Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 571
Статья научная
Aims The present paper aims at evaluating the existing difference in duration measurements of the same heart cycle phases in the standard V3, V4, V5, V6 leads ECG versus original HDA lead ECG of the ascending aorta. Materials and The method of changing the filter pass band is used. Its essence is in methods artificial changing of the conditions of the signal recording carrying the informative indications of the initial information used in hemodynamic equations. The method also enables calculating the percentage deviation from the initial values. The principle of balance of the blood volume entering the heart and the blood volume leaving the heart is used to trace the minimal deviations and their respective recording conditions. Results In each of the V3, V4, V5, V6 ECG leads durations of the same phases have different values. The values measured on the ECG of the ascending aorta and those measured using the standard V4 ECG lead differ slightly. Conclusion For heart cycle phase analysis it is possible to use only the ECG of the ascending aorta and V4 standard lead ECG. Using conventional standard ECG leads causes an error up to 25%.
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Статья научная
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Intravascular imaging is an important tool in the arsenal of each interventional cardiologist. While angiography provides a two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional structure, intravascular imaging enhances understanding by providing detailed cross-sectional images. This study aimed to investigate the discrepancies in coronary vessel sizing between quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and intravascular ultrasound. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 69 patients who were referred for elective coronary angiography. Patients were subjected to history taking, examination, blood samples, electrocardiogram (E.C.G.), and echocardiography. Then, a comparison of each vessel’s luminal diameter by QCA and IVUS was done. Results: The study included 69 patients; The mean age was 54.7 ± 9.7. There was a statistically significant difference between the studied vessels regarding the discrepancy between luminal diameters measured by IVUS and QCA. IVUS luminal diameter was larger than QCA luminal diameter (the median difference in measures of QCA and IVUS in the left main artery, LAD, LCX, and RCA were -0.8, -0.55, -0.4, and -0.5 respectively). Furthermore, there is a statistically significant difference between the studied vessels regarding the presence of a difference >0.75 mm between the luminal diameters measured by IVUS and QCA (Difference >0.75 mm in the left main artery, LAD, left circumflex and RCA were 55.8%, 21.7%, 30.8%, and 15.4% respectively). Conclusion: Coronary lesions were underestimated by QCA in comparison to IVUS regarding luminal diameter, especially the left main (LM).
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Статья научная
ated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) allows for the assessment of myocardial left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular volumes. There is conflicting data regarding the difference between automated and manual processing of gated myocardial SPECT images. The purpose of this retrospective “cross-sectional study is to compare the degree of variability between automated and manual processing of Quantitative Gated SPECT algorithms for assessing left ventricular volumes and ejection percent”. Study was carried out in the Nuclear Medicine department “at the Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and comprised of 96 participants who “underwent” both stress and “rest gated” myocardial perfusion “imaging” (MPI) from February to May 2021. Data were analyzed “using SPSS for Windows (version 22; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The mean of EF, ESV, and EDV on stress test using the automatic technique were 62.46 ± 14.62%, 45.00 ± 37.10 ml, and 107.01 ± 43.70 ml, respectively while using the manual technique were 57.21±14.80%, 44.35±35.93 ml, and 93.26±39.14 ml, respectively. The mean of EF, ESV, and EDV on rest test using the automatic technique were 62.85± 15.47%, 43.44± 36.35 ml, and 104.27±42.51 ml, respectively while using the manual technique were 57.74±15.33%, 43.30±36.42 ml, and 91.72±41.50 ml, respectively. For LVEF and EDV, the difference between automated and manual techniques is statistically significant (p0.05). Discrepancies were observed that exist by using the fully automated and manual technique for determining LVEF and Left ventricular volumes by gated MPI.
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Статья
Escape from cell death is one of the most prominent features of tumor cells and is closely related to the dysregulation of Bcl-2 family proteins. Among them, the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 (myeloid cell leukaemia-1) acts as a master regulator of apoptosis in various human malignancies. The Mcl-1 -1 protein, whose main function is to protect tumor cells from apoptosis, is not the only product of the anti-apoptotic gene MCL1. On the contrary, another product of this gene, the shortened Mcl-1S protein, formed by alternative splicing, serves as a negative regulator of Mcl-1. Increased levels of Mcl-1S lead to inhibition of apoptosis-protective Mcl-1 and, consequently, tumor cell death by apoptosis (Senichkin, 2018). Mcl-1 inhibitors are currently being developed, which opens new perspectives to fight the hitherto untreatable addiction of cancer cells.
