Статьи журнала - Журнал стресс-физиологии и биохимии
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Статья научная
Approximately 30% of country regions are under influence of salt and one of the main important methods for increasing of hectare performance in salt soils, using of resistant plant against with salt such as medicinal annual plant of Purslane (Portulaca oleraceae L.).Studying of the salt stress effect on germination and some physiological parameters in Purslane was carried out in completely random framework and with three replications and under controlled conditions. In this study, salinity was imposed by sodium chloride (NaCl) and in five levels of framework included of Control (distilled water), 50, 100, 150 and 200 Mmol from NaCl. Studied physiological parameters included of proline, sugar, protein, lipid and chlorophyll in Purslane leaves.In relation with observed germination that increasing of salt level, germination rate was reduced that the least germination rate in 200 Mmol and the highest germination was observed in control which in statistical level 0.01 showed meaningful difference. Also, results showed an increasing of leaf proline and sugar that was synchronize with increasing of sodium chloride, this increasing in statistical level of P
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Статья научная
Soil salinity is one of the most important constraints that limit crop production in arid and semi arid regions. Seed germination is a critical stage in the history of plants and salt tolerance during germination is crucial for the establishment of plants that grow in saline soils. research was carried out in order to test the effects of different salinity levels on germination and early growth of lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.). The experiment was carried out using completely randomized design in four replication in 2011 Zabol University laboratory Iran. The results showed that by increasing salinity, percentage and race of germination decreased, So that, in the 150 mM of salinity level, germination reached to minimized (8.33%). Other measured parameters such as plumule length, radicle length, dry and wet weight decreased as well. All the results analyzed by SAS statistical software and comparison of average had done by Duncan test on 5% possible level.
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Статья научная
This study investigates the statistical relationship between climatic variables and aspects of cotton production ( G.barbadense ), and the effects of climatic factors prevailing prior to flowering or subsequent to boll setting on flower and boll production and retention in cotton. Also, the study covers the predicted effects of climatic factors during convenient intervals (in days) on cotton flower and boll production compared with daily observation. Further, cotton flower and boll production as affected by climatic factors and soil moisture status has been considered. Evaporation, sunshine duration, relative humidity, surface soil temperature at 1800 h, and maximum air temperature, are the important climatic factors that significantly affect flower and boll production. The least important variables were found to be surface soil temperature at 0600 h and minimum temperature. The five-day interval was found to be more adequately and sensibly related to yield parameters. Evaporation, minimum humidity and sunshine duration were the most effective climatic factors during preceding and succeeding periods on boll production and retention. There was a negative correlation between flower and boll production and either evaporation or sunshine duration, while that correlation with minimum relative humidity was positive. The soil moisture status showed low and insignificant correlation with flower and boll production. Higher minimum relative humidity, short period of sunshine duration, and low temperatures enhanced flower and boll formation.
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Subcellular Redistribution of Calcium Ions in Zea mays L. Leaves under Hypoxia
Статья научная
Previous studies on the functioning of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt under hypoxic conditions have demonstrated the activation of catalytic activity in enzymes that bypass two reactions of the citric acid cycle. However, the mechanism responsible for transmitting the signal of the onset of hypoxic stress into the cell remains unclear. It is known that calcium ions can act as messengers of intracellular signals. In this study, we analyzed changes in calcium ion content in maize leaves under hypoxia. It was found that under oxygen deficiency, the level of the target cation in the total cellular fraction increases 3,8-fold compared to the control. At 3 hours of incubation, the calcium content in the cytosolic fraction increases slightly, reaching its maximum value by 24 hours. In the mitochondrial fraction of the treated samples, a decrease in the concentration of free calcium was observed, reaching 2,2 times lower than the control. The rise in cytosolic Ca2+ levels, along with the rapid reestablishment of ionic homeostasis, is thought to act as a hypoxic stress signal. The obtained results will expand our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the primary stress response in plant cells to oxygen deficiency in the environment, which may ultimately contribute to the development of more resilient agricultural crops.
