Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 527
Efficacy of enhanced external counterpulsation: our experience
Статья научная
Aims: Enhanced external counterpulsation therapy is a non-invasive, non-pharmacological outpatient treatment option for refractory angina pectoris. Our aim is to evaluate its efficacy in Nepalese refractory angina pectoris patients. Materials and methods: It was single centre prospective study conducted from 2010 August to 2013 December. All thirty one (n=31) consecutive patients, referred for and received 35 hours of treatment were included in this study. The distance covered in six minute walk test before and after the treatment was recorded and compared. Patients were followed each with the questionnaires about their anginal symptoms before and after the treatment. Results: In our study 19(61.3%) were male and 12(38.7%) female. The mean age was 65.7±9.3 years. Most patients had multi vessel disease. Twelve patients had previous history of revascularization. In 6 minute walk test there was significant difference in mean distance covered before and after the treatment. Most patients experienced decrease in the angina symptom. They had decreased in severity and frequency of angina, resulting in decreased use of sublingual nitrates. Conclusion: EECP can be safe and effective treatment option for patients with RAP.
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Статья обзорная
This paper presents the results of a study in which cardiac signal of the first lead of a standard digital ECG system were processed. By filtering in the time domain, the cardiogram was clarified of noise that reduced influence of spectral harmonics by 10-15%. To present and classify frequency characteristics throughout the entire cardio signal, the QS section between the P and T peaks was smoothed. Due to the influence of sharp peaks on the results of spectral analysis, a result considerably differ from the sum of sinusoidal components is observed. The gap between the peaks is interpolated by the Lagrange polynomial since it did not show an influence on the resultant spectrum. The spectral representation revealed peaks with frequencies oddly even, 3.1 Hz and 6.2 Hz, corresponding to the P and T peaks. Based on the obtained results the frequencies corresponding to the remaining peaks of the cardiogram were also classified. The obtained results represent a spectrum of two regular harmonics what allows for further adequate diagnostics of ECG signals.
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Endocrine emergencies: clinical manifestations, operative diagnostics and emergency medical care
Статья научная
The article analyzes clinical manifestations, operative diagnostics and emergency medical care for endocrine emergencies. The authors notes that urgent endocrine conditions are serious and potentially life-threatening conditions that require immediate medical attention. Medical care in such cases may include rapid diagnosis and immediate treatment to prevent complications. Medical care for urgent endocrine conditions is critically important for saving the patient’s life and preventing serious complications. One of the directions of improving the methods of medical care for urgent endocrine conditions is the use of the latest technologies and innovative methods of treatment.
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Отчет
The activity of key ferments in the Krebs cycle (SDH) and glycolysis (α-GPDH) in peripheral blood lymphocytes in animals and humans with cancer pathology is considered herein. Identified is a close relationship between the fermentative activity and non-specific integral reactions of an organism, the type of which can be regulated by factors of electromagnetic nature. Monitoring of signal energetic and adaptive reactions permits to adequately evaluate an efficacy of treatment and predict recovery.
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Energetically optimal nonstationary mode of flow along tube with constant and time-varying radius
Отчет
Derived is a new modification of hydrodynamic equations of viscous incompressible fluid flowing along the tube with radius changing in time. Obtained are exact non-stationary solutions of these equations generalizing a well-known classic stationary solution for Hagen-Poiseuille flow in the tube with radius constant in time. It is demonstrated that the law of changing the tube radius in time may be determined basing on the condition of minimality of the work expended for flowing the set fluid volume along such a tube during the period of radius change cycle. Obtained is the solution of the corresponding variational (isoperimetric) problem on conditional extremum determining the limits to dimensionless quantity of the cycle duration set by the specified dimensionless value of the flowed fluid volume. Identified is the generalization of well-known model of optimal branching pipeline in which the Poiseuille law modification is used for a new exact non-stationary solution of hydrodynamic equation instead of the law itself. It is demonstrated that the energetically favorable non-stationary modes with negative hydraulic resistance are permissible in certain conditions. The obtained conclusions may be used for development of the hydrodynamic basis of modelling the energy-optimal blood flow realized in the cardiovascular system in norm.