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Conflict situation in a suburban hospital, India: Reasons and measures to minimize
Статья научная
Health care has a prominent place in society and as a setting required to serve and care for its public and stimulate overall physical, psychological, and social health. It has a distinct obligation to generate a healthy workplace. Conflict and diversity are intrinsic in health care, and conflict in interdisciplinary teams is an accepted norm and unescapable. Thus, a study was conducted to understand reasons for the conflict amongst varied levels of healthcare staff in a 150 bedded multispecialty hospital in an Indian city. A Survey of 200 respondents (Healthcare and managerial staff) revealed that lack of appreciation, job stress, and competition within the department (32%) were the major reasons for differences amongst the employees. Concerning approaches adopted, compromising and collaborating methods scored more (38% and 38.6%, respectively). The results have shown that, in general, managers are familiar with conflict resolution techniques and believe in motivating their staff to increase their levels of performance and retain them with the hospital. However, there is a need to make the human resource system more robust and accommodating to ensure varied healthcare professionals from different qualification backgrounds and job roles are treated equitably
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Contact effects by mitochondria: biological destruction of cultivated B16 - F10 melanoma cells
Статья научная
In recent years therapeutic effects produced by mitochondria, transplanted to pathogenic regions in an organism, which demonstrate their high migration activity and tropicity with respect to filling of energetic vacuum, have been inspiring a renewed interest in the scientific community. In this context, this raises the question of the source of metabolically active mitochondria and their histological compatibility required for the mitochondrial transplantation. Aim. The aim of our research work is to study characteristics/ quality of mitochondria from cells of the liver and the heart in rats, which in the in vitro system have produced their impact on different biological features of the B16-F10 murine melanoma cell culture. Materials and methods. In our research work we have used cells of the B16-F10 murine melanoma cell line culture. In the framework of the study, an experiment with mitochondria harvested from the liver and the heart of a rat has been conducted. Mitochondria have been isolated using differential centrifugation with a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge. With the B16-F10 culture cells, we have designed the following variants of our experiments: 1) use of cardiac mitochondria (1 mg/mL, in terms of total protein); 2) use of cardiac mitochondria (1 mg/mL) + succinic acid (10-4%); 3) mitochondria of the liver (1 mg/mL, in terms of total protein); 4) use of mitochondria of the liver (1 mg/mL) + succinic acid (10-4%); 5) use of succinic acid (10-4%) solely; 6) the reference specimen with no use of mitochondria and the above agents. An assessment of the impact made by mitochondria on the migration of the B16-F10 cells has been performed with the scratch wound healing test. For the purpose of an analysis of the effect produced by mitochondria on the energetic metabolism of the B16-F10 cell culture we have measured main parameters of the cell respiration and glycolysis in stress tests with adding some toxic chemicals. The rate of the cellular respiration has been assessed by measuring the amount of oxygen taken in (oxygen consumption rate, OCR), and the glycolysis level has been evaluated by the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). Results. Adding cardiac and hepatic mitochondria to the cultivated B16-F10 cells has produced a pronounced cytopathic effect, which has become more remarkable upon expiration of two days of the cell cultivation and which has consisted in cytoplasm granulation and partial detaching of the cells. Introducing mitochondria of the heart to the cultivated B16-F10 cells has induced a considerable decrease both in the background-related and the maximum level of oxygen consumption by the B16-F10 cells as against the reference samples without adding of mitochondria. Adding the cardiac mitochondria has led to a statistically significant decrease in the base level of ECAR by 14,36 mpH/min (t = 3,12, df = 10) as compared with the reference values. Introducing hepatic mitochondria has also resulted in a reduction of the average value of ECAR as against the background by 4,8 mpH/min. Conclusion. Metabolically active mitochondria are capable of reformatting energetic fluxes in tumor cells and change their cellular respiration that leads to the most effectively realized death of the cultivated B16-F10 tumor cells.
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Статья научная
The aim is to study some mechanisms of regulation of apoptosis and self-organization in the mitochondria in the heart cells in female mice during the growth of experimental melanoma B16/ F10 linked with chronic neurogenic pain as comorbid pathology.