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Sugar accumulation and its regulation by jasmonic acid in Brassica napus L. under salt stress
Статья научная
The effects of Jasmonic acid (JA) on sugar accumulation and protein content in 12-days old Brassica napus L. seedlings were studied. The seeds pre-treated with different concentrations of jasmonic acid were germinated in Petriplates supplied with various concentrations of salt stress (NaCl). The contents of total chlorophyll, total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total carbohydrates and total protein content of 12-days old seedlings were analysed. It was observed that JA reduced the toxicity of salt stress on seedling growth by influencing the chlorophyll content and protein content. Pre-treatment of jasmonic acid was found to be significantly effective in increasing the contents of sugars.
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Synergetic action of light and temperature on seed germination of some solanaceae members
Статья научная
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of nine combinations of temperature and light on seeds germination of four solanaceae species ( Datura innoxia, Hyoscyamus muticus, Solanum nigrum and Withania somnifera) in germination chamber. The influence of combined of three alternative temperature regimes from 10 to 40 °C, with 10°C intervals, under three light levels (the continuous white light, alternative and darkness) were tested. The germination parameters as germination percentage, seed vigor index, dormancy, germination speed and germination index, and were measured and calculated. The data reveled some similarities in germination percentage and seedling vigor index among Datura innoxia, Solanum nigrum in one hand and between Hyoscyamus muticus and Withinia somnifera on the other hand, while germination speed and germination index showed some similarities between Datura innoxia, Withinia somnifera and between Hyoscyamus muticus and Solanum nigrum. The optimum condition for the germination of the seeds was varied with species (species-dependent): some species Hyoscyamus muticus and Withinia somnifera germinate easier under combined effects of light and temperature, whereas, Solanum nigrum and Datura innoxia decreased their germination in darkness conditions. The maximal germination was reached in Hyoscyamus muticus follwed by Withania somnifera, Solanum nigrum and Datura innoxia species under wide range of selected combinations. With the exception of Datura innoxia all other species seemed a photoplastic character. No relationship was found between germination percentage and alternating temperature especially in Hyoscyamus muticus and Withania somnifera. Alternating temperature is not the main factor affecting germination percentage. We concluded that the regime of light suppressed the effects alternating temperatures on seed germination of Datura innoxia species. It was concluded that synergized effects of light and alternating temperatures, enhanced seed germination of Hyoscyamus muticus and Solanum nigrum. Thus, the light regime can play a vital role in present and future weed management strategies.
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Статья научная
Suspension cell cultures of Corylus avellana were challenged with salicylic acid and its combined use with dibutyl phthalate solvent. Salicylic acid with concentrations of 12.5, 25 and 50 mg L –1 and 10% (v/v) dibutyl phthalate were used and added on day 8 and 10 of subculture, respectively. The results showed that growth, viability and protein content of cells were decreased by the treatments, compared to control. In all treatments, hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation rate of cells increased, compared to those of the control cells. Activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase increased by salicylic acid and, dibutyl phthalate exaggerated effect of salicylic acid. While flavonoids content decreased by the treatments, paclitaxel content increased significantly. The extracellular paclitaxel was more affected, compared to cell-associated paclitaxel and all treatments increased paclitaxel release and specific yield compared to that of the control. The most production of paclitaxel and specific yield of it were observed under effect of combined use of salicylic acid (50 mg L –1) and dibutyl phthalate, suggesting a synergistic accumulative effect.
