Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 527
Статья
Introduction. The potential relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer remains still poorly understood. The aim of our work was to study the features of the course of the tumor process and pulmonary tuberculosis in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with transplanted Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma. Material and methods. The study was carried out on 88 C57BL/6 mice aged two months. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following groups of animals were composed: group 1 - "intact mice" (n=12), group 2 - "the reference H37R infection" (animals infected with the M.tuberculosis H37RV strain) (n=24), group 3 - "the reference tumors” (animals transplanted with Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma) (n=23), group 4 - “the main test group 1” (animals infected with M.tuberculosis H37RV strain, which were simultaneously transplanted with Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma) (n=24). Animals were infected by inoculating a suspension of Mycobacteria (1x106 CFU/0.2 ml) into the lateral tail vein. Transplantation of a 10% suspension of the pulverized tumor in a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride was performed intramuscularly into the femur within 2 hours after their infection with the suspension of Mycobacteria.
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Статья научная
Huge amounts of organic biodegradable waste resources are thrown on dumping yards in India and neighboring Asian countries every day. It is estimated that 40-50% of total solid waste collected daily is biodegradable in India. Mumbai, a 1% population of the country, generates about 2500 MT of biodegradable waste. The African continent is no exception to this colossal wastage of natural resources. Barring few countries in the developed world where these waste resources are handled appropriately and environmentally friendly and converted to good quality compost, the story is the same worldwide. This waste resource amounting to millions of metric tonnes is one of the key sources of biomethane escaping in the environment. It is also directly responsible for global warming and associated climatic changes. However, the waste resource generators have been permitted to wash off their hands in not taking care of small amounts of wastages. The result is huge sprawling dumping yards in civilized areas Small measures taken by individuals can make vast changes in the situation. The main reason for this centralized issue is that the decentralized generation of the waste resource is not tackled at that level. This method has two key factors. The method is based entirely on bacterial decomposition without involving any insects. It is also fast and can achieve conversion in 24 to 72 hours. A sincere approach supported by technological improvisation will make it successful and prevent huge amounts of bio-methane from escaping into the environment, which would certainly slow down global warming significantly and help arrest climate changes to a perceptible level. It would also be in tandem with the law of conservation of matter. The generation of pure organic manure will help in recovering the degrading topsoil layer of the country. A perfectly sustainable solution can be offered if all individuals play their part.
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Отчет
The paper presents issues on actions and effects made by the discovered phenomena of shunting in the blood flow, when blood is directed from large artery vessels into large-sized venous vessels, on the hemodynamics profile of the proper heart. According to the data delivered by the Cardiocode device, the physiological interpretation of arteriovenous shunt opening to provide an adequate blood circulation in the proper heart is shown herein. Based on the discovered phenomena, it is concluded that the opening of some individual shunts can be treated as one of the flexible adaptational mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of the required hemodynamics of the heart.
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Personal profile of systemic hemodynamics in solving global problems of public health.
Статья научная
The study of systemic hemodynamics has been conducted in individuals who suffer from arterial hypertension. Regularities of formation of the personal profiles of the systemic hemodynamics have been determined in this category of patients. A fresh method of antihypertensive therapy is offered which is based on establishment of relationship between the personal profile of the systemic hemodynamics and the hemodynamic drug effect. The clinical effectiveness of the proposed method has been proven.
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Personalized approach to adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Статья
Numerous studies have shown that differential expression and/or co-expression of several chemosensitivity genes, such as ERCC1, RRM1, TUBB3, TOP2A, and some others, in the tumor tissue are closely associated with chemoresistance and prognosis in cancer patients. Despite the fact that more and more data comes to support the idea on the important role of the presented genes in the assessment of chemosensitivity (CS), at present time there is ample room remaining for further research of the combined estimation of the CS gene expression for a personalized approach to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer.
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Phase characteristics of rheograms. Original classification of phase-related changes of Rheos
Отчет
The phase characteristics of a rheogram are described in literature in general only. The existing theory of impedance rheography is based on an analysis of the form of rheogram envelopes, but not on the phase-related processes and their interpretation according to the applicable laws of physics. The aim of the present paper is to describe the phase-related characteristics of a rheogram of the ascending aorta. The method of the heart cycle phase analysis has been used for this purpose. By synchronizing an ECG of the aorta and a rheogram, an analysis of specific changes in the aorta blood filling in each phase is provided. As a result, the phase changes of a rheogram associated with the ECG phase structure are described and tabulated for first time. The author hereof offers his own original classification of the phase-related changes of rheograms.
