Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 571
Отчет
The paper presents the results of the long-term medical & ecological investigations conducted during the experiment Mars-500. Methodology of conducting the long-term medical & ecological investigations and the applied methods are considered. The results are presented in the materials of the research conducted in Russian Federation and Republic of Belarus (Moscow, Syktyvkar, Yekaterinburg, Izhevsk, Magadan and Minsk). For comparative evaluation of the functional state of different reference groups the notion of “ecological stress” was introduced. It depends upon the degree of dominance of the activity of the sympathetic member of the regulatory system over the parasympathetic member. Application of probabilistic approach to the assessment of the functional state and adaptation level with the FR (functional reserve) and the DT (the degree of tension) of the regulatory mechanisms proved the detected peculiarities of the heart rhythm vegetative regulation. Clear dependency of the functional state of the volunteers on geographic location of regions and climatic parameters is observed...
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Justification for measurement equation: a fundamental issue in theoretical metrology
Статья обзорная
A review and a critical analysis of the specialized literature on justification for the measurement equation and an estimation of a methodical error (uncertainty) of the measurement result are presented in the paper, and some prospects for solving of the issue are discussed herein.
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KIM-1 is a marker of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving cisplatin-containing chemotherapy
Статья
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a common side effect in chemotherapy treatment for cancer patients. Every year the relevance of this problem increases due to the widespread use of various chemotherapy (CT) protocols, including nephrotoxic drugs, in particular cisplatin. Standard measures of kidney function include glomerular filtration rate (GFR), serum creatinine (sCr) and blood urea nitrogen concentrations. However, their changes are revealed after a rather long period after nephrotoxic exposure only; in addition, they deviate significantly from the norm only with a significant degree of kidney damage. Therefore, the search for new markers of nephrotoxicity for early and reliable diagnostics of renal dysfunction is an extremely urgent task. One such promising marker is KIM-1.
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Left distal radial artery approach versus conventional radial artery for coronary angiography
Статья научная
We aimed to evaluate feasibility, contrast utilization and complications of trans-radial approach comparing the left distal trans-radial artery (lt. dTRA) access versus conventional right trans-radial artery (rt. TRA) access in coronary angiography. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on (100) patients who underwent coronary angiography (50 patients via lt. dTRA & 50 patients via rt. TRA) and was performed in the department of cardiology, Benha University Hospital. All patients performed ECG, echocardiography, arterial doppler pre and post procedures.
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Level of delirium and its contributing factor among patients in ICU
Статья научная
Background: Delirium is an acute state of confusion characterized by a rapid onset, usually within hours to days, with changes in consciousness and cognitive changes. Delirium may also present as a form of agitation in intensive care patients. Delirium can affect up to 80% of patients in intensive care units and increase their length of stay and cost of hospitalization. Objectives: The main aim of the study is to evaluate the level of Delirium and its contributing factors among patients in intensive care unit. Methods: A descriptive study design was adopted for the study with 60 samples that met the inclusion criteria and were selected using convenience sampling technique. Data for demographic variables were collected using multiple-choice questionnaires, followed by assessment of delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) scale. Results: 20%) had mild delirium, 13 samples (21.7%) of moderate delirium and 13 samples (21.7%) of severe delirium. Regarding the demographic variables of delirium, diabetes rapidly had a statistically significant association with the degree of delirium in ICU patients at p
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Leveraging learning interventions for talent development: an inductive approach
Статья научная
Purpose: The paper aims to focus on the question “How can we leverage learning interventions for talent development?” The rise in the need for learning and development for employees has become a priority and a primary reason for job dissatisfaction. Learning and development initiatives are believed to build the required through training campaigns, competencies, and exposure to critical experiences where employees across different bands and streams can be nudged to attend training, enhance their skills, and increase engagement. For an organization to have a learning culture, the most important thing is employee awareness concerning their learning and how their learning is benefiting the business and aligning the individual’s needs to organizational goals. It is usually found that because of time constraints and other factors, employees do not pay much attention to up skill themselves, which calls for a systematic framework to nudge them for inculcating a learning environment. Design/Methodology/Approach - An explorative, qualitative study based on focus groups designed. Findings: Due to time constraints and other factors, employees do not pay much attention to up skill themselves, which calls for a systematic framework to nudge them for inculcating the learning environment. Limitations: Based on the findings, few priority aspects may be crucial to the learning environment. Originality/Value: This paper serves the purpose of explaining the necessity of learning intervention techniques for talent development.
