Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 571
Статья научная
In the present article the relevance of using DSS under the current conditions for image recognition and, as a more specific application, for the purpose of additional assistance rendered to medical experts (radiologists) in their decision-making and preparing findings upon assessment of X-ray images is considered. The paper analyzes the requirements for some expert DSS and their main characteristics that they should have; considered and selected is the necessary software for making rapid diagnoses of diseases of the thorax. All these modern requirements and characteristics are met by the Deep Learning Studio (DLS) software, which allows using deep convolutional neural network Inception V3 to teach this network and further obtain optimal results in the recognition and diagnosis of diseases of the thorax by assessing X-ray images. As a result of this study, a ready-made DSS intended for use by medical institutions for additional assistance to radiologists to prepare findings according to X-ray images has been obtained.
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Dendritic cells and their role in cancer immunotherapy
Статья
Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD8+ CTLs) are key effector cells, which recognize and kill tumor cells, and are therefore preferred targets for improved cancer immunotherapy.
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Dental status of patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus
Статья научная
This article discusses some regional features of the structure of dental morbidity in patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. The relationship between these diseases is shown. It is stated that there is a lack of awareness of the existing dentition diseases in this sort of patients
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Depression: a predictor of coronary heart disease in Saudi Arabia
Статья научная
Aims and Objectives: This research study mainly deals to evaluate the effect of depression in coronary heart disease patients. Background: Depression is one of the common comorbidity among patients presented with acute coronary syndrome or those with major cardiovascular event. Depression has been independently associated or lead to acute cardiac events in patients. Method: The study was conducted from three months followed-up patients with recent diagnosed coronary heart disease and they getting treatment from cardiac centres “Armed Forces Hospitals. Depression was evaluated by using 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale and the cardiac outcome was assessed clinically by echo parameters and cardiac biomarkers such as C-reactive Protein. The data were analysis by SPSS version 23. Results: In this study 83 patients were part of this research. The patients had been picked up from range 18-65 year in which mostly patients were male (75%) than female (25%). Among 83 coronary heart disease patients 29.5% were suffering from depression while 19.5% were on severity. The deterioration factor was significantly influence by depression and smoking. Conclusion: Depression has a great impact on deterioration of the cardiac outcomes. It can serve as a predictive variable for future cardiological morbidity and mortality.
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Статья научная
Reduction of maternal and infant mortality rates has been recognised as one of the important goals of this century. Both coverage improvement and inequity reduction have been set up as millennium targets. Despite the availability of effective interventions, maternal and child healthcare conditions are not improving in developing countries because of inefficiently functioning health systems. Knowledge generation about behaviors of health system building blocks on the implementation of several healthcare interventions will help policymakers to design situation- specific and strategic interventions. A decision support system has been devised incorporating data mining algorithms which would help to understand the condition of maternal and child healthcare indicators; educational, socio, and economic situations; healthcare status; and healthcare service blocks and their relationships with each other. In this paper, the design of the DSS has been discussed elaborately. To enhance a system- wide understanding of the healthcare system, all healthcare- related factors have been incorporated into this system. Three knowledge generation modules have been prepared by utilizing different visualization and data mining algorithms.
