assume that in modern conditions the intellectual potential became one of most important factors of the economics’ development. With that as main peculiarity of its formation should be considered the growth of the number of structural components simultaneously with the sophistication and enhancement of the dynamics of manufacturing of the innovative production, works and services. The article substantiates the need for the incorporation of new components into the intellectual potential structure, what can be considered as modern novations at the analysis of the studied notion. Above mentioned circumstances make the topic of this article timely for the modern stage of development of Russian economics.
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Systemic principles and regularities of commercial enterprise as a socio-economic system
Статья научная
In this paper, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature on the theory of organizational management and the economy of an organization, the authors study system principles and some regularities of the functioning of commercial enterprises in conditions of free competition and the operation of a market mechanism. The authors proved that commercial organizations in the modern national economy act as a socio-economic system.
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Targeting inflation: goals and content
Статья научная
The article discusses the main provisions of inflation targeting as the main method for implementing the monetary policy of the Bank of Russia. The features of the application of this method in Russia are briefly described. The advantages and disadvantages of inflation targeting are described. The influence of the increase in the value added tax (VAT) rate on inflation dynamics in the Russian Federation is considered. It is concluded that non-monetary factors of inflation, which are very significant in the Russian economy, remain outside the purview of the CBR, and the inflation expectations of economic entities are much higher than the target, and sofar the CBR cannot fix it.
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Статья научная
Many enterprises of the Russian defense-industrial complex (DIC), along with the production of innovative multi-product military products, are engaged in the production of various types of civilian products. At different periods of time, they are all faced with the need to resolve issues of expanding the range and increasing the volume of innovative products produced. Typically, for this purpose, enterprises modernize existing technological equipment or use other production factors. This approach ensures an increase in production volumes in accordance with the new demands of sales markets. It is carried out taking into account changes in production technologies, the composition of labor resources and the structure of fixed assets, reducing unit costs and labor intensity, analyzing supply and demand in certain segments of product markets in different periods of time. For a specific development option for the enterprise, a model for optimizing the characteristics of the production process is formed by solving linear programming problems. The coefficients of variables in solving these problems depend on parameters that take into account the adaptation of the model representation of a specific situation to real conditions. The proposed optimization technology can be used in the activities of multi-product enterprises of the Russian defense industry to expand the range and increase the volume of innovative products produced.
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Territory marketing as a way to attract foreign investment
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the use of such a tool as territory marketing, which is necessary to attract foreign investment. The article takes into account the current geopolitical situation affecting the economy of the Russian Federation. International ratings are considered, in historical dynamics. The necessity of attracting foreign investments for the renewal of fixed assets in the country and the use of terrain branding for this purpose is revealed.
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The Maastricht treaty: historical turning point eventually led to crisis
Статья научная
The article is devoted to consideration of the fundamental shortcomings of the Treaty of the European Union, which reflected the euro-crisis. An assumption is made, that for such countries as Greece, Ireland and Portugal to overcome the pressing economic situation the initial policy of the member-states must be reconsidered and certain measures on the supranational European level are to be introduced. In the final part possible exact steps to solve the crisis in Europe are suggested.
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The application of digital technology as a means of combating the pandemic
Статья научная
This article is concerned with reflecting on the digital technologies importance by analyzing their use during the coronavirus spread. The digitalization role in all areas of public life - from medicine to education - is demonstrated. The pandemic, turning into a major worldwide crisis, required states, organizations, institutions, and individuals to develop strategies to combat it. The results indicate that digitalization has contributed to global economic survival by providing industry automation, ecommerce, and support for high risk occupations. While this paper focuses on the digitalization role in the virus era, these discussions can to a high extent be applied in other timeframes. Even though digitization alone is incapable of ending the virus, the study delves deeper into the search for its true potential. The true opportunity potential also represents the ubiquity of connectivity to audio and video applications such as Google, Zoom and Skype, linking people together and facilitating elearning.
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The concept of inflation and deflation: which is worse for the economy?
Статья научная
The article examines two key economic phenomena - inflation and deflation, and also analyzes their causes, types and consequences for economic stability. Inflation is defined as a persistent increase in prices that reduces the purchasing power of money. Deflation, on the other hand, is a decrease in the general price level, which, although it increases the purchasing power of money, can lead to negative consequences such as economic stagnation and increased unemployment. The article also discusses in detail the main causes of inflation and deflation. The article concludes by comparing the economic impacts of inflation and deflation, emphasizing that each presents unique issues and challenges. Inflation can lead to loss of purchasing power, uncertainty, income redistribution and reduced competitiveness. Deflation can contribute to the emergence of a debt trap, a reduction in production and investment costs, and increased economic stagnation. The author comes to the conclusion that both phenomena require a careful approach on the part of decision makers in the field of economic policy in order to minimize their negative impact on the economy.
