Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 571
Part ii: old mathematics for the novel applied problems of cardiometry
Статья научная
Aims This paper describes a novel approach to the analysis of electrocardiographic data based on the consideration of the repetitive P, Q, R, S, T sequences as cyclic codes. In Part I we introduce a principle similar to the syndrome decoding using the control numbers, which allows correcting the noise combinations. Materials and methods We propose to apply the burst-error-correcting algorithms for automatic detection of the ECG artifacts and the functional abnormalities, including those compared to the reference model. Our approach is compared to the symbolic dynamics methods in cardiology practice. During the automated search of the code components (i.e. point values and spectral ranges one-to-one corresponding to P, Q, R, S, T) considered in Part II, the authors apply the Lomb-Scargle periodogram method with the phase control which allows to determine the code components not only from the main harmonics, but also using the sidebands, avoiding the phase errors. Results The results of the method testing on rats with the heart failure using a simplified telemetric recording from the implantable chips are given in Part III...
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Aim Our aim was to study pathogenetically significant markers of sclerosing of hemangiomas in infants upon their exposure to optical radiation in the infrared region of the spectrum by analyzing thermog-raphy and morphology examination results. Materials and methods The basis for the thermographic study was our observation for 200 patients (birth to age 1), who re-ceived the hemangioma treatment in 2014-2016. We investigated thermograms of each vascular tumor in infants both before and after the treatment conducted with the use of the infrared themog-raphy (IRT) method. An IRT session was carried out upon a calm, quiet staying of an undressed in-fant in a room at an ambient temperature of 22°С and humidity of 0,009-0,012 kg/m3. To record heat fields in correspondence with the actual heat state of the tumor areas under studies, we used our thermo-vision device RADUGA-6 manufactured by AOMZ. The IRT data were compared with those obtained in ultrasound examinations. Diagnostic indicators of sclerosing, upon testing blood serum specimens, taken from 5 practically healthy and 25 hemangioma-affected children, were ana-lyzed with the use of the cuneiform dehydration technique...
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Pathogenetic substantiation for anti-tumor effectiveness of experimental electromagnetic therapy
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Aim The objectives to be pursued by our studies are to assess some effects made by experimental actions of ultra-low frequencies electromagnetic field (ULF EMF) in combination with the SCENAR therapy on morphological changes in lung tissues and the regulation structures considering tumor growth dynamics. Materials and methods We investigated sex hormone and prolactin concentrations in 156 male rates of outbred strains in the tumor growth dynamics in tissues of the lungs and the hypophysis, and we also studied morphological changes in the lung tissue. All animals were divided into two groups: the reference group, covering the rodents not affected by any exposures, and the experimental group of the rats, who were subjected to ULF EMF exposure in combination with the SCENAR therapy. Both therapeutic exposures were applied upon expiration of 1 week after tumor cell inoculation in a lung. Results The applied combination of the experimental therapy, involving the central and local electromagnetic actions, has resulted in the reliably established prolongation of life spans in tumor-bearing animals as well as in the negative dynamics in tumor growing; it has produced effects both on the hormonal homeostasis subsystems: the hypophisis and the lung tissue affected by the cancer tumor...
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At present, the incidence of cancer tends to dramatically increase, and the existing advanced methods of cancer treatment are not always effective [1]. In addition, the disadvantages of the antitumor drugs used are their toxic effect made on the intact organs and tissues of the body, as well as the development of tumor resistance to them [2]. All this makes it necessary to search for new, safer and more effective drugs. In this case, plant-derived medicines have minimal side effects, so they are given special attention today. Plant-based drugs can be used both for the treatment of tumors as monotherapy and also in combination treatment to protect normal cells (including bone marrow stem cells) in a standard course of chemotherapy and radiation therapy [1,2, 3]. According to some researchers, the most promising group of this sort of medical drugs are flavonoids, since they produce the greatest number of biological effects, which favorably influence outcomes of treatment of neoplasms
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Improving the survival of cancer patients contributes to a growing number of patients with chronic comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, higher risk of cancer development in patients with DM and poor prognosis determine the importance of studying the mechanisms mediating the effect of altered glucose metabolism made on the growth and metastasis of malignant tumors [3,4]. The polyetiology of both pathologies and the presence of research studies that do not confirm a direct relationship between DM and the development of malignant neoplasms indicate the complex nature of their relationship with the possible context-dependent regulation of many cellular processes associated with carcinogenesis and the development of DM [1,2]. An important role in the processes of the regulation is played by an imbalance in the system of sex hormones.
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In order to reveal the functional interrelationships of the main physiological characteristics of the organism with the external environment exogenous abiotic factors, as well as the evaluation of the magnetic field factor effect on the morphofunctional status main characteristics, 18 healthy men aged 25-49 years old, residents of the North-East of Russia (Magadan) were examined. Parameters of the cardiovascular system, external respiration and gas exchange, as well as heart rate variability were studied. Environmental factors, such as air temperature, wind speed, air humidity, atmospheric pressure and K-index were separately analyzed. Identified were different types of responses by human organisms to the influence of environmental abiotic factors, depending on the initial vegetative tone of the examinees. Thus, the individual profile of the subject with a sympathotonic type of autonomic regulation was characterized by a pronounced dynamics of the studied indicators in response to the influence of environmental factors...