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Detection MEC a gene and susceptibity some various antibiotic of Staphlococcus aureus
Статья научная
Through the study conducted in Najaf Governorate, bacterial samples were collected from different places. We notice during the study that the results were divided into two parts. The first was that the antibiotic Vancomycin had the highest rate of sensi-tivity to most of the bacterial samples, and this can be explained as follows. The bacterial isolates do not possess resistance genes or phenotypic factors that are highly effective against this antibi-otic. Therefore, the effect of the antibiotic was significant on most of the bacterial isolates. At the same time, some bacterial isolates showed resistance to the antibiotic Vancomycin. This can be ex-plained by the fact that these isolates possessed resistance genes or Phenotypic factors are resistant to this antibiotic, so resistance has been shown in some bacterial isolates. As for the second section, we note that the bacterial isolates had a very high rate of resistance to all other types of anti-biotics. This can be explained by the fact that these bacterial isolates possessed resistance genes, virulence factors, or both, which made them significantly more resistant to this antibiotic... and through review. Based on other research at the level of Iraq, as well as other countries, we notice that Staphylococcus au-reus bacteria is constantly evolving in resistance to antibiotics. We also note that the places where samples are collected have a role in resistance and sensitivity to antibiotics
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Статья научная
At present, there are some scattered evidence data pertaining to the use of an adaptive technique of radiotherapy in treatment of malignant glial tumors of the brain. Our evidence data obtained in MRI in the course of treatment show that the initial treatment plan may become irrelevant due to some changes observed in the tumor configuration. In its turn, it bears witness to the topicality of developing and introducing adaptive methods and techniques in the brain tumor treatment, which are capable to increase efficacy and tolerability in patients with primary malignant tumors of the brain. Aim. Our aim has been to develop an adaptive stereotactic method of radiotherapy in treatment of primary malignant brain tumors, which shall be capable to increase efficacy and tolerability of radiation therapy as well as reduce radiation dose to normal structures in the brain. Materials and methods. Our method has been elaborated with recruiting a group of 10 patients diagnosed with primary glioblastoma G IV, which have received specialized treatment at the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology at the Ministry of Health, the Russian Federation, in the period 2021-2022. The average age of the above patients is 43,4 years. All patients have undergone microsurgery covering the total resection of the tumor (3 patients) and subtotal removal of the malignant tumor (7 patients). The average time interval between the surgery and radiotherapy is 32,5 days. Before treatment, an intravenous contrast enhancement MRI of the brain with an axial pitch of 1 mm has been conducted employing the contrast T1, contrast-free T1 and T2 FLAIR modes. Planning of radiotherapy for this sort of patients has been carried out employing BrainLab Elements и Varian Medical Systems Eclipse. The CTV was defined as a 2,0 cm margin around GTV with an anatomical correction. The CTV-to-PTV margin was 0,1 cm. Doses have been administered as follows: a single dose of 2 Gy up to a total dose of 60 Gy in 30 fractions. The brain has been MRI-scanned in all patients with the use of intravenously introduced contrast agents with an axial pitch of 1 mm employing enhanced contrast/contrast-free T1 sequences and T2 FLAIR to redefine the radiotherapy targets (GTV, CTV, PTV). At fraction 30 we have completed MRI in order to estimate the treatment outcome. In the average, the radiotherapy course has taken 42-45 days, holidays included. For the purpose of the radiation therapy, used have been the Novalis Tx Varian Tx linear accelerator of kinetic energy of the beam of 6 MeV. Results We have developed our own adaptive stereotactic method of radiotherapy to treat the primary malignant glial tumors in the brain, which is capable of tracing the configuration of the post-surgery cavity, the residual tumor and the brain structures in the course of radiotherapy and adapting the therapy plan thereto that makes possible to reduce tissue volumes exposed to radiation due to a decrease in the tumoral and peritumoral volumes of the tumor and post-operative cavity. Conclusion. Our analysis has shown that in the course of radiotherapy some anatomical changes in the tumor configuration are found. An adaptive approach applied to radiation therapy allows monitoring the above changing volumes and correcting the treatment plan.
