Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast @volnc-esc-en
Статьи журнала - Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast
Все статьи: 1640
Public administration efficiency and the aggravation of public health issues
Ред. заметка
December 3, 2015, the President of Russia Vladimir Putin delivered his annual Address to the Federal Assembly. Having analyzed the Address, experts pointed out the President’s worries and concerns about the efficiency of execution of development priorities he had set out.Vladimir Putin repeatedly urged the Government to implement effective measures on specific issues in the shortest time possible. However, it has not been done so far; therefore, we think that the President’s concern is reasonable.Recent research carried out by ISEDT RAS reveals certain alarming trends in the social health ofthe regional society.
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Public administration efficiency in 2000-2018 in the assessments of the region's population
Статья научная
Previous issues of our journal contain editorials devoted to the most acute issues of Russia's modern life and its future. Using expert assessments and the results of international, national and our own research, we touched upon key aspects of public administration efficiency in addressing the issues that ensure national security. These tasks are as follows: overcoming social inequality and “capitalism for the few”, ensuring the stability of the psychological state of society and promoting civic engagement of its main strata. We analyzed the state of affairs in science and education, in the economy and social sphere; we gave an objective assessment of the President's key speeches and analyzed how effectively the Government was implementing the President's orders (including those that were set out in the “May decrees”). We covered the most resonant events happening in the internal and international political arena. In the context of national security, we analyzed the correlation of interests of the general population and the elite...
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Public administration efficiency in studies of the Vologda research center of RAS
Статья научная
The article discusses the relevance of the problem for modern Russia, the main stages of development, and key research areas of employees of the Vologda Research Center RAS on the issues of evaluating and ensuring public administration efficiency. This topic has been a cross-cutting issue in the work of the Center employees since its foundation in 1990. The authors have proved that the variety of the studied issues, as well as the used methods, has been constantly developing. The paper demonstrates the formation of the agenda and subject of the work, and presents the achieved results, their scientific and practical significance, and promising areas for further studies on this topic. The authors reveal low public administration efficiency in Russia during the period of market reforms in the 1990s, which led to the crisis consequences in the economy and society. The article explores the key issues of public and municipal administration in the 2000s and at the current stage, limiting the implication of modernization processes in the country. The research makes it possible to evaluate the contribution of Vologda scientists to the development of theory, methodology, and tools for evaluating and improving the efficiency of public and municipal administration in Russia.
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Public administration issues in the development of the non-profit sector at the regional level
Статья научная
At the current stage of socio-economic development of the country the non-profit sector becomes a vital actor in the management system and the object of governance with its own unique features. The goal of this article is to present scientific propositions based on intersectoral social partnership for improving governance of non-profit organizations in the Russian regions. To achieve this goal, we used methods of systemic, comparative, statistical and sociological analysis. Works of domestic and foreign authors on the problems of engagement between authorities and the non-profit sector were analyzed. The conclusion that the term “intersectoral social partnership” is more appropriate for the conditions of the Russian regions was made. The Russian legal basis for governance of the non-profit sector at the federal and the regional levels was studied. It was identified that the conditions to attract new service providers to the social sphere were created - these providers are called “socially oriented non-profit organizations” (hereinafter - SONPOs). But it was identified that the legal basis, which opens new opportunities for SONPOs to be involved in social programs of the government, was not supported by proactive measures to strengthen the economy and human capacity of the considered organizations. This article proves that a region is the central element in the implementation of governmental policy in the sphere of regulation and support of the non-profit sector: discussed cooperation is implemented at the regional level. The concluding part of the article names structural organizational-economic and legal measures to improve the cooperation between regional, municipal authorities and the non-profit sector within intersectoral social partnership. The results of this research might be used to develop well-balanced state regional policy and programming documents as well as to plan strategic and operational events for the advancement of the non-profit sector in the entities of the Russian Federation.
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Public administration quality: assessment criteria in comparative territorial frames
Статья научная
The purpose of the article is to generalize, systematize and develop a number of key theories and concepts of public administration efficiency and quality. The author classifies and criticizes the conceptual framework of the study and evaluates the efficiency and quality of public administration. It has been found out that the traditional “functionalist” approaches based on assessment of the achieved socially significant results or economic growth are important, especially in the context of using the program-target method of administration, yet insufficient. The novelty of the research is that in contrast to the authors proposing assessments based on trivial indicators of regions' socio-economic development, the author substantiates the importance of using the complex approach in assessing the effectiveness/ quality of public administration, which helps consider not only the “effectiveness”, but also the quality of procedural mechanisms of public administration (autonomy of the executive power in choosing mechanisms of the implementation of identified policy goals; level of transparency and objectivity of mechanisms of selection and job promotion, professionalization of government employees)...