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Energy phenotypes of BT20, BT474, MDA-MB-453 under actions and effects made by berberine
Статья
Breast cancer (BC) is among most cancers worldwide. To date, research is being actively conducted to study substances that can influence on the phenotype of the tumor cells. In chemotherapy with various drugs, the tumor cells have an ATP deficiency that contributes to a decrease in their proliferative activity. In the course of numerous pharmacological studies, the natural compound berberine isolated from the roots of plants of the genus Berberis sp. [1] has engaged the researchers' attention as a candidate for this purpose. The aim of our study was to explore the actions and effects produced by berberine on the energy phenotypes of breast cancer cell lines BT20, BT474 and MDA-MB-453.
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Статья научная
The aim is to evaluate the level, structure and dynamics of cardiovascular morbidity in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic for the period from 2014 to 2019. The article describes the structure and dynamics of the general and primary morbidity of the adult population according to the main classes of diseases, the level, structure and dynamics of the general and primary morbidity of the circulatory system diseases from 2014 to 2019. The high prevalence of cerebrovascular disease and arterial hypertension, increase in new cases of acute myocardial infarction, postinfarction cardiosclerosis, cerebral infarction, intracerebral and other intracranial hemorrhage, the effects of cerebrovascular disease on the background of reducing the chronic forms of ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension primary morbidity. The critical analysis of official statistics as a basis for management decisions is given. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the substantiation of reasonability of clinical and epidemiological research for the planning of preventive measures in the health-care system. As a result, reasonability of the clinical and epidemiological research and the need to implement additional preventive measures is substantiated.
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Статья научная
Background: Osteoporosis is a disease that changes with time. It’s a serious bone condition marked by brittle bones. Thickness, less technical degradation of bone tissue, and consequent increased bone plasticity, greatly increasing the risk of fractures bone. Osteoporosis is a public health issue affecting 200 million women worldwide each year. Objectives: Evaluate postmenopausal women’s knowledge of osteoporosis prevention. Methodology: Quantitative approach with descriptive research design. Independent variable is self-structured inquiry and dependent variable is Knowledge of postmenopausal women. The study was conducted at kancheepuram district. Sample includes post-menopausal who fulfils the inclusion criteria were selected by convenient sampling technique. Results:osteoporosis among postmenopausal women was 11.82 with standard deviation 4.57 with maximum score of 20.0. The calculated statistically highly significant at p
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Статья научная
Introduction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of damping coefficient ξ provided by narrow-band notch filters on the quality indicators of the ECG signal processing accompanied by development of a special software package for experimental testing of the cascade filtering system of natural electrical noise and its harmonics. Materials and Methods. For the formation of additive components of signal and noise, test ECG signals from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were selected as a model, and electrical noise was synthesized taking into account their harmonic nature. The transfer function of the notch filtering system was tuned and calculated. Quantitative quality metrics was used to determine the processing efficiency at the input and output of the signal filtering system. To assess the effect of damping coefficients made on the ECG signal processing system, the method of the linear regression analysis was applied. Methods of structural and procedural programming were used to create a software package for processing a full-scale noisy signal recording. Results. An increase in the efficiency of the ECG signal processing system was revealed when calculating quantitative indicators characterizing the quality solution to the signal filtering problem. It has been found that at values of the damping coefficient ξ = 0.1, the efficiency of the analysis of ECG signal processing in terms of accuracy and noise resistance increases, and the filtering error decreases due to the improvement of the selectivity of the notch filter at the resonant frequency. The effect of the damping coefficient on the quality indicators of ECG signal processing was established, and regression equations were obtained to characterize the adequacy of the designed model for the confidence interval (P = 0.99) at p <0.01. The performance of the developed software package has been demonstrated, which combines a cascade filtering system with a damping coefficient ξ = 0.1, to eliminate the natural electrical interference of the ECG signal and its harmonics. Conclusion. The evidence data obtained in our work, both calculated (theoretical) and practical (experimental) data, confirm the efficiency of the proposed processing approach to the selection of informative components ECG signal under the influence of high-frequency electrical interference and its harmonics. The sequential incorporation of two narrow-band notch filters with a damping coefficient ξ = 0.1 to suppress interference at a frequency of 50 Hz and its harmonics at a frequency of 100 Hz opens up new possibilities for processing ECG signals.
