Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 571
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Radiodynamic and contact radiation therapy of inoculated tumor in an in vivo experiment
Статья
Introduction. In recent years, interest in the use of such physical factors as magnetic fields, ultrasound, and hyperthermia to activate Photosensibilizers (PS) has increased in experimental oncology. One of the promising scientific areas is radiodynamic therapy (RDT), a new method of therapy based on the combined use of PS and ionizing radiation [1]. The first PS with the radiosensitizing properties proven in the in vitro/in vivo experiments were 5-aminolevulinic acid, Hematoporphyrin, and Photofrin II [2, 3]. The main mechanisms of the implementation of the antitumor response of RDT remain poorly studied. According to Shaffer M. et al., on the one hand, PS (for example, "Photofrin II"), under the influence of ionizing radiation, can enhance the radiolytic effect due to reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and singlet oxygen) formed in the tumor cell upon exposure to the proper radiation [2]. On the other hand, the exposure to ionizing radiation leads to sublethal and lethal damage to tumor cells. Further, sublethal changes are, as a rule, reversible, associated with the implementation of the mechanisms responsible for restoring the functions of the tumor cell. In case of activation of the PS "Photofrin II"
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Relation of antistress and geroprotective effects of deuterium depleted water in aging female rats
Статья научная
The use of deuterium depleted water (DDW) in a dosing regimen of 25-30 ml per day for five weeks in aging female rats (20-22 months) contributed to the overall correction of agerelated disorders of the adaptive status, estrous cycle regulation and nonspecific resistance, as well as the appearance of visually distinct signs of rejuvenation of the animals. The obtained results show the relation between the geroprotective effect of DDW and the development of the general nonspecific antistress adaptation reactions of calm and elevated activation that can serve as an experimental basis for the development of an effective method of geriatrics and prevention of cardiovascular diseases and degenerative processes in women in the peri and postmenopausal period.
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Статья научная
Topicality. An increase in the incidence of malignant tumors progressing against the background of various comorbid pathologies determines the need to study the mutual influence of pathological processes using experimental modeling. Such models, for example, can reproduce the tumor growth modified by the comorbid condition of diabetes mellitus, the incidence rate of which is now increasing exponentially. In this case, a clear demonstration of changes in the structure of organs outside the zone of the primary tumor node, using data on the direct growth of the tumor and the content of diabetes markers therein and in the perifocal zone, can serve as an evidence-based argument for the implementation of the mechanism of modified tumor progression. The aim of our research work is to assess the state of the histological structure of some internal organs (the kidneys, the ovaries, the peritoneum) when modeling the main pathological process in animals, the growth of Guerin's carcinoma, against the background of a comorbid state of experimental diabetes. Materials and methods. We used 32 outbred male and female rats weighing 180-220 g to reproduce the model of experimental diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at a dosage of 150 mg/kg of body weight. One week after the production of persistent hyperglycemia in the range of 25.4±1.2 mmol/l, the animals were transplanted with Guerin's carcinoma subcutaneously in the region of the right shoulder blade. Upon expiration of 2 weeks, the animals were decapitated, and the harvested organs were prepared according to the practice stages of morphological preparation for staining sections with hematoxylin-eosin, followed by morphological examination of the structure with the use of the Leica DM LS2 microscope with the Olympus optical. C-5050 Zoom video camera and the Morfotest software. Photographing was carried out with magnification x10, x40, x100. Results. Our study of the morphological portrayal of the ovary, the kidney, the visceral and parietal peritoneum bears witness to the identity of the changes, consisting in a total metastatic lesion and abnormal transformation of the normal structure of all the studied organs only in the female rats, when modeling the comorbid state of diabetes mellitus. At the same time, the aggressive nature of the tumor progression was manifested in the blood filling of the vessels and hemorrhage, followed by the release of tumor cells, their settlement, the enhanced proliferation, the formation of strands and compaction of cell aggregations throughout the volume of the organ. Some gender specific features of the tumor progression were noted, which were found in the female rats along the path of active metastasizing in case of small primary tumors, and in the male rats along the path of stimulating the growth of the primary focus without metastasizing. It was revealed that these differences are associated with different degrees of saturation of the tumor and perifocal zone with glucose, and they are determined by the state of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis. Conclusion. Morphological examination of the organs affected by metastatic Guerin's carcinoma in the female rats with diabetes mellitus makes it possible to detect not only the synergy of both pathological processes, but also a powerful pro-oncogenic effect of the comorbid state of diabetes in the implementation of the tumor growth program.
