Статьи журнала - Журнал стресс-физиологии и биохимии
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Статья научная
The aim of the study is to carry out green synthesis of carbon nanoparticles and to study its applications in plant fortification and to analyze the bioaccumulation of minerals in the seeds. The synthesis of carbon nanoparticles was by pyrolysis of coconut milk. The average particle size and surface morphology was determined by scanning electron microscope, UV spectroscopy was used to find the optical spectra, Raman spectroscopy was conducted for comparing Raman shift and the crystallite size was calculated by (XRD) analysis. The soil used for cultivation was also analyzed before and after addition of carbon nanoparticles and the changes in pH and amount of minerals and organic matter was studied and showed improved soil characteristics after addition of carbon nanoparticles in a 1:10 ratio. The growth of a monocot and dicot plant species were analyzed as control and test for up to 22 days to study the effect of carbon nanoparticles on physical and chemical parameters of the plant. The results did show a significant rate of increase in root and shoot length of the test plants. Chemical parameters such as concentration of IAA, amount of protein and estimation of chlorophyll was determined by Salkowski test, Lowry’s test and Chlorophyll estimation test respectively which also showed positive results to the addition of carbon nanoparticles. There was also a significant increase in magnesium content in the seeds which proved mineral bioaccumulation in the soil as a result of carbon nanoparticle addition.
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Статья обзорная
Collagen, one of the foremost copious proteins in the human physique, is a versatile natural polymer that is used in various fields of science ranging from biomedicine like tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery to environmental cleansing agents including removal of oil and dyes from polluted water. This protein is very well-known because of its distinctive nature of biocompatibility, biodegradability and bioavailability owing to its composition that consists of proline, glycine and hydroxyproline. Collagen nanoparticles is one of the everlasting applications of this protein as it provides lower toxicity, increases shelf-life of the sample, improved water-binding capacity and ensures controlled and targeted release of the sample. These biologically beneficial properties increase their significance for functioning in biological systems. This review will provide insights on the various methods of collagen extraction and the major sources of this protein. The review also highlights on different types of collagen nanoparticles that can be synthesized and its diverse applications in multiple areas.
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Taurine and/or camel milk mitigates haemolysis and malondialdehyde concentration in Alzheimer rats
Статья научная
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease, affecting all age groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and haemolysis are important oxidative stress biomarkers, implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. The study aimed to evaluate taurine, camel milk (CM) and their combined effects on MDA concentration and haemolysis in AD rats. The animal groupings were; Normal saline (0.2 mL/mg bw); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg); CM (33 mL/kg); Taurine (50 mg/kg); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + CM (33 mL/kg); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + Taurine (50 mg/kg) and AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + CM (33 mL/kg) + Taurine (50 mg/kg). Concentration of MDA and percentage haemolysis were determined for all groups. At 0.5% NaCl, haemolysis in AD rats (64.00 ± 1.27 %) was higher ( p
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Статья научная
An experiment was designed to study the modulatory effects of supplemental taurine on circadian rhythms of heat-associated cytokines in male broiler chickens of different ages under hot-dry conditions. Twenty, 21-day-old Arbor Acre male broiler chickens balanced for weight served as subjects and were assigned ten (10) each to control (Cgp) and treatment (Tgp) groups. The broiler chickens were fed on isonitrogenous and isocaloric commercial diets during the experimental period. Blood samples were collected from the wing veins from 10 chickens in each of the groups at four-hour intervals during a 24-h period on days 28, 35 and 42 of age. Harvested serum from blood samples were analysed for heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1-alpha (IL-1 α). Data obtained were fitted into the single cosinor application. The results showed that HSP70, TNF- α and IL-1α exhibited clear circadian rhythmicity in both groups. Taurine significantly (P function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Статья научная
Treatments of 30-min influences of high (32, 37, 42, 47, 52 °С) and low (0, 17, 22 °С) temperatures on viability of shoots, common activity of peroxidase, content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), intactness and oxidative activity of mitochondria from etiolated maize seedlings have been studied. It has been shown that 17, 32, 37 и 42 °С temperatures cause intensification of peroxidase activity, and 52 °С depresses this enzyme activity and then led to total death of shoots. ROS content in mitochondria increased during the treatment of seedlings with 0, 17, 22, 37 и 42 °С temperatures. All temperature exposures led to decrease of succinate oxidation rates in mitochondria, at that 47 и 52 °С temperatures inhibited mitochondria respiration to an even greater degree. However, if after the action of the temperature 47 °C the phosphorylating activity was maintained in the mitochondria, after 52 °C it was absent and mitochondria had reduced intactness of outer mitochondria membrane. Low temperatures led to uncouple of oxidative phosphorylation and activating of cyanide-resistant respiration. Role of mitochondria in plant response on the temperature stress has been discussed.
