Статьи журнала - Вестник Алматинского технологического университета
Все статьи: 1205
Criterion of absolute stability of control systems
Статья научная
There was set a new criterion of absolute stability , which is a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a frequency criterion of absolute stability by V.M. Popov . The first time,the analytical conditions for absolute stability of nonlinear control system of the third order are obtained .T he explicit analytical conditions for the solvability of Aizerman’s problem is obtained
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DIAAS - усовершенствованная методика расчета биологической ценности пищевых продуктов и рационов
Статья научная
Для эффективного усовершенствования рецептур существующих изделий и разработки новых продуктов с повышенной биологической ценностью необходимо иметь точные методики оценки качества белка, которые не требуют значительных затрат времени и средств. В статье дано описание методики DIAAS, приведены необходимые данные для ее использования. На примере смеси пшеничной муки и изолята соевого белка показана форма расчета показателя DIAAS для продуктов и рецептур с многокомпонентным составом. Проведенные исследования позволяют обеспечить повышение степени достоверности расчетной оценки биологической ценности как уже существующих, так и проектируемых пищевых продуктов.
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Designing of protective clothing for use in welding
Статья научная
Based on the set of scientific research, show that the designed model for the welder as a base material can be used in the fabric "Prime FR350A", and for protective linings - «Flame FortW280». The results of the research led to the development the artistic-composition and design solutions of welder cloth in oil producing enterprise work conditions. The composition of welder costume is designed on a symmetrical shape partitioning that makes the impression of static balance, strength and reliability. Harmonious integrity was achieved by the proportionality of all parts and components of the composition to each other and to the human figure. Rational design provides sufficient freedom of movement, convenience of using this product and its individual elements by the functional and ergonomic layout of components. Jacket design includes ventilation holes to regulate the microclimate of the intern-cloth space.
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Determination of casein in milk
Статья научная
In the present study the precipitation of casein from the various milk samples such as cow milk, goat milk were studied. The technique of precipitation of casein is used to predict the protein content in the milk samples. It was found that the main components of casein have genetic variants that differ in several amino acid residues. These proteins have a molecular weight of about 20 thousand, an isoelectric point of about 4.7, contain an increased amount of proline (the polypeptide chain has a b-structure) and are resistant to denaturants.
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Статья научная
In order to take into account the actual conditions of the drying process of large-dispersed food materials located in a dense layer, having a different geometric shape, the coefficient of surface efficiency of the dried material is included into analytical description of the vacuum and atmospheric drying processes. The coefficient of surface efficiency of the dried material characterizes the ratio of the actual evaporation surface participating in the active heat and mass transfer to the total one. Experimental study of vacuum and atmospheric drying of large-dispersed materials having the shape of cube, parallelepiped and sphere at height of bulk layer 0,01-0,04 m is conducted. On the analysis of experimental data an empirical equation, allowing with a sufficient degree of reliability to take into account the actual surface evaporation, participating in active heat and mass transfer in processes of vacuum-atmospheric drying of large-dispersed food materials is obtained. The numerical values of the coefficient of surface efficiency of the dried materials with various shapes are determined.