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Статья научная
Aims The observed experimental and natural phenomenon of cyclone-anticyclone vortex asymmetry implies that a relatively more stable and showing a longer life, as well as a relatively more intense mode of rotation with an anticyclonic circulation direction (opposite to the direction of rotation of the medium as a whole) is realized as compared with an oppositely directed rotation of the cyclonic vortex mode. Until now, however, it was not a success to identify a universal triggering mechanism responsible for the formation of the corresponding breaking of chiral vortex symmetry. Materials and methods In this paper we reveal the said linear universal instability mechanism of breaking of chiral symmetry in the sign of vortex circulation in the rotating medium in the presence of linear Eckman friction. Results Obtained is a condition for the linear dissipative - centrifugal instability (DCI), which leads (only when considering the external linear Eckman friction for an abovethreshold value of rotation frequency of the underlying boundary surface of fluid) to the breaking of chiral symmetry in the Lagrangian fluid particle dynamics and the corresponding realization of the cyclone-anticyclone vortex asymmetry...
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Lipstick color suggested using hybrid hidden Markov model
Статья научная
In today’s lifestyle, facial makeup plays an important role in enhancing visual attractiveness a nd boosting one’s self-esteem. Makeup is known as the second skin of the women, and that too lipstick is a soul of the makeup. According to a survey, an average urban woman spends almost one year and three months of her life just wearing makeup. This much of the time is due to decision-making and choosing the best makeup style that would fit a particular age, skin complexion, profession, and occasion, requiring high imagination and full art. Many makeup recommendations systems exist, but no solitary system has existed to recommend a lipstick color properly to solve this problem computationally. Therefore, as a tiny step towards helping women save their time in decision-making, the proposed model puts forward an idea of a hybrid recommendation model for lipsticks alone. This proposed methodology uses a hidden Markov model to unleash the possible color of the lipsticks based on the given attributes. The collaborative filtering system catalyzes the process to recommend the best lipstick colors using a hybrid recommendation model.
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Статья научная
Introduction: Hypertension is found to be the prime cause of death worldwide in spite of a number of available treatments which suggests that there is a need of discovering new lead molecules that would be more effective to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD). Liriodendrin, the lignan phytoconstituent possesses potential pharmacological effects. Literature survey suggests that liriodendrin could be effective in mitigating hypertension considering its structural similarity with reported cardiovascular protective drugs. Hence liriodendrin is investigated to reveal its mechanism of actions to support its antihypertensive property. Methods: Hypertension was induced in male wistar rats with DOCA salt. Hypertensive rats were treated with liriodendrin for 4 weeks. Blood pressure, heart rate, body weight, lipid profile, serum nitrite levels, vascular reactivity to various catecholamines, in-vitro calcium channel blocking assays, antioxidant assay, determination of aortic calcium level, endothelial function, expression of eNOS analysis were studied. Result: Liriodendrin was found safe orally up to 2000 mg/kg. It showed a significant decrease in heart rate, blood pressure and mean arterial pressure. In-vitro study on the isolated rat aorta revealed the calcium channel blocking potential of liriodendrin. Vascular reactivity to various catecholamines was normalized. Vascular endothelium was significantly protected by the enhanced release of nitric oxide and eNOS expression by the western blot technique. Oxidative stress was also significantly reduced. Conclusion: Liriodendrin was found to be beneficial in hypertension as it produced vasorelaxation by blocking calcium channels, enhancing nitric oxide release, and reducing oxidative stress. Thus, liriodendrin may be useful to relieve hypertension and cardiovascular complications.
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Lithium effect on autophagy and cell death in skin melanoma
Статья
Melanomas are a group of tumors produced by malignant melanocytes, and despite the fact that the recent advances in molecular therapy and immunotherapy of skin melanoma significantly help improve the outcome of the disease, nevertheless, spontaneous mutations and dysregulation of various signaling pathways contribute to the tumor aggressiveness and the development of the drug resistance. Autophagy is a conservative intracellular mechanism that maintains cell homeostasis by processing damaged organelles. The role of autophagy in carcinogenesis, including melanoma, is ambiguous: on the one hand, autophagy contributes to the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis and cancer progression, but on the other hand, it can be aimed at activating processes leading to cell death. In certain cases, autophagy can enhance apoptotic signals, in particular, it is known that prolonged autophagy initiates the cell death. Currently, the growing number of studies confirm the possibility of using lithium as an antitumor agent in experimental oncology due to its capability to influence the signaling pathways, which govern the growth and development of tumor cells. Aims. It seems promising to investigate the capability of lithium to stimulate autophagy and apoptosis in skin melanoma cells to enhance cell death.