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The ability to self-fertilization as a factor of eurybiontness in freshwater pulmonate mollusks
Статья научная
The reproduction parameters of eurybiontic ( Lymnaea stagnalis ) and stenobiontic ( Stagnicola corvus ) species originating from the reservoirs of Belarus and Russia with the different anthropogenic pollution are determined during experiment with cross-fertilization (CF) and self-fertilization (SF). There are the Chernobyl nuclear accident zone reservoirs, a warm effluent channel of a heat electric power station, the degrading ameliorative channel, the strongly polluted Svisloch River, non-contaminated Naroch Lake and a reservoir in the Angara river floodplain. L. stagnalis from non-contaminated reservoirs is characterized by high fecundity at the reproduction by SF and CF. With increase in the extent of reservoir pollution these parameters in L. stagnalis sharply decreased. S. corvus from the reservoir of the Chernobyl zone didn't breed at all through SF though its fecundity at CF far was rather high. Therefore S. corvus can exist only in reservoirs with rather stable environmental conditions, where their population density doesn't fall below some critical level. At the same time L. stagnalis population even at very low density can be restored by an single survived individual.
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The biochemical analysis and characterization of Strobilanthes ciliatus nees (Bremek): leaf extracts
Статья научная
The present study was aimed to analysis and characterizes the biochemical elements of Strobilanthes ciliatus Nees leaf extract. The healthy leaves of S. ciliatus were collected and the plant extracts were prepared as dried powder. Biochemical analysis was conducted using standard procedures for the leaf extracts. The various analysis and charecterization of S.ciliatus was determined via total chlorophyll content. The results have envisaged that plant extract have significantly with a presence of bio compounds. The present study shows S. ciliatus to be an important medicinal plant, since the leaves showed good biochemical activity. Thus, it may use in the treatment of diseases and may also use in the preparation of natural or herbal drugs due to the presence of biochemical.
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Статья обзорная
Azadirachta indica , also known as Neem is an evergreen tree that is native to the Indian subcontinent. It has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes, including wound healing, fever reduction, and treatment of skin disorders. It has been widely recognized for its various medicinal properties. In this review, A comprehensive overview of the biochemical properties of Neem and its potential benefits are provided. The chemical constituents of Neem including Azadirachtin, Nimbin, and nimbolide, and their biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects are discussed. The potential applications of Neem in medicine, agriculture, and cosmetics are explored. This review highlights the importance of neem as a natural resource with numerous potential benefits for human health and the environment.
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Статья научная
The effect of the bacteria Rhizobium and Pseudomonas on total content of phenolic compounds (PC) and their individual components (apigenin, naringenin, dibutyl-ortho-phthalate, pisatin, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine) in the root exudates of the pea seedlings ( Pisum sativum L. ) at two different growth stages was studied. Bacteria have similar affect on the total number of PC and the number of constituent apigenine, phthalate and pisatine. Difference at the impact of these bacteria on the content of naringenin and N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine was detected, which can be attributed to the peculiarities of the interactions of plants of peas with bacteria-antagonists and mutualists.
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Статья научная
In this study experiment was conducted to evaluated the effect of accelerated aging on germination characteristics, seed reserve utilization and malondialdehyde of two wheat cultivars. The experiment was conducted in factorial with a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Results of variance analysis showed that, seed aging had significant effects on germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage, mean time to germination, malondialdehyde content, seedling dry weight, weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve and electrical conductivity. The highest germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage, seedling dry weight and weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve and the minimum mean time to germination, electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content were attained from Verinak cultivar under control conditions (0 day aging). Results indicates that germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage, seedling dry weight, and weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve decreased significantly as seed aging progressed. But, mean time to germination, electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content increased significantly as seed aging progressed. Also, the decrease in seed reserve mobilization rate was the cause of decreased other traits.
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Статья научная
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of seed priming with osmo and hormone priming on growth and seed reserve utilization of millet seeds under drought stress. Treatments were combinations of 4 levels of drought stress (0, -4, -8 and -12 bar) and 3 levels of seed priming and control with 3 replications. Results showed that with increase in drought stress, germination components such as germination percentage, germination index, mean time to germination, normal seedling percentage, seedling length, seedling dry weight, weight of utilized (mobilized) seed and seed reserve utilization efficiency decreased, but seed priming showed lower reduction. The highest germination characteristics and seed reserve utilization was obtained by priming in control conditions. It is concluded that priming results in improvement in germination components of millet in drought stress conditions.