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Evaluation of cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effects of new CYP17A1 inhibitors
Статья
The CYP17A1 inhibitors are used to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, the existing shortcomings (side effects and low bio-availability) make the search, synthesis, and evaluation of the biological properties of new agents relevant. The aim of our research work was to investigate the cytotoxic and proapoptotic properties of new compounds: alsevirone and LA-91.
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Evaluation of general repolarization of cardiomyocites with biphasic pulses of different shapes
Статья научная
According to data provided by the European Resuscitation Council (ERC), 76% of sudden cardiac arrests should be attributed to ventricular fibrillation [1-3]. The main treatment of this disease is an immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, one of the components of which is a defibrillation of abnormal rhythms. The paper presents an analysis of advanced shapes of biphasic pulses, which have found a widespread application and have been clinically tested. The aim is to study the main parameters of the impact of different shapes of the existing pulses and their due consideration in a development of a defibrillator. An evaluation has been performed using defibrillators Fluke Impulse 7000DP and device Impulse 7010 designed to simulate different loads. Evaluated has been the shape of each of 7 biphasic pulses, the amplitude and exposure time of each of different signal phases. Upon results of the conducted analysis, some recommendations on cardiopulmonary resuscitation have been prepared; in particular, the necessity to maintain a constant current density of 14 -16 A, delivered for 4 -5 ms, is proposed. The maintenance of these parameters can be provided using the current stabilization technology (CST).
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Статья научная
Objective: This study evaluated the role of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in evaluation of the LV systolic function in patients had CTO of LAD at 1 day as well as at 3 months after revascularization Methodology: This prospective observational study included 100 patients diagnosed by coronary angiography to have a chronic complete occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed. When the residual stenosis was less than 30% of the intraluminal diameter and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade III flow was achieved without any major complications, the operation was considered a success. Using speckle tracking echocardiography was to measure global longitudinal strain and left ventricular functions. Follow up of patients was done at day 1 and 3 months later after PCI. Results: Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and wall motion score index (WMAI) difference at baseline and follow up shows a positive correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) changes at baseline and follow up (p˂0.001). Mean baseline left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) was 58.22±11.65 and follow-up LVESV was 50.60±14.07 with statistical difference (p=0.047). Mean value of baseline GLS (-14.26±0.93) and follow-up GLS was (-15.66±0.92) (p˂0.001). Periprocedural com-plications were contrast induced nephropathy in 3 %, cardiac tamponade 1 % and Emergency re PCI 1 % Conclusion: Revascularization via PCI to CTO of LAD can improve LV function. These results of the study provide ev
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Evolution of the cardiac analyzer “Pulse” and the mobile medical devices
Статья научная
The basis of one of the areas in biomechanics, associated with the development of hemodynamics and fluid mechanics of the heart muscle, has been the use of new fiber-optic sensors, previously developed to solve some engineering problems. In particular, the original sensors of pressure and other physical quantities have been modified for the purpose of measuring cardiac mechanical signals, namely tones, noises and other vibration signals of the heart and pulse pressure waves in the circulatory system. The main idea of introducing such sensors into medicine is formulated as an attempt to enable a general practitioner or a cardiologist, as well as any expert, to quickly collect the necessary data both on the patient’s state of the cardiovascular system and the condition of the entire organism in general. In parallel with designing the sensors, secondary equipment and signal processing algorithms have been developed.