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Статья научная
Priority development areas (PDA) may serve as a basis for entrepreneurship development in tourism, creating a more competitive environment for entrepreneurial activities in relation to similar territories in the Pacific Rim. The key principles of these territories are radical deregulation and massive tax incentives. The process of creating priority development areas plays depends on the coordination of all members of the alliance which includes Federal government and business units. The purpose for the present study is to develop a mechanism of tourism cluster functioning in priority development areas through public and private sector entrepreneurship. In the framework of the set purpose the following objectives are fulfilled: the authors analyze the legislation of priority development areas; assess the current state of tourism and tourism infrastructure; develop a mechanism of tourism cluster functioning in priority development areas through one of the forms of public and private sector entrepreneurship - public franchising...
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Public health potential: current state and relation to Russian regions’ features
Статья научная
The article investigates issues related to public health and its potential in the context of modern challenges. Understanding health potential as a complex concept is based on the interrelation of various aspects of health (physical, emotional, moral, social) and well-being of an individual in various spheres of life. The aim of the work is to analyze public health potential in various regions of the Russian Federation based on individuals’ self-reported health data and the current socio-economic situation in the region. The study is based on the Selective Observation of the State of Public Health Survey conducted by Rosstat in 2019-2022, covering more than 100 thousand people. Additionally, statistical data on the socio-economic situation in the regions were taken into consideration. The analysis methods include hierarchical cluster analysis to classify regions according to the level of self-rated health using Ward’s method to determine the proximity of clusters. The study revealed two main types of health potential preservation in Russian regions. The first type is associated with a good environmental situation in the regions alongside a wide spread of rural areas and the maintenance of a tradition of health care, the second type is due to the high level of socio-economic development in the region, an effective health care system and a high level of citizens’ education. The age structure of the population turns out to be an important factor influencing self-reported health. The analysis of demographic indicators reveals that regions with high health potential have younger population. The metropolitan regions are distinguished by a high level of socio-economic development and education, which is reflected in the highest indicators of public health. The comparison of more attractive groups of regions in terms of health potential with regions characterized by low health potential shows that low living standards, poverty and high mortality of the working-age population have a negative impact on self-reported health and overall health potential. Health potential is an important indicator of the quality of life; and attention to the factors influencing its formation will allow identifying resources to improve public health and prevent negative trends in the socio-economic and demographic development of the region.
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Public health promotion as a priority for regional governmental policy
Статья научная
The article reveals aspects of public health management at the regional and municipal levels. This is an urgent task due to the high potential of the regulatory impact of these levels of government on people’s well-being. The aim of the work is to substantiate our own approach to understanding public health management at the regional (and municipal) level and put forward a tool for assessing managerial influence. We review scientific literature on public health issues, as well as regional and municipal strategic and program documents in the field of preserving and strengthening public health. We also systematize the components of public health management in strategic planning and project management at the regional and municipal levels (on the example of the Vologda Oblast) and consider individual tools for promoting public health. In order to assess the effectiveness of development of municipal programs related to public health promotion, we work out a public health and well-being index and test it in two variations: to be used at the regional and municipal levels of government; this constitutes the scientific novelty of our study. We reveal key problems in assessing public health management and propose recommendations on their solution and improvement of methodological and informational tools.
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Public investment in targeted social assistance programs
Статья научная
The article analyzes the role of a monthly child care allowance in the budget of needy families. The author uses the data on the Republic of Komi and makes a comparative assessment of municipalities by the share of children subject to a monthly allowance in the total number of children. The author defines five groups of territories according to the level of social protection of children aged under 18. The article reveals that the role of a monthly child care allowance in a budget of families with children is insignificant, especially in rural areas of the republic.
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Public nature of the concepts for economic development in the northern and arctic regions of Russia
Статья научная
In a situation when Russia's economic development is unbalanced by factors and financial sources, there emerges a threat of depletion of its natural resources in the Northern and Arctic regions, which does not bring any apparent benefit to Russia itself, and especially to its northern dwellers. In order to work out a proper policy with relation to the North, it is necessary to consider not only the specifics of the raw material specialization of the Northern and Arctic territories and their structural-functional organization, but also the crucial public nature of this specialization and this organization. It is from the point of view of public interest and national security of our country that residents of the North should be viewed not as a tool to provide the world economy with raw materials and fuel, but as an inherently valued reality, competing for their “place under the sun” and capable of equipping this place based on their own abilities, needs and perceptions of well-being...
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Public opinion concerning the world financial and economic crisis and its consequences for Belarus
Статья научная
Public opinion concerning feasible directions of the crisis influence on Belarus, attitudes towards the anti crisis programme and more probable consequences of the crisis, ways of reaction to the crisis, possibility of protest actions and personal participation in such events, patience index change as well as trust in social institutions and government bodies were analyzed in the representative random survey.
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Другой
As in the previous issues, we publish the results of the monitoring of public opinion concerning the state of the Russian society conducted by VolRC RAS in the Vologda Oblast
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