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Relationship between spiritual intelligence (SI) & job satisfaction (JS) in millennials
Статья научная
In this fast-paced lifestyle with escalating cases of anxiety and depression, millennial are trying to find meaning in life and at work. The presence of high-octane electronic media both in millennial' personal & professional life is making them more anxious about their career and personal beliefs. There is a belief that a person who exhibits spiritual intelligence is most likely to achieve a sense of job satisfaction in life. Various MNCs are organizing many programs to develop and enhance the employee's spiritual intelligence. This paper focuses on millennial working in the Defense and IT field with empirical study to analyze the influence of spiritual intelligence on their job satisfaction. Dhamodharan and Ravikumar mention that millennial, born in the period between 1981-1995, witnessed consumerism and technological advancement worldwide. People born in this era were less exposed to traditional religious teaching due to changing social-cultural values; hence they indulge in spirituality to balance their lifestyle to optimize the basic value of life. Emmons mentions that “SI is a blend of internal & external structure: spirituality being an internal structure and intelligence as an external structure to create a new structure which evolves the person with remarkable capacities to practically use their spirituality on their everyday basis.”
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Статья научная
COVID-19 has not just affected the health of citizens. However, the world’s economic wheel stopped. All the import-export activities were sieged, schools, colleges, malls, and any other similar place, where there is a chance of gathering, has been locked down. A major section of the global economy was closed down for a period of two to three months. Still, they are operating with minimum permitted capacity. The service sector is opening up stage-wise, and people have started to work in their respective offices. Before this, most people, right from teachers to CEOs of top companies, worked from home. 100% of IT and ITES based organizations were working from their homes in the recent past; rather, these people were working from home before the COVID-19 situation. This present study will evaluate the interest areas of people working from home and try to evaluate the scenario of working from home even after the pandemic of COVID-19 is over.
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Статья научная
The paper presents the results of our research study on the impact of different durations of a biphasic rectangular pulse on the efficiency of the defibrillating action based on modeling and simulation of a cardiomyocyte in the framework of Cell Electrophysiology Simulation Environment. We used Luo-Rudy Mammalian Ventricular Model II (dynamic) as the mathematical model of the biochemical processes, which occur both on the surface and inside a cardiomyocyte in a guinea pig. An analysis of the obtained results allowed us to determine the optimal time of the defibrillating pulse. It has been shown that a pulse of 4 ms duration has the highest efficiency. The research has been carried out directly based on the mathematical model and simulation of the cardiomyocyte that makes it possible to minimize errors which may occur in experiments on animals
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Статья научная
Objective: To evaluate if switching therapy from an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) to sacubitril/valsartan induces incremental left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling and the effect of switching on quality of life (QOL) in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methodology: This prospective multicenter study included 100 patients with HFrEF. The patients were subdivided into two equal groups: Group one included patients who were switched to sacubitril/valsartan and group two included patients continued on ACEIs or ARBs as control group. The patients were subjected to medical history taking, clinical examination, heart failure related data, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, blood samples and chemistry, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and quality of life assessment. Results: There was marked improvement in all two dimensional (2D) echocardiography parameters, as left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESVI), left ventricular end diastolic volume index (LVED-VI) and left atrium volume index (LAVI) which significantly reduced after 3 months of therapy with significant improvement in LV function (P-value 0.05). Moreover, mitral regurgitation (MR) severity significantly decreased (P-value 0.05). Regarding quality of life, there was a significant improvement in QOL. KCCQ score was significantly improved after 3 months of treatment (P-value function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Reverse techniques as a means of increasing the validity of the cardio-oculometric diagnostics