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Статья научная
Topicality. Studies of the processes of the regeneration in the liver are not new, but however the development of the technologies of bio-therapy is capable of shifting the conventional approaches to the regeneration of the lost tissues. Mitochondrial therapy (MCT) occupies one of the highly important places in the list of bio-technologies by offering some unique mechanisms of the restoration of the organs. The liver having its specific tissue property of the regeneration demonstrates upon completion of hepatoectomy mitochondrial insufficiency and inhibition of the regenerative processes. Therefore it is required to evaluate the efficacy of mitochondrial stimulation in an experimental model in vivo with the proper morphological confirmation of the productivity and acceleration of the regenerative function of the liver that has become decisive for our research study work. Materials and methods. We have resected in 30 albino outbred male rats the left lobe of the liver, which is the maximum tolerable volume, amounting to 70% of the total mass of this organ, and upon of expiration of 24 hours we have transplanted to them intraperitoneally mitochondria harvested from a donor rat. Mitochondria have been isolated with the use of the differential centrifugation with high-speed refrigerated centrifuge Avanti J-E, BECMAN COULTER, USA. The morphological ORIGINAL RESEARCH examination of the liver sections has been conducted after their embedding in paraffin wax and staining with hematoxylin-eosin using microscopic testing of the liver sections with Axiovert (Carl 44 Zeiss, Germany) and applying the visualization software Axiovision 4 (Carl Zeiss, Germany). Results and discussion. It has been established that within the same period of time the quantitative data on the mass of the liver and its stump after MCT have exceeded the respective reference data by a factor of 1,6 (р˂0,05). The efficacy of the MCT application with respect to the regenerative function of the liver has been confirmed by the quality of the hepatic self-organization and replenishment of the key structures. A considerable supply of the most important cell elements of the connective tissue to the capsulated zone of the stump of the liver, an activation of neo-angiogenesis, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of hepatocytes with the repetitive order of the arrangement of the lobe structure of full value are manifestations of the acceleration of the regeneration. Conclusion. The high energy potential of fresh mitochondria makes possible to realize the trigger mechanisms of the bio-synthetic processes addressing an immediate restoration of the damaged or disordered liver tissues that can hold the greatest promise in emergency surgery and the activation of slowly progressive processes.
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Статья научная
Unilateral ovariectomy (UOE) of female rats caused an increase in duration of the non-reproductive period (NRP) - metestrus and diestrus phases, and shortening of the reproductive period (RP) - proestrus and estrus phases of the estrous cycle (a symptom of hormonal deficiency). Signs of stress persisted 5 weeks after UOE: reduction of the ratio of thymus weight to the weight of adrenal glands (T/A). A two-week course of the succinate-containing composition with added B vitamins (SCCV) administered to the control female rats and those upon UOE has increased the T/A ratio as compared to that of intact animals, which is an indication of “activation” according to Garkavi et al. [1] and restored the NRP/RP ratio. Cytobiochemical analysis found a significant increase in nitroblue tetrazolium reduction during succinate oxidation in lymphocytes according to reading of animal blood smears.
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Статья научная
Aims. This paper describes a novel approach to the analysis of electrocardiographic data based on the consideration of the repetitive P, Q, R, S, T sequences as cyclic codes. In Part I we introduce a principle similar to the syndrome decoding using the control numbers, which allows correcting the noise combinations. Materials and methods. We propose to apply the burst-error-correcting algorithms for automatic detection of the ECG artifacts and the functional abnormalities, including those compared to the reference model. Our approach is compared to the symbolic dynamics methods. During the automated search of the code components (i.e. point values and spectral ranges one-to-one corresponding to P, Q, R, S, T) considered in Part II, the authors apply the Lomb-Scargle periodogram method with the phase control which allows to determine the code components not only from the main harmonics, but also using the sidebands, avoiding the phase errors. Results. The results of the method testing on rats with the heart failure using a simplified telemetric recording from the implantable chips are given in Part III...
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Статья научная
Background: Global left ventricular (LV) myocardial work effi-ciency (GLVMWE); the ratio of constructive to wasted work in all LV segments, reflects the efficiency by which mechanical energy is expended during the cardiac cycle. Global LV myocardial work efficiency (GLVMWE) can be derived from LV pressure-strain loop analysis incorporating both noninvasively estimated blood pressure recordings and echocardiographic strain data.
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Статья научная
Acute myocardial infarction causes a great number of mortality and morbidity each year. Risk assessment and prognosis is one of the initial steps in approaching a patient with acute myocardial infarction. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and red cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR) are two indices that have been studied recently and their prognostic and risk assessment role is reported in various studies. In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between NLR and RPR with ST segment resolution (STR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Materials and methods This is a cohort study with 2 months of follow up and a total of 211 patients with acute myocardial infarction were enrolled in the study. An electrocardiogram and venous blood sample was taken from all included patient and the results were recorded in a questionnaire. All patients underwent primary coronary intervention and another electrocardiogram was retrieved within 90 minute after primary angioplasty. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16. Results Our results showed that the mean age of participants was 61.15±12.68 years. Among 211 patients, 181 (85.8%) were male and 30 (14.2%) were female. The mean RPR, NLR and SRT in the studied patients was 1.01±0.21, 4.07±3.31 and 0.418±0.32 respectively. There was a significant correlation between NLR and RPR with STR along with two month complications in studied patients. Conclusion According to our results, NLR and RPR can be used for risk assessment and prognosis and short term complications of myocardial infarction in patients undergoing primary coronary intervention.