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Статья научная
Background The common bean plants "Phaseolus vulgaris L." is frequently attacked by the two spotted spider mite (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae, causing a substantial decrease in bean plant growth and yield as well as leaflet structure. Therefore, for commercial bean cultivation in the field controlling TSSM infection is necessary. Results Foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on common bean plants before or after two spotted spider mite infestation proved to be effective in reducing infestations. In most concentrations these elicitors significantly improved common bean plant growth i.e. had a positive effect on plant height, number of branches, shoot dry weight and leaf area per plant and bean yield. SA at 100 mg/l had the strongest positive effect. Moreover, application of elicitors significantly altered leaflet anatomical characters i.e. increased thickness of leaflet blade, thickness of palisade and spongy parenchyma as well as thickness of midrib region of the leaflet and changed the dimension of vascular bundles. Alternatively, TSSM infestation had the opposite effect on these leaflet anatomical characters. Conclusion We conclude that SA or MeJA could be used for controlling TSSM infestation, to improve plant growth and to improve bean yield in the field.
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Статья научная
Maximum germination percentage achieves immediately after harvesting and gradually de#creases with storage time. Aging is one of the key factors in plant yield loss especially in vegetables. Seed aging is the main problem of seed storage. Application of accelerated aging treatment is used to assess seed vigor and quality. Seed priming enhances seed germination performance after aging. An experiment was conduct in order to investigate the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase during accelerated aging and repair during priming treatment of sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) seeds. In order to improve germination characteristics in aged seeds with seed priming. Our result showed that seed priming treatments significantly (p≤ 0.01) affected, germination percentage, germination Index and normal seedling percentage after aging (0, 3 and 6 days). Increasing aging duration resulted higher reduction in germination characteristics. Priming with gibberelic acid (GA) increased germination characteristics of seed aged. The highest germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage and enzyme activity were achieved in control conditions (0 day of aging). Also antioxidant activity of aged seeds increased after seed priming.
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Статья научная
Salinity stress is an abiotic stress which has harmful effects on germination, growth and yield of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in many parts of the world. Seed priming is a way of increasing salt tolerance of plants. In this study, the effect of seed priming on germination and growth of alfalfa seedlings, Bami cultivar, under salinity condition was investigated. According to germination percentage of seeds under In vitro conditions, salicylic acid, Vitamin B12 and distilled water were selected as primes under salinities of 0, 5 and 10 ds.m-2 NaCl solution for further studies. These studies were carried out in a factorial experiment based on Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications in greenhouse under controlled condition (25°C in day/night). Parameters like percentage and rate of germination, dry and fresh weight of seedling and leaf number were measured. Based on our research All of the treatments (priming, salinity and the interaction of priming with salinity) significantly (p2) germination and seedling growth indexes enhanced and also with applying salicylic acid both hypocotyl and radicle lengths improved.
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Статья научная
Seed priming methods have been used to increases germination characteristics under stress conditions. The study aimed was to determine the effect of salicylic acid and gibberellin on seed reserve utilization, germination and enzyme activity of sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) seeds under drought stress. Factorial experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was the seed treatments (unpriming, salicylic acid and gibberellin) and the second factor was drought stress (0, -4, -8 and -12 bar). The results indicated that for these traits: germination percentage, germination index, weight of utilized (mobilized) seed, seed reserve utilization efficiency, seedling dry weight and seed reserve depletion percentage was a significant treatment × drought interaction. Thus priming improved study traits in Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) seeds under drought stress. Also, priming improves enzyme activity as compared to the unprimed seeds.
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Статья научная
The presented research is about the effect of seed treatment with γ-radiation on the development of the maize plant and on the chlorophyll synthesis under salt stress. It has been revealed that separately high doses of radiation and low or high NaCl concentrations inhibit the plant growth as well as chlorophyll synthesis in the leaves, while pre-sowing irradiation of the seeds with a dose of 50 Gy stimulates the growth of the plant and chlorophyll synthesis even at high concentrations of NaCl.
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The effects of aluminum and phosphorous on some of physiological characteristics of Brassica napus
Статья научная
The environmental toxicity of Aluminum causes nervous, lung and kidney disease in human body. Aluminum toxicity depends on different factors and these factors cause penetration of toxic element to environment soil. The acidity of environment and the root of plants cause the lack of tolerance in absorption of nutrients and makes abnormality in the growth of plants. In this study the effect of Aluminum (40 µmol) and different levels of Phosphorous (0, 40, 80, 320 µmol) in one cultivar of Brassica napus were investigated. Results showed in plants that treated with Aluminum, Shoot length, Root length and Chlorophyll a, b content significantly decreased but Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Reduced Sugars content significantly increased. On the other hand, in plants that treated with Phosphorous and Aluminum decreased in growth parameters and Chlorophylls content moderated against plants that treated just with Al and MDA content and reduced sugar content decreased. From these results we suggested that Phosphorous treatment reduced the harmful effect of Aluminum toxicity in this cultivar of canola.
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