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Introduction. The potential relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer remains still poorly understood. The aim of our work was to study the features of the course of the tumor process and pulmonary tuberculosis in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with transplanted Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma. Material and methods. The study was carried out on 88 C57BL/6 mice aged two months. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following groups of animals were composed: group 1 - "intact mice" (n=12), group 2 - "the reference H37R infection" (animals infected with the M.tuberculosis H37RV strain) (n=24), group 3 - "the reference tumors” (animals transplanted with Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma) (n=23), group 4 - “the main test group 1” (animals infected with M.tuberculosis H37RV strain, which were simultaneously transplanted with Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma) (n=24). Animals were infected by inoculating a suspension of Mycobacteria (1x106 CFU/0.2 ml) into the lateral tail vein. Transplantation of a 10% suspension of the pulverized tumor in a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride was performed intramuscularly into the femur within 2 hours after their infection with the suspension of Mycobacteria.
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Huge amounts of organic biodegradable waste resources are thrown on dumping yards in India and neighboring Asian countries every day. It is estimated that 40-50% of total solid waste collected daily is biodegradable in India. Mumbai, a 1% population of the country, generates about 2500 MT of biodegradable waste. The African continent is no exception to this colossal wastage of natural resources. Barring few countries in the developed world where these waste resources are handled appropriately and environmentally friendly and converted to good quality compost, the story is the same worldwide. This waste resource amounting to millions of metric tonnes is one of the key sources of biomethane escaping in the environment. It is also directly responsible for global warming and associated climatic changes. However, the waste resource generators have been permitted to wash off their hands in not taking care of small amounts of wastages. The result is huge sprawling dumping yards in civilized areas Small measures taken by individuals can make vast changes in the situation. The main reason for this centralized issue is that the decentralized generation of the waste resource is not tackled at that level. This method has two key factors. The method is based entirely on bacterial decomposition without involving any insects. It is also fast and can achieve conversion in 24 to 72 hours. A sincere approach supported by technological improvisation will make it successful and prevent huge amounts of bio-methane from escaping into the environment, which would certainly slow down global warming significantly and help arrest climate changes to a perceptible level. It would also be in tandem with the law of conservation of matter. The generation of pure organic manure will help in recovering the degrading topsoil layer of the country. A perfectly sustainable solution can be offered if all individuals play their part.
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The paper presents issues on actions and effects made by the discovered phenomena of shunting in the blood flow, when blood is directed from large artery vessels into large-sized venous vessels, on the hemodynamics profile of the proper heart. According to the data delivered by the Cardiocode device, the physiological interpretation of arteriovenous shunt opening to provide an adequate blood circulation in the proper heart is shown herein. Based on the discovered phenomena, it is concluded that the opening of some individual shunts can be treated as one of the flexible adaptational mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of the required hemodynamics of the heart.
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Personal profile of systemic hemodynamics in solving global problems of public health.
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The study of systemic hemodynamics has been conducted in individuals who suffer from arterial hypertension. Regularities of formation of the personal profiles of the systemic hemodynamics have been determined in this category of patients. A fresh method of antihypertensive therapy is offered which is based on establishment of relationship between the personal profile of the systemic hemodynamics and the hemodynamic drug effect. The clinical effectiveness of the proposed method has been proven.
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Personalized approach to adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
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Numerous studies have shown that differential expression and/or co-expression of several chemosensitivity genes, such as ERCC1, RRM1, TUBB3, TOP2A, and some others, in the tumor tissue are closely associated with chemoresistance and prognosis in cancer patients. Despite the fact that more and more data comes to support the idea on the important role of the presented genes in the assessment of chemosensitivity (CS), at present time there is ample room remaining for further research of the combined estimation of the CS gene expression for a personalized approach to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer.
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The article considers an individual approach to the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases within the framework of personalized medicine and the use of artificial intelligence capabilities. The main focus is on an individual approach to the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. Modern methods of data analysis and technologies allowing to adapt treatment to a specific patient are considered. Examples of successful applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms for the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders are also being investigated. The authors also emphasize the importance of collecting and analyzing big data in the development of personalized medicine in neurology and identify prospects for further research and application of this methodology. In addition, the advantages of personalized medicine and the use of artificial intelligence in neurology, such as improving diagnostic accuracy, optimizing treatment and improving the effectiveness of results, were analyzed. The challenges and limitations faced by researchers and doctors when implementing personalized approaches in neurological practice are studied, as well as ethical issues related to the use of patient data and decision-making based on machine learning algorithms are analyzed.