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Статья
To study the mechanisms of metastasis, one of the effective tools is mouse models using primary patient tumors (Patient-Derived Xenograft, PDX). The phenomenon of changes in the cell phenotype in response to the dynamic conditions of the tumor microenvironment is one of the key processes forming the basis for metastasis. The aim hereof is to investigate the phenotypic composition of tumor cells during the process of metastasis using an example of the PDX models of breast cancer.
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Статья научная
Preventive monitoring, which increases the possibility of diagnosing and curing a disease at an early stage, is interesting and relevant in medical diagnostics. Recently, both minimally invasive and non-invasive diagnostic techniques have become widespread. They include the areas of cardiographic, encephalographic and myographic analyzers designed to study the state of the heart, the brain and striated muscles. The study of the functioning of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract is carried out using gastro-enterography methods. To obtain an integral assessment of the effectiveness of the circulatory system, the plethysmography method can be successfully applied, which allows modeling vascular tone and blood flow using models of hydrodynamics and the theory of elasticity. The present article analyzes the range of static (or dynamic) informative hemo-parameters that allow diagnosing at the initial stage arterial hypertension, aortic insufficiency or stenosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and some other diseases. The photometric reflex absorption in the infrared range, followed by an assessment of blood flow in the aortas and arteries with recording of the shape of pulse waves were used as methods in our research work. The result of the work is a method and a system of computer control of the rod current acting on biological tissues (using the Bluetooth protocol, LabView environment, virtual digital filters and biomedical data archives) that allows non-invasively recording of the parameters of the carotid artery pulse wave.
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Background: Pediatric heart surgery, particularly for cyanotic congenital heart conditions, commonly requires the utilization of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)to assist with surgical interventions. The choice of priming solution for the CPB circuit can influence postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to assess the impact of two different priming solutions, Plasmalyte and Ringer’s Lactate, on postoperative outcomes, blood biochemistry, pulmonary and renal function, bleeding, and hemostasis in children undergoing open cardiac surgery with CPB. Methods: This randomized prospective study was conducted on 80 pediatric patients aged 1 to 10 years, undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either Plasmalyte (Group A) or Ringer’s Lactate (Group B) as their CPB circuit priming solution. Standardized protocols for anesthesia, CPB circuit components, and surgical techniques were maintained. Postoperative parameters including blood chemistry, perfusion indicators, and physiological measurements were recorded and analyzed. Results: After CPB initiation, lactate levels were significantly higher in Group B (Ringer’s Lactate) compared to Group A (Plasmalyte)(P-value function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Plasmonic photothermal therapy in experimental oncology: problems and prospects
Статья
Despite great advances in the treatment of cancer, the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy and radiation therapy for some malignant neoplasms remains insufficient. Plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) with plasmon resonance gold nanoparticles has been an intensively researched area in therapy in recent years [1, 2]. Successful PPT with nanoparticles for tumor treatment requires solving a number of problems associated with the potential toxicity and the bio-distribution of nanoparticles, including the development of the most efficient method of nanoparticle delivery, as well as optimization of their therapeutic protocol. The aim of our study was to develop an effective and safe method of plasmonic photothermal therapy in rats with inoculated PC-1 cholangiocarcinoma.
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Possible manifestations of cognitive impairment in children suffering from pancreatic dysfunction
Статья научная
The article investigates possible manifestations of cognitive impairment in children suffering from pancreatic dysfunction. The authors point out that improving blood glucose control in patients with type I diabetes mellitus is an important factor in reducing cognitive impairment, especially in children. At the present stage, the treatment of cognitive dysfunction has become an interdisciplinary multidisciplinary complex treatment, which in the future will not only improve the quality of life of patients, but also minimize the above-mentioned dysfunction as such.