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Determination of ecological safety and meat microbiological indicators
Статья научная
This article shows the increase of the role of preventive nutrition in ecological situation, which is aimed at strengthening the protective powers of organism as well as at the reduce of the risk of the influence of hazardous meat substances. The aim of the work is determination of ecological safety and microbiological indicators of molded meat products. Upon the results of conducted research it has been established that the use of raw materials of vegetable origin influences positively on a nutrition status, which is proved by a dynamics of indicators, characterizing ecological and microbiological status of researches in molded meat products. The results of the ecological safety researches showed the absence of toxic elements and radionuclides in a molded product, what guarantees toxic safety of the product and its further production at the enterprises of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Determination of the nutritional and biological value of semi-smoked sausage products made from beef
Статья научная
Sausage products belong to high-calorie products with their own taste and aroma and occupy a significant share in the meat products market of Kazakhstan. In the modern era, one of the most important directions in the creation of technology for meat products is to reduce the content of toxic substances in products and enrich their composition with vitamins, macro - and microelements through natural raw materials. The presented article shows the result of improving the quality indicators of finished products by adding vegetables to them in order to expand the range of semi-smoked beef sausages. Sausage products are meat products made from minced meat and heat - treated, their chemical composition and nutritional value are higher depending on the portion content, i.e. the content of complete proteins, irreplaceable polyunsaturated fatty acids, macro- and microelements and vitamins in the finished product the composition in the sausage recipe depends on the type and size of the portion. In the course of scientific work, it is planned to increase the nutritional and biological value of sausage by reducing the amount of nitrites and spices used in the production of sausages and adding vitamin-rich carrot juice instead. Carrot juice is a real depository of useful vitamins, micro and macroelements, and the antioxidants contained in it are able to prevent the appearance and development of malignant tumors. Especially vitamin A, which is contained in carrots, is characterized by strong antioxidant properties, it is formed from carotene, which enters our body, and it is easily absorbed through squeezed carrot juice. As a result of research, a recipe for new samples of semi-smoked sausages with the addition of carrot juice was created, a production technology was developed, and the nutritional and biological value of the resulting sausage product was determined. Carrot juice contributed to the formation of aroma, taste, color and high-quality characteristics of sausages.
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Determination of the optimal dose and exposure time for enzymatic extraction of pectin from melons
Статья научная
This article discusses the allocation of pectin from melons. In the study of technological modes (hydromodule, temperature) to obtain pectin-containing extract from melon pomace varieties «Torpedo», before the implementation of the enzyme preparation is carried out preliminary swelling of raw materials in water at a temperature of 48-50 0C for 12-15 hours. To work out the technological modes of obtaining pectin-containing extract from melon pomace varieties «Torpedo» by enzyme method, in the beginning worked out the optimal parameters: temperature and hydromodium to obtain pectin-containing extract.
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Determination of the parameters of freeze-drying honey
Статья научная
The article presents the results of studies of freeze-drying of various types of honey. The purpose of the research was to determine the optimal parameters for the freeze-drying of honey. The physical and chemical parameters of three types of honey produced in the East Kazakhstan region were previously studied. The results showed that the studied prototypes meet the regulatory requirements for the quality of natural honey. It has been established that in terms of moisture content, sunflower honey differs from mountain honey and sweet clover (15 %, 17.3 % and 17.2 %, respectively), and also contains a high amount of reducing sugars (87.9 %), however, the mass fraction of sucrose is 2.5 %. It is noted that the highest content of sucrose in mountain honey is 4.5 %. The diastase number is an indicator of the quality and naturalness of honey and, according to the requirements of GOST, should be at least 8 Gote units, the results show that the studied samples of honey contain from 13.1 to 15.1 units, which confirms the influence of the geographical origin of honey. According to the value of water activity, all types of honey are products with low humidity and long-term storage. The optimal technological modes of freeze-drying of honey have been established, which range from minus 30 °C to minus 40 °C degrees.
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Development and study of the ski package of clothes with improved operation properties
Статья научная
The article is devoted to methods of determination of physical - mechanical properties of membrane materials, nonwoven insulators and clothing package in general. The standard known methods and methods of research are described, as well as the influence of operational and production factors on the structure and properties of membrane tissues that form packs of clothing materials. The physical and mechanical properties of membrane tissues to abrasion in the plane have been investigated, tensile to fracture, elongation, indestructibility, vapour permeability, water resistance, thermal conductivity, breathability. The article presents a reasonable selection and characterization of research objects, materials that form packs of heat-resistant clothing: top tissues - membrane fabrics, insulation - nonwoven volumetric insulation, lining and auxiliary materials and developed packages of heat-proof clothing.
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Development of a loyalty program based on the results of content analysis and questionnaire survey
Статья научная
Currently, the hotel services market is experiencing an increased supply growth, while the demand for hotel services is naturally decreasing, which leads to increased competition between hotel enterprises. One of the real competitive advantages in the hotel business is the provision of higher quality services compared to competitors. It is vital for hotels to provide hospitality services that not only meet the needs of guests, but also anticipate most of the expectations of the target group. The presence of regular customers has a direct impact on the occupancy and use of the room fund and, ultimately, on the financial results of the hotel.