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Статья научная
The aim of the study is to carry out green synthesis of carbon nanoparticles and to study its applications in plant fortification and to analyze the bioaccumulation of minerals in the seeds. The synthesis of carbon nanoparticles was by pyrolysis of coconut milk. The average particle size and surface morphology was determined by scanning electron microscope, UV spectroscopy was used to find the optical spectra, Raman spectroscopy was conducted for comparing Raman shift and the crystallite size was calculated by (XRD) analysis. The soil used for cultivation was also analyzed before and after addition of carbon nanoparticles and the changes in pH and amount of minerals and organic matter was studied and showed improved soil characteristics after addition of carbon nanoparticles in a 1:10 ratio. The growth of a monocot and dicot plant species were analyzed as control and test for up to 22 days to study the effect of carbon nanoparticles on physical and chemical parameters of the plant. The results did show a significant rate of increase in root and shoot length of the test plants. Chemical parameters such as concentration of IAA, amount of protein and estimation of chlorophyll was determined by Salkowski test, Lowry’s test and Chlorophyll estimation test respectively which also showed positive results to the addition of carbon nanoparticles. There was also a significant increase in magnesium content in the seeds which proved mineral bioaccumulation in the soil as a result of carbon nanoparticle addition.
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Статья обзорная
Collagen, one of the foremost copious proteins in the human physique, is a versatile natural polymer that is used in various fields of science ranging from biomedicine like tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery to environmental cleansing agents including removal of oil and dyes from polluted water. This protein is very well-known because of its distinctive nature of biocompatibility, biodegradability and bioavailability owing to its composition that consists of proline, glycine and hydroxyproline. Collagen nanoparticles is one of the everlasting applications of this protein as it provides lower toxicity, increases shelf-life of the sample, improved water-binding capacity and ensures controlled and targeted release of the sample. These biologically beneficial properties increase their significance for functioning in biological systems. This review will provide insights on the various methods of collagen extraction and the major sources of this protein. The review also highlights on different types of collagen nanoparticles that can be synthesized and its diverse applications in multiple areas.
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Taurine and/or camel milk mitigates haemolysis and malondialdehyde concentration in Alzheimer rats
Статья научная
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease, affecting all age groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and haemolysis are important oxidative stress biomarkers, implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. The study aimed to evaluate taurine, camel milk (CM) and their combined effects on MDA concentration and haemolysis in AD rats. The animal groupings were; Normal saline (0.2 mL/mg bw); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg); CM (33 mL/kg); Taurine (50 mg/kg); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + CM (33 mL/kg); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + Taurine (50 mg/kg) and AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + CM (33 mL/kg) + Taurine (50 mg/kg). Concentration of MDA and percentage haemolysis were determined for all groups. At 0.5% NaCl, haemolysis in AD rats (64.00 ± 1.27 %) was higher ( p
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Статья научная
An experiment was designed to study the modulatory effects of supplemental taurine on circadian rhythms of heat-associated cytokines in male broiler chickens of different ages under hot-dry conditions. Twenty, 21-day-old Arbor Acre male broiler chickens balanced for weight served as subjects and were assigned ten (10) each to control (Cgp) and treatment (Tgp) groups. The broiler chickens were fed on isonitrogenous and isocaloric commercial diets during the experimental period. Blood samples were collected from the wing veins from 10 chickens in each of the groups at four-hour intervals during a 24-h period on days 28, 35 and 42 of age. Harvested serum from blood samples were analysed for heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1-alpha (IL-1 α). Data obtained were fitted into the single cosinor application. The results showed that HSP70, TNF- α and IL-1α exhibited clear circadian rhythmicity in both groups. Taurine significantly (P function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Статья научная
Treatments of 30-min influences of high (32, 37, 42, 47, 52 °С) and low (0, 17, 22 °С) temperatures on viability of shoots, common activity of peroxidase, content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), intactness and oxidative activity of mitochondria from etiolated maize seedlings have been studied. It has been shown that 17, 32, 37 и 42 °С temperatures cause intensification of peroxidase activity, and 52 °С depresses this enzyme activity and then led to total death of shoots. ROS content in mitochondria increased during the treatment of seedlings with 0, 17, 22, 37 и 42 °С temperatures. All temperature exposures led to decrease of succinate oxidation rates in mitochondria, at that 47 и 52 °С temperatures inhibited mitochondria respiration to an even greater degree. However, if after the action of the temperature 47 °C the phosphorylating activity was maintained in the mitochondria, after 52 °C it was absent and mitochondria had reduced intactness of outer mitochondria membrane. Low temperatures led to uncouple of oxidative phosphorylation and activating of cyanide-resistant respiration. Role of mitochondria in plant response on the temperature stress has been discussed.