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MRI brain image classification using linear vector quantization classifier
Статья научная
The metastases cancer other than the lifestyle-related or environmental related no known facts for the brain tumors. Only factors that may cause brain tumors might be the exposure to high ionizing radiation and a family history of any brain disease also increase brain cancer risk. The cancerous brain is a brain disorder that shapes masses in cells called tumors. The early diagnosis of brain cancer using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan image for cancer disease is required to reduce the mortality rate. Dual-Tree Mband Wavelet Transform (DTMBWT) based feature extraction, and Linear Vector Quantization Classifier (LVQC) based MRI brain image classification. DTMBWT decomposes the MRI brain images in the frequency domain as the sub-bands for fuzzy-based low and high components to evaluate the features selected. The Sub-band Energy Features (SEF) for individual and sub-set ranking helps classify normal and abnormal images that LVQC for output prediction characterizes. The results show the classification accuracy of 95% using DTMBWT based SEF and LVQC classifiers.
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Main trends in development and law regulation of electronic health in the European Union
Статья научная
The relevance of this research work lies in the fact that at present the EU policy standards are aimed at creating an ecosystem of digital (electronic) healthcare (eHealth). Digital medicine resources can radically transform healthcare, providing effective medical care, and improving diagnostics/treatment/rehabilitation methods. The aim of this article is to identify the main trends in the development and regulation of eHealth in the EU. Methods: A comprehensive review of trends and an analysis of key areas of digital health development in the EU based on the application of comparative law studies. The practical significance of the article is to identify some existing specific difficulties in the EU digital health infrastructure: those in their policy, those in accordance with regulatory requirements, in cybersecurity and exclusive rights to medical (personal) data, in the compatibility of national digital health platforms across Europe, in the principles of medical information handling, in digital therapy etc. Conclusions: Digital health in the EU is an area with an increased activity. In the EU, a common digital market is emerging, including digital health services within digital health, facilitated by the regulation and standardization of electronic prescriptions, patient data protection, digital identity and information security. The European digital health infrastructure, along with its achievements, is experiencing some difficulties, obsolete health regulations among them. At the same time, new approaches are now required to focus on digital tools and resources in order to provide full intelligent automation.
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Mathematical modeling of flows in blood vessels of complex shape
Отчет
A study of the structure and topography of the cerebral arterial bed of 156 virtually healthy individuals verified 17 variants of the arterial circle of the great brain, most of which are shown in actual photographs. An analysis of various approaches to modeling of cerebral vessels was carried out and it is shown that all of them are based on the representation of a blood vessel in the form of a linear cylinder. In reality, in the blood system of the brain, such sections are only rare short elements of vessels that vary in diameter and direction. Cylindrical coordinates have been most commonly used to construct mathematical models of cerebral vessels, but they are not applicable to bending vessels. The aim of this work: to build a mathematical apparatus allowing to adequately describe various types of vessels containing sections with complex geometry (bends, especially U-shaped ones, spirals, etc.). Four typical sections of the vascular system were identified, in correspondence with which mathematical surfaces were introduced, and the corresponding mathematical description was selected for each of them. The mathematical apparatus introduced into consideration allowed us to build a description of hydrodynamic processes occurring in vessels of complex shape. The results of geometrical modeling in the Mathlab system and the corresponding fragments of the script are presented. The developed mathematical software made it possible to construct a system of transfer equations for vessels of complex shape
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Статья научная
Aims are to study the nature of the processes of carcinogenesis of experimental B16/F10 melanoma in uPA gene knockout mice modified by chronic neurogenic pain and investigate some electrophysiological mechanisms of melanoma development. Materials and methods. We used 48 C57BL/6-PlautmI. IBug-ThisPlau6FDhu/GFDhu mice of both genders with urokinase gene knockout and 102 C57BL/6 mice of both genders with the normal genotype. Chronic neurogenic pain (CNP) was produced due to bilateral ligation of the sciatic nerve. Against the above background, all animals were transplanted with B16/F10 melanoma. To study the mechanism of CNP, studies of the intracellular electrophysiological activity of neurons of the central nervous system of the snail Helix pomatia in the body in vivo were carried out. CNP was reproduced by dosed pressing of four main nerves with Fresnel hairs that with time turned into increasing pain. Membrane potential (MP), action potential (AP) and firing rate (FR) parameters of intracellular bio-potentials of the command neuron RPaG3, continuously recorded using an ultrathin glass microelectrode for 4-5 days, were analyzed. Results. It was detected that an activation of cancerogenesis during the modification of the progression of experimental B16/ F10 melanoma in C57BL/6-PlautmI.IBug-ThisPlau6FDhu/GFDhu mice with uPA gene knockout using CNP is accompanied by a 2-fold acceleration in the time of tumor production, stimulation of the growth of the primary tumor nodes from 1.05±0.08 cm3 to 9.50±0.98 cm3 (p function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Статья научная
Aim The aim of our studies was to discover responses of the membrane systems in neurons and cardiomyocytes as well as mechanisms of influences and effects produced by the broadband-spectrum stochastic electromagnetic radiation (BBSS EMR) on them according to data on membrane potential (MP) levels and action potential (AP) parameters obtained by us. Materials and methods Neurons from the isolated central neural system (CNS) of the snail Helix pomatia were selected to serve as a model for our experiments. We applied an electrophysiological technique implying recording of intracellular potentials of a neuron. The presented research work is of fundamental nature and reveals some intimate mechanisms of actions made by electromagnetic radiation (EMR) on the cytoplasm membrane of a neuron and its channels that is applicable to cardiomyocytes. An absolutely exclusive distinctive feature of our work is that the specific BBSS EMR used in our experiments has unique characteristics and offers broadband stochastic radiated frequencies in the range from 10n Hz to 10m Hz at an integral radiation power of only 0,1 µW...