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The concept of inflation and its’ essential role in the economy
Статья научная
Inflation is one of the key categories of economic theory. Its regulation helps to solve various social and economic problems, and its timely forecasting contributes to the optimal management of economic activities of the subjects. The correct assessment of the future rate of change in prices for goods and services to achieve success in the implementation of projects, determine the break-even point and find the optimal price of products, which will help maximize profits. In addition, accurate forecasting of the level of inflation helps to reduce the costs in the future, which increase during the crisis phenomena in economic systems. This article discusses the main theoretical principles of inflation in terms of theoretical provisions that can be used to predict the speed of price indices for future periods.
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Статья научная
The article examines the main aspects of the development of the Bank of Russia's supervisory activities as a mega-regulator of the financial market. Five main institutional models of the organization of banking supervision, functioning in foreign practice, are characterized. The study of models of financial supervision of foreign countries with developed markets makes it possible to form a combined model of supervision over financial market entities, which is, according to a number of researchers, the most effective model of supervision and regulation. This model is based on supervisory business-processes. In relation to the financial supervisor, the term "business-processes" is used in the meaning of "functional activities". The functions of the Bank of Russia as a mega-regulator of the financial market for control and supervision over financial and non-credit organizations are considered. It is emphasized that the activity of the Central Bank in the securities market is characterized by changes in the sphere of its regulation. As in the banking sector, their activities were influenced by the actions of the Central Bank. Having become a mega-regulator, the Bank of Russia has tightened its supervision over the professional activities of stock market participants.
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The gender wage gap among recent graduates in Kyrgyzstan: a quantitative analysis of workplace types
Статья научная
This paper explores the gender wage gap immediately following graduation, focusing on Kyrgyzstan. It examines how various factors, including workspace types - startups, corporations, and medium-sized companies - affect wages for male and female graduates. By analyzing survey data, economic implications, and visual representations, this research aims to shed light on the systemic barriers contributing to wage disparities and propose actionable solutions for promoting gender equality in the labor market.
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The impact of digital technologies on the business model of a modern company
Статья научная
The article analyzes approaches to business modeling, which for a number of reasons is especially effective in assessing the impact of the integration of digital technologies in the company's activities. The influence of end-to-end technologies on individual elements of the business model canvas is analyzed, and potential directions of their application are also indicated. The scale of the impact of digital technologies on the company's business model is estimated.
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The impact of ecosystem implementation on business
Статья научная
The article considers the reasons for the popularization of ecosystems in the modern economy as a result of the development of management and the transition of the economy from the traditional to the digital economy. The main factors that affect the implementation of the ecosystem in the business were identified. Based on the study of modern scientific literature, indicators were identified that show the impact of the introduction of the ecosystem on business. Also in this scientific article, a study of the impact of the introduction of ecosystems was conducted on the example of Sberbank based on the data found in the annual reports and other open sources of information and calculated in the course of the study. The data obtained in the course of the study were analyzed and conclusions were formed showing the impact of the introduction of the organizational structure of the ecosystem in the business.
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Статья научная
As the influence of domestic smartphones continues to grow in both domestic and international markets, corporate public relations play a crucial role as a bridge between businesses and customers, as well as between businesses and the public. Public relations are an essential component of modern business activities, aimed at shaping brand image and promoting corporate culture among customers and the public. As one of China's leading smartphone brands, Vivo holds a significant position in the Chinese smartphone market, making research related to its public relations worthy of in-depth exploration. This paper analyzes relevant theories of public relations and marketing planning, conducting a systematic analysis of Vivo's current public relations strategies. The analysis covers various dimensions, including public relations themed activities, target customer groups, marketing media, and Vivo's crisis awareness in public relations. Finally, recommendations for Vivo's public relations are proposed, aiming to provide references and insights for the public relations development of Vivo and other Chinese smartphone companies.
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Статья научная
This article discusses the role of economic institutions and the structure of the economy in maintaining the stability of the Federal budget, describes the mechanisms of institutional theory, which consists in the relationship between the Federal budget and the economy, and the importance of creating a favorable structure of the economy within the state.
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Статья научная
Based on the previous research on intercultural management, this paper covers the intercultural comparison of two electronic companies: Haier Electronics Group Co.Ltd of China and Panasonic Co., Ltd. Based on the concepts of Hofstede and Hall, this paper analyzes the approaches to sustainability of the two companies, which are from one sector but have a different national origin.
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The main dealers’ risks on stock markets
Статья научная
The dealer’s activity is always connected with risk. Besides, dealers’ activity is directly related to the stock market. In this case, the main risk is a risk of losing money because of internal and external factors associated with securities market. So, this article will answer the question: what kinds of risks are connected with dealers’ activity? A paper will be divided on to parts. Firstly, this article will study different types of risk and its factors. Then it will study the International law and practice on stock markets connected with dealer’s risks.
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Статья научная
The authors reviewed the process of forming in modern conditions the assessment of environmental and economic indicators of land use in general, sustainable land use, taking into account the emergence of a new outlook on the relationship between society and nature, highlighting its basic principles, and also outlined the basis for regulating land relations and strategic priorities ratings.
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