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Статья научная
Many orchid species of the temperate climate are threatened and declining without apparent reason. One of the drivers for the decline in orchid populations seems to be increased nitrate levels in soil, which affects the survival of both orchid seeds and mycorrhizal microflora, which normally improves the access of nutrients to orchid plants. When introducing orchids into in vitro culture, inorganic nitrogen sources used in nutrient media can directly inhibit germination, complicating the selection of an appropriate medium for the conservation of rare species. Some nutrient media are completely devoid of nitrates, replacing them with various organic nitrogen sources. Previous studies have shown that nitrates can directly inhibit the germination of sensitive species in vitro, making the selection of a suitable medium challenging in conservation practice for rare orchids. However, whether the inhibitory effect of nitrates on the further development of orchid seedlings is an adaptive trait that reduces post-germination mortality and influences their resilience and tuber formation remains unclear. The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity to nitrates in vitro in seedlings of three species of tuberoid orchids, taking into account the characteristics of their growth under nitrate load and changes in the physiological state of seedlings using histological methods. It was found that elevated nitrate levels did not suppress orchid seedling survival, resulting in the highest rates of necrotic explants in Platanthera bifolia seedlings (44%), as well as in Dactilorhiza incarnata (35%) and D. fuchsii (27%), respectively. On the other hand, the differentiation of root tubers was influenced by an increased level of NO₃⁻ addition (50 mg L-1), which turned out to be the most effective in stimulating the tuberization with a simultaneous decrease in growth parameters and biomass in all studied orchid species. Longitudinal sections revealed numerous air chambers in the tuberoid aerenchyma, along with intense accumulation of starch granules in the vascular tissues. Based on the developmental characteristics of seedlings of three orchid species at elevated nitrate levels in vitro, it can be assumed that the high nitrate ion levels observed in soils of natural populations (130-840 mg Kg -1) may lead to a decrease in the number of germinating seedlings. Research focusing on the effects of nitrates could help create suitable nutrient conditions that mimic natural soil environments, ensuring the survival of rare orchid species outside their natural habitats.
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Статья научная
Under conditions of soil drought characteristic of the Middle Volga regional climate, enhancing the drought resistance of bread wheat Triticum aestivum (L.) represents a priority task. Seed magnetopriming using a short-term, high-intensity pulsed magnetic field is considered a promising method for developing plant resistance to osmotic stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of magnetic pulse seed treatment on the growth processes and drought resistance of bread wheat Triticum aestivum (L.) seedlings under osmotic stress conditions. Wheat seeds were exposed to a pulsed magnetic field at inductions of B=1.4-3.6 Т. The optimal regime was selected at B=2.2 T with the number of pulses ranging from n=1 to n=10, which promoted the stimulation of plant growth during the early stages of ontogeny. This experimentally selected regime of physical exposure was applied to enhance the adaptation of seedlings to osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol-4000 at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. It was established that preliminary magnetic pulse treatment of seeds stimulates root and shoot growth under osmotic stress conditions and contributes to a reduction in the generation rate of superoxide anion radicals in the roots of six-day-old seedlings. The obtained data indicate an increase in plant resistance indices to induced osmotic stress. Consequently, the application of the magnetopriming method via magnetic pulse seed treatment can contribute to mitigating oxidative stress under drought conditions. Further investigations into the mechanisms of plant adaptation to stress will focus on evaluating the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase) and the content of low-molecular-weight antioxidants (phenolic compounds, proline, ascorbic acid, carotenoids).