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Development of an experimental model of tumor growth under hypothyroidism
Статья научная
Aim. Our aim has been to develop an experimental model of the tumor growth against the background of hypothyroidism in rats of both genders in order to study possible influence made by hypothyroidism on progression of malignant tumors of various histological types. Materials and methods. In our studies we have used 100 outbred albino rats of both genders, with an individual body mass of 150-180 g. The female rats (n=30) and the male rats (n=30) have received Mercazolil at a day dosage of 2,5 mg/100g of the body weight for 30 days. After hypothyroidism in the treated rodents had been confirmed, one group of them (15 females and 15 males) were subcutaneously inoculated with the Guerin's carcinoma cells, and another group (covering other 15 females and other 15 males) has been undergone to transplantation of the Sarcoma 45 cells. The reference group has included the rats of both genders with subcutaneously inoculated the Guerin's carcinoma cells (n=10 females and n=10 males) and Sarcoma 45 cells (n=10 females and n=10 males), but without reproduction of the hypothyroidism model. Upon expiration of one month, within the 3 day period, we have estimated with a radioisotope analysis (RIA) standard assay kits (Immunotech, Czekh Republic) the levels of the thyroid hormones in blood of the tested animals as follows: Triiodothyronine (T3) (pM/L), total Thyroxine (T4) (pM/L) and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormon (TSH) (μU/mL). The obtained data have been processed with Statistica 10.0. Results. Upon the treatment with Mercazolil, we have found in the females a decrease by a factor of 7,3 in the total level of Thyroxine and an increase by a factor 1,6 in the TSH level (p function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Development of modern technology for obtaining tinctures with sedative effect
Статья научная
The aim of this work was to experimentally select the optimal conditions for obtaining a tincture with an effective sedative effect consisting of a mixture of common motherwort grass, medicinal lemon balm and nettle leaves in a ratio of (1:1:1) and the development of quality criteria for the finished product. The influence of the concentration of the extractant, the ratio of raw materials to extractant, the multiplicity of extraction and the mode of infusion with the use of auxiliary technologies (ultrasound treatment) on the yield of biologically active substances from the raw materials was studied. It has been established that the most acceptable way to obtain this tincture is maceration using ultrasound. This method allows us to obtain a tincture with a high yield of flavonoids with the minimum time used.
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Development of space technologies and problems of “home medicine”
Отчет
Experience of cosmonauts’ health monitoring shows that in the study of healthy subjects clinical approach to the evaluation of various medical and physiological data is almost less effective than the evaluation of organism adaptive abilities. The idea of prenosological diagnosis and the concept of adaptive risks develop in space medicine last years. These new space technologies are being actively tested in terrestrial studies in systems as "home medicine". The report presents three variants of systems, respectively, designed to work with a) home PC ("Ecosan-2007" and "Ecosan-TM"), b) Internet connections ("Delta 2013"), c) mobile communication channels ("Traffic Lights of Health"). The main method of functional conditions evaluation in all these systems is the heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. HRV indices allow us to construct a mathematical model and to compute the stress degree of regulatory systems, their functional reserve and adaptive risk.
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Development of the basilar artery system in the human embryonic period
Статья научная
The doctrine of the origin and development of cerebral arteries in the embryonic period of man in the XIX - XXI centuries was formed by I. Tandler (1899, 1902), H. Evans (1911), G.L. Streeter (1908, 1918), G.D. Aronovich (1939), D.N. Padget (1947 - 1972), N.V. Popova-Latkina (1954 - 1975), Y.N. Shapovalov (1963), A.G. Knorre (1967), I. Stanek (1977), B. Carlson (1983), A.V. Gorbunov (1998 - 2022), etc. To date, we have shown that basilar arteries are detected in embryos at 7 weeks of intrauterine development, posterior cerebral arteries with plexiform branching - at 8 weeks of intrauterine life, and persistent trigeminal arteries continue to be detected in prenatal embryos at 8-9 weeks of human prenatal ontogenesis. In prenatal embryos 7-8-9 weeks of prenatal ontogenesis, the basilar artery system provides the needs of the human intrauterine brain.
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Статья научная
Not only protozoa being the simplest organisms have a single ventricle heart. Artificial heart systems used in cardiac surgery can be also of the single-ventricle design. Besides, there is a “single-ventricle heart condition”, i.e. a complex of defects in the structure of the heart that may occur in some human individuals and that may be found with different occurrence rate and severity. This defect should be attributed to an uneven development and malformation of some individual heart segments in the prenatal period. Single Ventricle belongs to the category of congenital heart defects. The latter greatly increases the scientific interest in studying the features of mathematical models of the single-ventricle heart condition. Herein, we offer our study on some issues of the smoothness of sewing of the exact solutions of a mathematical model of a single-ventricle heart based on the equation of forced oscillations.