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Counselling to promote self-esteem -pilot analysis
Статья научная
Alcohol is not able to control the drinking habit due to both physical and emotional dependence on alcohol. Counseling aims to address the underlying causes of alcoholism. Alcohol is classified as a ‘brain disease’. Counseling services are therefore an important factor in recovering from addiction and promoting self-esteem. Self-esteemis a reflection of human understanding and a sense of human worth. Counseling is a method that helps to use a problem-solving process to promote self-esteem. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of counseling, promote self-esteem, and link self-esteem with demographic variability. Post-counseling study methodology after counseling, in the Study group, 8.33% of alcohol dependents had a low score, 50% alcohol dependence had a moderate level of the score and 41.67% was a high score. Among the control group, 41.67% of alcohol dependents had a low score, 58.33% received a moderate level and none of them achieved a high score. Therefore, counseling provides professional support, advice, and recommended addiction services.
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Criteria of identification of individual heart cycle phases on ECG
Статья научная
Aims Criteria of identification of individual heart cycle phases according to an ECG curve are described in this paper. Materials and For this study, a single-lead system ECG is used only. Its distinctive methods feature is that an ECG signal is recorded within the body surface area of the ascending aorta. Using the theory of biological system process continuity, the individual heart cycle phase boundaries are determined at those points of the cardiac signals where we deal with an energy process transition in the cardiovascular system from the process of the energy build-up to its attenuation, and vice versa. The transition points are identified by us by mathematical differentiation of the ECG signals, and, as a result, they correspond to extrema of the ECG derivative. Some individual heart cycle phases are found according to maxima on the derivative, others are identified according to minima on the derivative curve, respectively. Results The method of application of the ECG derivatives allows to capture individual heart cycle phases in a very precise manner. Utilization of the ECG derivatives is a prerequisite for computer-assisted processing of the data to deliver measurements of durations of every heart cycle phase. Conclusion Using the ECG derivatives for fixing every heart cycle phase makes possible to fill up the gaps in the theory of phase analysis and avoid misinterpretations of any type of the ECG phase structures.
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Cybernetic approach to health assessment
Статья научная
The exploration of orbital space served as a prerequisite for the creation of a new direction of medical science in relation to the very extreme conditions of life of spacecraft crews. Space medicine, relying on the most modern research methods and approaches, thanks to the development of new medical devices and the use of unique data analysis algorithms, has made a significant contribution to the development of telemedicine, medical cybernetics, and prenosological principles for assessing the state of human health. The review reflects the main stages in the development of medical cybernetics and prenosological diagnostics based on the assessment of the regulatory components of the cardiovascular system. Discussed the aspects of the application of the method of mathematical analysis of the heart rhythm in relation to the assessment and forecast of the working capacity of cosmonauts, at the simulating model of microgravity and confinement. Shown the useful methodically apply for the healthcare of manufacture teams at the plants, passenger bus driver’s employments. As the part of appliance of the new advance tools of children and adolescents public health during the educating process at schools. The created system for analyzing the current functional state of human health and mathematical models that make it possible to predict its negative changes make it possible to predetermine the vector of development of medicine in the future. The foundations of knowledge gained over the period of more than 70 years of scientific activity of Professor R.M. Bavsky are reflected in promising areas of cardiology research using computer technologies - such as Cardiometry technologies.
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Другой
The present issue of our journal is of very special nature. We are constantly analyzing not only the readers’ focus of interest to the publications in our journal, but we are also tracing how cardiometry as a new science is realized by medical doctors and how they apply it in their practice. Undoubtedly, the mathematical fundamentals of hemodynamics are very difficult to understand not only by doctors, but even by mathematicians. Therefore, we have decided to collect in the first section of the present issue all the basic, previously published, mathematical concepts of hemodynamics as a complete collection part, in order to provide our readers with a convenient reference form. We think that this is an absolutely reasonable idea, since our journal always offers a thematic outline philosophy. We can see that it plays an important role in attracting the readers’ attention all over the world.
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