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Статья научная
The aim of the study is to obtain a non-woven material with flame retardant properties. The conditions of the process of fire-retardant finishing were as follows: an aqueous solution of preparations of various concentrations was applied by spraying onto the surface of the material, then drying was carried out and heat treatment on a thermal press. According to GOST R 50810-95, non-woven material made from flax and wool fibers, treated with a composition based on an aqueous solution of sodium phosphate and guanidine hydrochloride, is classified as a flame-retardant material. Also, tests for toxic and skin-irritating effects of non-woven material treated with the proposed composition showed its safety for human health.
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Development of a new variety of meat and vegetable cutlets
Статья научная
Modern problems of the food industry in Kazakhstan are considered. To solve these problems, a recipe for new meat chopped semi-finished products using dietary fiber has been developed. The analysis of physical and chemical indicators of samples of cutlets for fast food presented on the market of Kazakhstan was carried out. When comparing the mass fractions of protein in semi-finished meat products, an increase in the amount of protein was revealed when soy texturate has added. The relevance of the scientific article is that the meat industry is considered a strategic direction of the agricultural sector of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is part of the food security system. One of the main tasks set before the researcher was to choose the best proportion of soy texturate in the minced meat semi-finished product. The article provides an organoleptic evaluation of the control and experimental samples, on the basis of which a choice was made regarding the percentage of replacement of minced meat with soy texturate.
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Development of a polymer composition to protect textile material from bio-damage
Статья научная
The article presents a method for increasing the microbiological resistance of textile materials under operating conditions. Studies were conducted using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), maleic acid (MA) and a solution of silver ions (SI). This fabric was treated with an dressing composition to improve the antimicrobial properties of the textile material. In addition, research has been conducted to identify the physical and mechanical properties of samples treated with different concentrations of dressing composition, to prevent negative effects on the protection function and practicality of wear. The study revealed the most optimal concentrations of the composition components: PVA - 8 g/l, SI - 50 ml/l, MA - 5 g/l.
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Development of biopolymer based colorimetric indicator for monitoring of meat and fish freshness
Статья научная
The need to extend food products' shelf lives is growing as a result of efforts to cut expenses and minimize food waste. The food industry is interested in solutions that would make it easy to keep food fresh and safe for as long as the product is on sale. The purpose of the study is to develop a biopolymer-based colorimetric indicator for monitoring of meat and fish freshness. The significance of the research is to provide food safety via control of the freshness using green and cheap methods. The objects of the study are natural and artificial indicators. The paper presents natural indicators such as curcumin, pomegranate, beetroots, and carrot juice which were incorporated into the compositions of food freshness indicators. The obtained indicators were compared with an artificial indicator, bromothymol blue, and phenol red, concerning their volatile amine monitoring. Additionally, a model of volatile amine release based on the different ammonia solutions was applied in the research. The response of freshness indicators was estimated by the observation of color changes. Compared to the artificial indicators, the curcumin and pomegranate juices gave a similar response. Beetroot and carrot juices did not provide a desirable color change. Further research was made on the development of biopolymer containing freshness indicators based on bromothymol blue and phenol red. The indicators were evaluated for their response to the spoilage of fish and meat samples in the test tubes and in food packaging. Thus, two artificial indicators could be incorporated into effective food freshness indicators for smart packaging.
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Development of bread technology with the use of grain raw materials
Статья научная
Bread made with sourdough is the leader among other baked goods in nutritionist ratings. It is a wonderful source of energy and has a low glycemic index. Making bread using sourdough meets environmental requirements. The use of grain mixtures and their individual components helps to increase the nutritional value of bread and the quality of bread. This paper presents the possibilities of developing bread of nutritional value using sprouted components. The article presents the results of the study. Quality and nutritional value of bread with grain mixtures and components. Organoleptic, physical and chemical, microbiological and rheological studies of semi-finished products and bread of high nutritional value using grain components were carried out. It is proven that the introduction of 28 % of sourdough starter with components from grains, whish were prepared and sprouted in advance, to the mass of flour has a positive effect on the nutritional value of bread.