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Отчет
The paper reviews the existing methods for hemodynamic parameters measurement, namely the Fick method, the thermodilution technique and the Cardiocode technology. Comparative analysis of the above methods is presented. Strong and weak points in each method and their informative values are identified. Distinctive features of the Cardiocode method, as the only noninvasive one, are described.
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Diagnostics of coronary blood flow: advantages of using the cardiometric method
Статья научная
The article discusses the features of the diagnosis of coronary blood flow using the cardiometric method. Diagnosis of coronary blood flow is of great importance in cardiology. The causes of incomplete filling of the coronary arteries with blood are considered, criteria for rechecking the correctness of the diagnosis of the functioning of the coronary blood flow, including amount of lactate, stress index and type of adaptation reaction, are identified. A possible therapy for the early stage of reducing the blood filling of the coronary arteries is given.
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Другой
This paper develops three interconnected ideas about measurements of durations, of the calendar times and of the time in historical processes. It is shown that although we cannot predict ahead of time what exact novelties will arise in the noosphere, we are able to estimate a periodicity of the radical changes occurring in the cultural history.
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Статья научная
Aims: to study the features of the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) regulation in male rats at the stages of liver metastasizing. Materials and methods. Our research work was performed in 30 outbred male rats. Metastases in the liver were produced by implantation of sarcoma 45 (S45) cells into the spleen, which was previously positioned under the skin. The time spans of the study are 5 weeks (the pre-metastatic stage) and 7 weeks (the metastatic stage) after tumor cell transplantation. In the tissues, the content of the following hormones was determined by RIA: luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), total testosterone (Ttot), progesterone (P4); by ELISA we determined the content of the following hormones: gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), free testosterone (Tfr) and estrone (E1). Results. At all stages of the study, the level of GnRH in the hypothalamus decreased by more than 2.0 times; in the pituitary gland, the hormone levels had multidirectional dynamics: LH decreased by 1.6 times, and FSH increased by more than 6.0 times. Liver metastases were characterized by high levels of E1 and Ttot. In the gonads, a high level of P4 was recorded and concentrations of both forms of testosterone were reduced. The concentrations of E2 (by 1.6 times), Tfr (by 4.8 times) increased in blood, and the level of Ttot decreased (by 1.9 times). The salient features of HPGA in the presence of two metastasis sites (liver and lungs) were as follows: in blood, a 2.0 times lower increase in the LH and Tfr contents, a 1.6 times greater increase in E2, an increase in P4 (2.6 times), 1, 4 times lower level of FSH; in the gonads, there are found lower levels of P4, E1, but higher levels of Tfr and Ttot; in liver metastases, a greater increase in P4 (5.2 times), E1 (2.2 times) and Tfr (2.0 times) is recorded. Conclusion. Metastasizing to the liver was accompanied by activation of HPGA with the maximum accumulation of reactogenic E1 in liver metastases in rats with two metastasis sites that may indicate their more severe malignancy and ability to metastasize to the lungs.
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Digital heart rate diagnostics
Отчет
Heart rate diagnostics based on tactile sensations has been known for over 5 thousand years. Medieval doctors used it and modern doctors use it. With the advent of the Marei arteriograph in 1860, heart rate waves became possible to observe, creating visual images, and subsequently analyze them using a computer in digital form. However, in this way, the main obstacle remains the imperfection of the sensors, allowing you to receive only weak and noisy signals with a large number of artifacts. In practice, heart rate wave sensors are produced only by Millar (USA), Omron (Japan), and the Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RF). This article summarizes the experience of studying heart rate waves by IMASH RAS since 1990. Systematization of the results led to an attempt to create the basis of digital heart rate diagnostics, which will make it easier for doctors to make a diagnosis based on methods of modern information technologies.
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Discovery of adaptational reactions: a new milestone in the development of oncology
Статья
The celebration of the 90th anniversary of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in the past 2021 expanded its time frame due to other anniversaries that are inextricably linked with the scientific activities of the Rostov Cancer Centre.
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