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Exercise testing to stratify risk in asymptomatic moderate and severe aortic stenosis
Тезисы
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Статья научная
Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the expansion capacity of current commercially available Drug Eluting Stents (DES) with nominal diameters of 3.5-4.0mm in patients with Left Main disease. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 50 Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)for Left Main disease at Benha university hospitals and National Heart Institute. PCI was done with Drug Eluting Stents (DES) with large diameters of 3.5-4mm and post dilatation was done with non-compliant (NC) balloons with diameters of 4.5- 5mm. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was used to measure maximal stent diameter and area. Results: Three commercially available DESs were used in our study; XIENCE Xpeditionᵀᴹ, Ultimasterᵀᴹ and Onyxᵀᴹ. Maximal stent diameter was 4.5±0.3mm and diameter expansion index was 0.96±0.05. Maximal stent area was 14.67±2.06mm² and area expansion index was 0.86±0.07mm². On IVUS images, significantly more calcification< 90 ̊ was detected in the group with expansion index - 0.85 (68.4 percent versus 25.8%, P=0.003) compared to the group with expansion index - 0.85. We found that DESs with diameters of 3.5-4.0mm can be expanded up to diameter of 5.3mm after post-dilation. No complications were reported in the studied patients, including perforation or stent fracture. Conclusion: Current DESs with nominal diameters of 3.5-4.0mm can be safely and effectively over-expanded to reach the predicted diameters in the left main, but the presence of calcification -90 may affect the achievement of the predicted area.
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Extracellular matrix of experimental hepatocarcinoma G-29 under the influence of lithium carbonate
Статья
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive human tumors with a high mortality rate. Despite the fact that the incidence rate of this sort of tumors is high, the mechanisms of its pathogenesis and metastasis are not fully understood, and the existing therapy is often unsuccessful. There is evidence in the reference literature available that in patients with HCC, alterations occur in the microenvironment of the tumor tissue, including the extracellular matrix (ECM) that stimulates the growth and metastasis of the HCC cells. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the state of the tumor ECM during the spontaneous tumor development and with lithium carbonate introduction.
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Статья научная
The Healthcare sector has been emerging on the platform of data science. And data scientists are often using machine learning techniques based on historical data to create models, make predictions or recommendations. This paper aims to provide background and information for the community on the benefits and variants of Federated Learning (F.L.) with other technologies for medical applications and highlight key considerations and challenges of F.L. implementation in the digital health background. With this FMaaS, we envisage a future for digital federated health. We hope to empower and raise awareness about the environment and fog computing to provide a more secure and better-analyzing environment. The AutoML framework is used to generate and optimize machine learning models using automatic engineering tools, model selection, and hyperparameter optimization on fog nodes. Thus, making the system more reliable and secure for each individual by preserving privacy at their end devices. And this will lead to a personalized recommendation system for each individual associated with this framework by deploying the Model to their devices for on-device inferences through the concept of differential private Model averaging. With this framework, users don’t have to compromise with privacy, and all their sensitive data will be secure on their end devices.
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Factor analysis as a basis for mathematical modeling in living systems
Статья научная
Factor analysis, as the basis of mathematical modeling of living systems, is based on the interdependence of individual characteristics that form the specifics of a particular property, quality. The study is based on the method of factor analysis, which allows us to speed up the assessment of producers of Kalmyk and Hereford cattle breeds by the quality of their offspring. The studies were conducted on a large sample of data, including various evaluation parameters of 96 breeding bulls and 272 sons. Indicators have been developed for one feature, which is quite suitable for the preliminary selection of steers in breeding and commodity farms engaged in the breeding of beef cattle. For the final assessment, we have compiled new indicators as follows: two indicators - live weight at 8 and 15 months, live weight at 15 months and average daily increase from 8 to 15 months; three characteristics - live weight at 8, 15 months and average daily increase. These indicators are objective and easily measurable over a relatively short period of time. According to the estimates obtained for individual sons, it is possible to determine the evaluation of breeding bulls by the quality of offspring by summing the values of the new factors.
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