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Phase characteristics of rheograms. Original classification of phase-related changes of Rheos
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The phase characteristics of a rheogram are described in literature in general only. The existing theory of impedance rheography is based on an analysis of the form of rheogram envelopes, but not on the phase-related processes and their interpretation according to the applicable laws of physics. The aim of the present paper is to describe the phase-related characteristics of a rheogram of the ascending aorta. The method of the heart cycle phase analysis has been used for this purpose. By synchronizing an ECG of the aorta and a rheogram, an analysis of specific changes in the aorta blood filling in each phase is provided. As a result, the phase changes of a rheogram associated with the ECG phase structure are described and tabulated for first time. The author hereof offers his own original classification of the phase-related changes of rheograms.
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To study the mechanisms of metastasis, one of the effective tools is mouse models using primary patient tumors (Patient-Derived Xenograft, PDX). The phenomenon of changes in the cell phenotype in response to the dynamic conditions of the tumor microenvironment is one of the key processes forming the basis for metastasis. The aim hereof is to investigate the phenotypic composition of tumor cells during the process of metastasis using an example of the PDX models of breast cancer.
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Preventive monitoring, which increases the possibility of diagnosing and curing a disease at an early stage, is interesting and relevant in medical diagnostics. Recently, both minimally invasive and non-invasive diagnostic techniques have become widespread. They include the areas of cardiographic, encephalographic and myographic analyzers designed to study the state of the heart, the brain and striated muscles. The study of the functioning of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract is carried out using gastro-enterography methods. To obtain an integral assessment of the effectiveness of the circulatory system, the plethysmography method can be successfully applied, which allows modeling vascular tone and blood flow using models of hydrodynamics and the theory of elasticity. The present article analyzes the range of static (or dynamic) informative hemo-parameters that allow diagnosing at the initial stage arterial hypertension, aortic insufficiency or stenosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and some other diseases. The photometric reflex absorption in the infrared range, followed by an assessment of blood flow in the aortas and arteries with recording of the shape of pulse waves were used as methods in our research work. The result of the work is a method and a system of computer control of the rod current acting on biological tissues (using the Bluetooth protocol, LabView environment, virtual digital filters and biomedical data archives) that allows non-invasively recording of the parameters of the carotid artery pulse wave.
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Background: Pediatric heart surgery, particularly for cyanotic congenital heart conditions, commonly requires the utilization of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)to assist with surgical interventions. The choice of priming solution for the CPB circuit can influence postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to assess the impact of two different priming solutions, Plasmalyte and Ringer’s Lactate, on postoperative outcomes, blood biochemistry, pulmonary and renal function, bleeding, and hemostasis in children undergoing open cardiac surgery with CPB. Methods: This randomized prospective study was conducted on 80 pediatric patients aged 1 to 10 years, undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either Plasmalyte (Group A) or Ringer’s Lactate (Group B) as their CPB circuit priming solution. Standardized protocols for anesthesia, CPB circuit components, and surgical techniques were maintained. Postoperative parameters including blood chemistry, perfusion indicators, and physiological measurements were recorded and analyzed. Results: After CPB initiation, lactate levels were significantly higher in Group B (Ringer’s Lactate) compared to Group A (Plasmalyte)(P-value function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Plasmonic photothermal therapy in experimental oncology: problems and prospects
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Despite great advances in the treatment of cancer, the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy and radiation therapy for some malignant neoplasms remains insufficient. Plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) with plasmon resonance gold nanoparticles has been an intensively researched area in therapy in recent years [1, 2]. Successful PPT with nanoparticles for tumor treatment requires solving a number of problems associated with the potential toxicity and the bio-distribution of nanoparticles, including the development of the most efficient method of nanoparticle delivery, as well as optimization of their therapeutic protocol. The aim of our study was to develop an effective and safe method of plasmonic photothermal therapy in rats with inoculated PC-1 cholangiocarcinoma.
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Possible manifestations of cognitive impairment in children suffering from pancreatic dysfunction
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The article investigates possible manifestations of cognitive impairment in children suffering from pancreatic dysfunction. The authors point out that improving blood glucose control in patients with type I diabetes mellitus is an important factor in reducing cognitive impairment, especially in children. At the present stage, the treatment of cognitive dysfunction has become an interdisciplinary multidisciplinary complex treatment, which in the future will not only improve the quality of life of patients, but also minimize the above-mentioned dysfunction as such.
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Background: Serial stenoses or diffuse vessel narrowing hamper pressure wire-guided management of coronary stenoses. Characterization of functional relevance of individual stenoses or narrowed segments constitutes an unmet need in ischemia-driven percutaneous revascularization. Aim of the Study: To perform hemodynamic mapping of the entire vessel using pullback technique of a pressure guidewire with continuous instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) measurement compared coronary angiography aiming to minimize the procedure, decrease number and length of stents used. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 patients presented with diffuse coronary artery disease and undergoing elective PCI. Diagnostic coronary angiography using the routine angiographic projections was done with assessment of non-obstructive coronary lesions by 2D quantitative coronary angiography and iFR pullback measurement Results: Percentage of difference between probable sig lesions via pullback technique and No of actual sig lesions for studied group, was (59.5%). The difference was statistically highly significant p=0.0001. Conclusion: Compared with angiography alone, availability of iFR pullback data significantly decreased the number and length of hemodynamically significant lesions identified for revascularization.
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