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Mechanisms of resistance in therapy with angiogenesis blockers in colorectal cancer
Статья
One of the fundamental events that determine carcinogenesis and its progression is angiogenesis mediated by the activation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The angiogenic cascade provides a comfortable micro-environment for the tumor, the creation of a metastatic niche and subsequent metastatic dissemination of neoplastic cells. The development of a recombinant hyperchimeric monoclonal antibody that selectively binds and inhibits the biological activity of VEGF - Bevacizumab, has led to a change in the therapeutic strategy for patients with cancer and, in particular, for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), because it demonstrated an increase in their survival rate.
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Статья научная
Subjects of our experimental studies were neurons in the snail Helix Pomatia, from which continuous intracellular recordings according to our specific microelectrode recording technique were produced. We have carried out original investigations of the processes of control and regulation of endogenous biological rhythms of neurons, observing them both under their background activity (free of stimulation) and under the action of the exogenous factors within a chronic experiment, which involved continuous recordings of activity from the neurons that covered periods from 50 to 60 hours, with an incubated ganglion cell life span up to four 24-hour days. In the neurophysiological experimental studies with recordings of intracellular activity of the identified CNS neurons in the Roman snail Helix Pomatia, we conducted a research into identification of a contribution of potential-dependent ion (K+, Ca2+, Na+) channels to formation of pacemaking oscillatory activity of the neurons and an interplay of the AP generation loci unequally or irregularly spaced. It has been shown that it is possible to activate at the same time 2-3 individual loci of generation of the Na+ spikes, differing in their amplitudes, which appear at different segments of the axo-dendritic axis of the neurons in the snail Helix Pomatia.
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Mechanisms of tumor-associated cardiac muscle damage under different variants of melanoma growth
Отчет
In case of the presence of a malignant process in an organism, the heart is subjected to an additional loading due to a unique combination of the external factors that is determined by the tumor biology and potentially cardiotoxic treatment actions and effects. It should be mentioned that cardiomyocytes have the same pathways of responding to stress and metabolic strategies as it is the case with the tumor cells, and this suggests that metabolic changes in the course of the tumor progression make their impact on the non-malignant tissue. Aim. The aim of our research work has been to study the level of the indices of the activity of free-radical processes and the hypoxia factor in cardiac mitochondria in mice under the different rates of the growth of B16 melanoma, growing either independently or against the background of chronic neurogenic pain. Materials and methods. In our experiment, we have used mice of both sexes of strain C57BL/6 (n = 56) and strain C57BL/6-Plautm1.1Bug - ThisPlauGFDhu/GFDhu (with uPA gene-knockout) (n = 56). We have composed the following experimental groups: an intact animal group (♂ n = 7; ♀ n = 7); a reference group (♂ n = 7, ♀ n = 7) with reproduction of the model of chronic neurogenic pain (CNP); a comparison group (♂ n = 63, ♀ n = 63) with a standard subcutaneous inoculation of melanoma (B16/F10), upon 2 weeks of the tumor growth; the main test group (♂ n = 63, ♀ n = 63) (CNP+B16/F10) with melanoma transplanted 3weeks after reproduction of the CNP model, with a tumor growing time of 2 weeks. After decapitation of the animals, the heart was harvested and mitochondria were isolated using the differential centrifugation with a highspeed refrigerated centrifuge. In the prepared mitochondria specimens with the use of ELISA assays we have determined concentrations of SOD 2 (pg/mg protein), GPx-1 (ng/mg protein), MDA mcM/g protein); AOPP (mcM/g protein); 8-hydroxy 2’ deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (ng/mg protein); the amount of protein (mg/mL) has been determined with a biochemical assay method, namely with the Biuret assay (Olvex Diagnosticum, Russia). The obtained statistics data have been processed with software Statistica 10.0. Results. In the female mice of strain C57BL/6, when comparing the studied data in cardiac mitochondria between the groups with the independent growth of melanoma and that in combination with CNP, we have revealed the higher levels of MDA increased by a factor of 1,8 (p function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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