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Background: Serial stenoses or diffuse vessel narrowing hamper pressure wire-guided management of coronary stenoses. Characterization of functional relevance of individual stenoses or narrowed segments constitutes an unmet need in ischemia-driven percutaneous revascularization. Aim of the Study: To perform hemodynamic mapping of the entire vessel using pullback technique of a pressure guidewire with continuous instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) measurement compared coronary angiography aiming to minimize the procedure, decrease number and length of stents used. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 patients presented with diffuse coronary artery disease and undergoing elective PCI. Diagnostic coronary angiography using the routine angiographic projections was done with assessment of non-obstructive coronary lesions by 2D quantitative coronary angiography and iFR pullback measurement Results: Percentage of difference between probable sig lesions via pullback technique and No of actual sig lesions for studied group, was (59.5%). The difference was statistically highly significant p=0.0001. Conclusion: Compared with angiography alone, availability of iFR pullback data significantly decreased the number and length of hemodynamically significant lesions identified for revascularization.
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Статья обзорная
The present paper deals with prenosological diagnostics as methodology of an estimation of functional states of an organism. Highlighted is its first practical application in space medicine, at long influence of stressful factors, including such factor unusual to terrestrial organisms as weightlessness. Demonstrated is the methodology's wide recognition and use in various areas of medicine and physiology. Health is considered herein as process of the continuous adaptation of an organism to environment conditions. Thus, shown is the connection between transition from health to illness and decrease in adaptable possibilities. Transition from health to illness, an exhaustion and failure of mechanisms of adaptation are described in detail. The classification dividing the prenosological states into physiological norm, prenosological, premorbid and pathological states is used herein. Prenosological studies including diagnostics, screening and control are considered.
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Prediction of kidney disease using machine learning algorithms
Статья научная
The loss of renal function occurs gradually in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which is associated with a high death rate. India is second only to China in the number of people living with DKD and it is expected that one million new cases arise in India each year. If diagnosed at an early stage, DKD may be effectively treated. DKD is more dangerous since it often has no early warning signs in its infancy. From a healthcare provider's standpoint, it is crucial to take preventative measures by using a machine-first model to foresee the beginning of DKD. The likelihood that a patient may acquire DKD can be estimated using their health records, and there are open source machine learning methods available to do this. The amount of clinical factors and the number of datasets used to train the algorithm both affect the prediction accuracy. A machine learning method and a booster algorithm were used in this work to increase the accuracy of DKD prediction. The strategy utilized in boosting algorithm produced more reliable outcomes than models used without boosting such as random tree, KNN and support vector machine.
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Predictors of residual coronary artery disease after PPCI in diabetic patients with STEMI
Статья научная
To describe the patients’ characteristics and risk factors of diabetic and non-diabetic patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in relation to residual SYNTAX score after PPCI (primary PCI). Material and Method: Prospective observational study using data from all comers in NHI with STEMI and underwent PPCI over one month. Results: The present study consisted of 290 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction over one month period. About 50% of the patients with diabetes were more often female, with a greater prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. In the diabetic group, the eGFR
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Background: Predictors of Suboptimal reperfusion are still unclear. Aim: This study aimed to determine the factors that may indicate suboptimal reperfusion and short-term mortality in patients who were diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Patients and methods: This multicenter prospective comparative study, conducted at Benha University hospitals and National Heart Institute, included 400 patients (age1, heavy thrombus burden, prediltation, multiple stents insertion and longer stent length are predictors of the SOR after PPCI. While, Patients on long term beta blockers (BB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) are less likely to develop SOR. Furthermore, patients with SOR are more likely to develop in-hospital arrhythmias, heart failure, acute mitral regurge and inhospital mortality. Additionally, it increases 6-months risk of reischemia and mortality. Conclusions: Predicting the occurrence of no-reflow following pPCI can be achieved by considering various factors, such as clinical data, laboratory results, angiographic features, and procedural characteristics. Heavy thrombus burden, prediltation, dyslipidemia, longer stent length, pain to PCI time and RBG >300 (mg/dL) at the time of presentation were found to be the most predictable variables to SOR. Long term use of BB and ACEI were found to be significant independent factors that decreased the likelihood of TIMI9h were considered the most predictable variables to mortality in no reflow.