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The article presents empirical data confirming the validity of our assumption that the use of reverse modes in operations with visual stimuli presented on the eyetracker screen allows us effectively assessing the degree of respondents' honesty in work. It is shown that the combination of modes "authentic view" with the "reverse view" significantly facilitates performing all tests by the respondents, simplifies the procedure of their self-determination in their personal choice and makes their participation in research an interesting and attracting event. It is noted that a comparison of the gaze parameters obtained in these modes can serve as an additional indicator of the degree of subjective significance of various visual stimuli elements for respondents. It is also shown that the use of reverse modes, visual stimuli of personal orientation, active participation of respondents in the discussion of all oculometric and oculographic data obtained therewith increases the motivation of interviewees to validate various types of information content and confidential discussion of even unpopular questions
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Review and classification of diagnostic methods of the cardiovascular system
Статья научная
Cardiovascular disease ranks first among the causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Given the aging of the world’s population, the problem is becoming increasingly relevant and represents a significant burden on the healthcare system. Untimely and inadequately treated heart diseases lead to severe complications and disability of patients. Despite the rich arsenal of diagnostic methods, in some cases there are still significant difficulties in making a diagnosis, establishing the cause of the disease and determining the extent of damage to the myocardium and heart vessels. At the same time, a good orientation of the attending physician regarding the possibilities of diagnostic methods allows, in most cases, to obtain a complete picture of the existing cardiovascular pathology. The aim of this work was to study modern methods for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.
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Review of the recommender systems application in cardiology
Статья обзорная
The article provides a review of the recommender systems application in medical field, cardiology, in particular. The concept of recommender systems is defined, the brief history of the recommender systems development is given. The main types of recommender systems and principles of their construction are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the recommender system methods application in cardiology are identified. Methods for improving the recommender systems are proposed.
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Background: Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) experience marked reduction in their exercise capacity which has detrimental effects on their activities of daily living, health- related quality of life (HRQoL), and ultimately their hospital admission rate and mortality. This study aimed to determine the correlation between right ventricular echocardiographic variables, functional status assessed by 6 min walk distance (6MWD) and quality of life assessed by MLHFQ in HF patients. Methods Methods 70 patients with chronic stable HF with (EF ≤40%) presenting with grade I to III NYHA classification. Each patient performed a 6 min walk test (6MWT) and completed a form of MLHFQ. Patients classified into 2 groups according to the results of 6MWD (group A including those who walked >300meters, While group B including those who walked
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Статья научная
This study aimed to determine the role of global longitudinal strain (GLS) in early diagnosis and detection of severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in non-diabetic patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) without regional wall motion abnormalities presented with chronic coronary syndrome, and to identify the role of territorial longitudinal strain (TLS) in detection of the affected coronary artery. We enrolled 60 non-diabetic patients with suspected CAD who underwent resting echocardiography and speckle tracking imaging and subsequently coronary angiography then results were correlated together. Patients with family history of CAD (68.3%), hypertension (68.3%), smokers (43.3%), and dyslipidemia (81.6%). All participants had normal left ventricular systolic function with mean EF of 64.02±6.15% and no regional wall motion abnormalities at rest. Patients were classified angiographically according to the number of the diseased vessels into: 3 vessels disease (43.3%), 1-2 vessels disease (35%), and normal coronary angiography (21.7%) with GLS mean values of -13.69±1.94%, -15.4±1.74%, and -18.80±2.14%, respectively. There was a negative significant correlation between GLS values and the number of diseased vessels (P=0.001). The values of TLS were significantly lower in myocardial regions supplied by stenotic arteries than those supplied by non-stenotic arteries. Mean TLS values for stenotic left anterior descending, left circumflex, and right coronary arteries were -15.51±3.19, -13.06±2.90, -13.27±2.60 with P=0.011, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively. Speckle tracking derived GLS is an effective non-invasive method in predicting presence and severity of CAD and in locating the affected vessels based on the distribution of segments affected in TLS.