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Development of compound feed recipes for broiler chickens (13-28 days) using vermiculite
Статья научная
Recently, in the CIS countries and abroad, to compensate for the mineral deficiency of feed rations and reduce their cost, substances of natural origin have increasingly begun to be used: zeolites, travertines, sapropels, bentonites, etc. The prlackblem of the widespread use of natural minerals in the diet of farm animals and poultry represents a pressing issue, given their distinctive properties, waste-free technology, environmental friendliness, and relatively low cost. One of these minerals suitable for use in poultry nutrition is vermiculite (hydromica, hydrous silicate of magnesium and iron of variable composition). The purpose of the study is to determine the physicochemical composition of vermiculite from the Kulantau deposit, and its use as a mineral in the production of animal feed and development of compound feed recipes for broiler chickens Cobb500. The physicochemical parameters of vermiculite, a natural mineral, have been determined. The research analyses were carried out in the research laboratory for assessing the quality and safety of food products of the Almaty Technological University. Feed recipes were developed at LLP “AGRO FIT KAPSHAGAY”. The compound feed recipes for Cobb 500 broiler chickens of 13-28 days were tested at JSC “Alel agro”, in poultry house No. 3.
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Статья
In article, it is stated development and justification of optimum parameters of design of new special clothes for workers of the baking industry. The practical value of research consists in definition of model characteristics of overalls taking into account ergonomic requirements and the correct selection of textile materials the considering working conditions in hot rooms. In result of the conducted scientific research, been get the new overalls for employees of the baking industry confirmed, which prove to be true with the patent for industrial sample No. 2227of RK.
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Development of galette technology using pectin concentrate and whole-ground flour from cereals
Статья научная
The food industry, covering industries that produce goods for consumption by the population, is a central link in ensuring food security. In this regard, high-quality, medically balanced and safe nutrition is of utmost importance. In this regard, the use of pectin substances as natural detoxifiers and whole-ground flour in the production of galets will solve the problem of meeting the needs of the population in safe food products with high nutritional and biological value. The aim of the work was to develop galettes of increased nutritional value using pectin concentrate and whole-ground flour from cereals. The article examines the effect of beetroot pectin concentrate on the quality of galettes made from a mixture of wheat and whole-ground corn, buckwheat flour. The optimal dosage of whole-ground corn flour of 15%, buckweat flour - 20.0% in the production of galets from wheat flour of the first grade, in which the quality of finished products is similar to control samples, is justified and determined. It was found that the nutritional and biological value of the developed galettes is higher than in the control samples, the products obtained meet the safety requirements of TR CU 021/2011.
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Development of gerodietary meat products
Статья научная
The relevance of the presented research on the development of gerodietary meat products is due to the fact that the relative preferences shown by older people to various protein sources, including animal protein sources such as red meat and poultry, as well as alternative plant-based protein sources, have not yet been identified. The food choices of older adults have not been studied, nor have their preferences and willingness to pay for different carbon tags depending on the protein source. The purpose of the study is to consider the current state and prospects for the development of gerodietary meat products. This article is an exploratory attempt to describe potential pathways for the development of nutritionally balanced gerodietary meat products aimed at helping older adults maintain an active and healthy aging process. The object of the study is age-related changes in the consumption of meat products. Age undoubtedly affects thresholds for recognizing basic tastes, especially sweet and salty. In particular, higher threshold values for sucrose and sodium chloride were found among older people compared to young people. Higher taste recognition thresholds create a natural need to add sugar and salt to food. The research methodology was a qualitative content analysis of the collected material. At the first stage, the texts of publications devoted to the production of gerodietary meat products were read and re-read in their entirety, that is, the so-called naive reading was carried out. Then thoughts were recorded regarding the integrity and relatively important elements of the publications read, arising on the basis of impressions aroused under the influence of naive reading. Further, all parts of publications related to the purpose of researching gerodietary meat products were divided into approximately identical semantic units. Qualitative content analysis involved grouping gerodiet meat products by identifying common characteristics between them, according to production processes and ingredients. At the next stage, the semantic units were subject to codification, and a number of categories with subcategories arose. Finally, after all the texts of the publications had been read, the texts were compared with the results of the undertaken content analysis, which made it possible to verify the reality of the coverage of the content of the publication texts and codes by the selected categories and subcategories in full.
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