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Статья научная
At present, to develop new, scientifically justified, technologies of an accompanying therapy to improve the oncological situation is a challenge to health care. A therapy to accompany a specific cancer treatment in case of a malignant process in an organism is dictated by the necessity to raise the nonspecific resistance of the organism in cancer patients. In this case, original methodological approaches to initiate the mechanisms of the nonspecific resistance have been developed on the basis of the theory of the adaptational reactions. Within the framework of the above theory, some concepts of relationship between the specific and nonspecific anti-tumor processes have been extensively developed that may be successfully applied to solving tasks of the National Health Care Program. Aim. The aim hereof is to introduce the theoretical basics of the nonspecific adaptation regulation and control by a tumor- bearing organism into practice for an integrated treatment of malignant tumors with the use of the activation therapy technologies. Materials and methods. Our research work has involved clinical data on 1310 patients, who have been diagnosed with cancer of different localization: breast cancer (n = 170), cervical cancer (n = 60), lung cancer (n = 760), bladder cancer (n = 120), brain gliomas of high grade of malignancy and metastatic damage (n = 170) and extended colorectal cancer (n = 30) and who have completed their treatment at the National Medical Research Centre of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Results and Discussion. We have used at different stages of the cancer treatment some technologies of the accompanying therapy, designed and developed on the basis of the approaches and principles of adaptive responding by a human organism. The above line of attack has provided a time- and intensity- scheduled functional loading (some factors of the electromagnetic and pharmacological nature) under control over formation of the desired stable reactions of the anti-stressor type. Following the principles of the activation therapy, the designed programmable regimes of extra actions and exposures have resulted in improvement of immediate outcomes of the treatment of malignant tumors, raise in quality and prolongation of life in our cancer patients.
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Статья научная
The aim is to study the incidence rate of anxiety and depressive disorders and their relationship with the everyday activity at the H.M. Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University (KBSU) medical faculty students a year after the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. As a part of a cross-sectional observational study, a survey of 425 students at the Faculty of Medicine was conducted. The average age of the surveyed students was 20.9±2.1 years. The Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire, the HADS anxiety and depression scale, as well as a questionnaire specially developed by the authors to clarify some indicators of students’ activity were used. Results. The prevalence of high levels of situational anxiety (SA) was 1.4%, personal anxiety (PA) 30.8%, anxiety 29%, depression 21.6%. High levels of SA were statistically significantly more common among students with higher education (p = 0.0417), living in rented apartments (p = 0.0136), countryside residents (p = 0.0005), with debts (p = 0.0122 ); high levels of PA were identified among students who assessed their living conditions as satisfactory (p=0.0001). Clinically pronounced depression was statistically significantly more common among students with higher education (p=0.0258), who assess their living conditions as good (p=0.028), have debts (p=0.0001), employed (p=0.0001) and practiced low physical activity (p=0.0001). Associative relationships were detected between the levels of SA, PA, anxiety, depression and students’ activity parameters included in the study. Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to improve the academic process and preserve the mental health of the KBSU medical faculty students.
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Prevention and interventional strategies of adolescent obesity / overweight
Статья научная
Purpose: It’s a known factor that obesity and overweight among adolescentsare major emerging global health problems associated with morbidityand mortality throughout their life in developed and developing countries. There is evidence that reducing overweight and obesity by increasing awareness, self-efficacy, and contemplation to adopt a health-promoting lifestyle.The aim of this review how the theory and model used to reduce this burden through vicarious interventional activities among adolescence (10-19 years)in a school setting. Methods: A literature search was performed in four databases to identify published studies between January 2009 and December 2019. Randomized control trial exploring the multiple interventional effects on obesity and overweight by utilization of with or without theoretical constructs and outcome on body mass index. Results: Originally references searched were 2112 abstracts and full-text articles. The total population was 34,846 adolescents. Most of the multiple interventionshad little positive effect onphysical activity, dietary intake, and sedentary behavior changes directly on BMI. Only three studies show changes in behavior through theory. Minimal studies reported the involvement and motivation of parents, friends, and teachers for themselves and adolescents. Conclusion: The contemporary review to visualizemultiple interventions, and how models and theory focused on various pragmatic activities in the delivery and outcome in school settings among adolescents.
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