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Статья научная
This article presents the main results and an overview of the participant reports at the VII All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation "The Resistance of Plants and Microorganisms to Unfavorable Environmental Factors", dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Irkutsk, Listvyanka, July 5–10, 2026). The conference identified current research trends driven by the planet's climate, the microbiological environment, and the physiological state of plants under current conditions. The conference also represented the latest research findings on the mechanisms of physiological and biochemical defense responses and adaptation in plants and microbes, studied using genetic, molecular, physiological, and biochemical methods. Data on the impact of man-made pollution on the physiological processes of plants and microorganisms at the individual and community levels were presented, as well as studies of the mechanisms of plant-microbe interactions. Methods for combating microorganisms using plant-based antimicrobials were proposed. Current regulations and mechanisms for preserving plant genetic resources, methods for replenishing biological collections, collection criteria, and their use for scientific purposes were covered. Works focusing on biotechnology using plants and microorganisms, and the development of methods for culturing them to obtain the substances they produce, which are essential for medicine and other sectors of the economy, were discussed. Based on the discussions and exchange of opinions among the participants, the conference was deemed successful and productive.
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Статья научная
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an evolutionary transcription factor that acts as the most important sensor of various exogenous and endogenous molecules. Recent data indicate that AhR is involved in several physiological processes, such as cell physiology, host defense, proliferation and differentiation of immune cells and detoxification. Moreover, AhR has been reported to be involved in the development and maintenance of several pathological conditions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have been accumulating emphasizing the regulatory role of AhR in skin physiology. However, there is evidence of both beneficial and harmful effects of AHR signaling. Currently, most of the evidence concerns inflammatory skin diseases, in particular atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne and purulent hydradenitis. This review examines the role of AhR in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, the mechanisms of skin homeostasis and the therapeutic significance of its pharmacological modulation in this skin inflammatory disease.
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The ability to self-fertilization as a factor of eurybiontness in freshwater pulmonate mollusks
Статья научная
The reproduction parameters of eurybiontic ( Lymnaea stagnalis ) and stenobiontic ( Stagnicola corvus ) species originating from the reservoirs of Belarus and Russia with the different anthropogenic pollution are determined during experiment with cross-fertilization (CF) and self-fertilization (SF). There are the Chernobyl nuclear accident zone reservoirs, a warm effluent channel of a heat electric power station, the degrading ameliorative channel, the strongly polluted Svisloch River, non-contaminated Naroch Lake and a reservoir in the Angara river floodplain. L. stagnalis from non-contaminated reservoirs is characterized by high fecundity at the reproduction by SF and CF. With increase in the extent of reservoir pollution these parameters in L. stagnalis sharply decreased. S. corvus from the reservoir of the Chernobyl zone didn't breed at all through SF though its fecundity at CF far was rather high. Therefore S. corvus can exist only in reservoirs with rather stable environmental conditions, where their population density doesn't fall below some critical level. At the same time L. stagnalis population even at very low density can be restored by an single survived individual.
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The biochemical analysis and characterization of Strobilanthes ciliatus nees (Bremek): leaf extracts
Статья научная
The present study was aimed to analysis and characterizes the biochemical elements of Strobilanthes ciliatus Nees leaf extract. The healthy leaves of S. ciliatus were collected and the plant extracts were prepared as dried powder. Biochemical analysis was conducted using standard procedures for the leaf extracts. The various analysis and charecterization of S.ciliatus was determined via total chlorophyll content. The results have envisaged that plant extract have significantly with a presence of bio compounds. The present study shows S. ciliatus to be an important medicinal plant, since the leaves showed good biochemical activity. Thus, it may use in the treatment of diseases and may also use in the preparation of natural or herbal drugs due to the presence of biochemical.
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Статья обзорная
Azadirachta indica , also known as Neem is an evergreen tree that is native to the Indian subcontinent. It has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes, including wound healing, fever reduction, and treatment of skin disorders. It has been widely recognized for its various medicinal properties. In this review, A comprehensive overview of the biochemical properties of Neem and its potential benefits are provided. The chemical constituents of Neem including Azadirachtin, Nimbin, and nimbolide, and their biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects are discussed. The potential applications of Neem in medicine, agriculture, and cosmetics are explored. This review highlights the importance of neem as a natural resource with numerous potential benefits for human health and the environment.
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