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Role of hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal regulatory axis in growth of melanoma B16/F10 in C57/Bl6 mice
Статья научная
Aim: to study the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) regulatory axis and its dermal analogue in C57BL/6 mice of both sexes with the growth of B16/F10 grafted melanoma. The studies were carried out in mice of both sexes of the C57BL/6 line, which were transplanted with B16/F10 melanoma by subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml of a suspension of tumor tissue. In intact animals and in the animals 14 days after the tumor inoculation, the levels of gonadal releasing hormone (GnRH), LH and FSH, and estradiol (E2), total testosterone (T) and free testosterone (Tfr), progesterone (P4), as well as ERα and ERβ estrogen receptors, progesterone receptor (RP4) and androgen receptor (RA) were determined. Results. In the males, compared with the females, after melanoma transplantation, the latent period and average life spans were shorter, while their tumor volumes were larger. A 2.1-fold decrease in GnRH in the hypothalamus in males led to a 2.7- fold increase in the level of LH in the pituitary gland, while in females a 1.4-fold (p
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Role of mindfulness meditation for enhancement of self- efficacy in alcoholism
Статья научная
Mindfulness meditation is an effective tool to create mental awareness and has been used in meditation practice for many decades. Mindfulness meditation is the practice that bringing clear awareness to the present not on the pastor future without evaluation. Many research studies have proved the benefits of mindfulness meditation in psychological and bodily health. Mindfulness meditation interventions is highly effective in reducing the level of anxiety, and depression, prevention of alcohol relapse, controlling of craving and enhancement of self efficacy. Mindfulness meditation technique helps to awareness of once self-efficacy. The connection between mindfulness meditation and self-efficacy helps to focus on set goals and performance. People with high self-efficacy approach obstacles in life as challenges. They set challenging goals for themselves and work hard to achieve them. People with low self- efficacy view life obstacle as life threats and instead to overcome they will focus on their own deficiencies. They rarely set goals and do not commit for that. Self-efficacy is defined as a person’s conviction in his or her ability to carry out the behaviours required to achieve certain performance goals. A self-efficacy is a reflection of once confidence in the ability to control own motivation, behaviour, and responses to the environment.. High level of self-efficacy often has high motivation. In alcoholism It refers to the strength to stop or minimize addiction and manage craving, temptation and maintain behavioural changes. These changes might be the strongest predictors of recovery from alcoholism.
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Role of power distance phenomena in blended learning in higher education post-COVID-19
Статья научная
COVID has posed several challenges for higher education. There is a rise in blended teaching and learning models that can improve the quality of education, observed Raman. Classroom interaction vital in quality of education is affected by power distance between the teacher and students, states Kasuya. Much research has been done on blended learning but hardly any on the role of power distance in blended learning in higher education, specifically post COVID. Keeping in mind the growing significance of blended learning shortly, it becomes strategically important to understand the role of power distance in blended learning in higher education post-COVID-19. This research paper tries to address the research gap. The study is exploratory, exploring the role of power distancing in blended learning formats during post-COVID-19. The findings indicate that there is a relationship between power distance and the autonomy of an individual. The higher the power distance between a teacher and a student from the teacher’s perspective, it becomes teacher-centred learning. So blended learning with the best of low power distances in terms of the media and delivery mechanism of offline and online ensures the mitigation of power between the teacher and the taught. The research will help the universities create a perfect blended learning format that enhances the quality of higher education. Due to the paucity of time and resources and a ban on respondent interaction due to pandemics, this research is based on secondary data analysis.
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Background; Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is closely related to patient outcome in open and closed ASD closure. Aim of work; to quantify RV function in patients with chronic RV volume overload due to an ASD before and after its percutaneous closure. Subjects & methods; In this prospective study which included 40 patients with secundum type ASD and normal sinus rhythm who underwent successful percutaneous ASD closure procedure at Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University; and Cardiology Department, national-heart-institute. All patients underwent full history taking, clinical examination, ecg & echocardiography including assessment of LA, LV, RA & RV functions & dimensions with special emphasis on TAPSE, RV MPI & 2D speckle tracking.
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