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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 8014
Logistic management of urban public transport
Статья научная
Problems of passenger transport, lack of resources, growth and high competition of taxis and taxis on the route, logistics management of public transport, modernization of urban public transport, problems of waiting for passengers and the procedure for setting tariffs for passenger services.
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Статья научная
Rational use of natural resources and preservation of environment in good conditions are the basis of stable state of the ecosystem. Mountain soil erosion is the most common process of degradation. Soil protection from erosion is becoming a global problem in the world, and in Uzbekistan, in particular. Natural conditions of the region create a potential danger of soil erosion. The reason for its manifestation is the misuse of land, non-compliance with necessary requirements for soil protection. In most cases, it is due to the location of homesteads and crops on erosion-prone soils that poorly protect soil from erosion, improper cultivation of soils on arable land, unregulated grazing of pastures, and damage to soil protective plantations.
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Main Directions of Modern Hydrological Research in Azerbaijan
Статья научная
Modern hydrological research in Azerbaijan is primarily focused on the efficient management of water resources. Advanced equipment is being installed for monitoring water bodies, and the network of hydrological stations is expanding. These studies monitor the hydrology of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, assessing both the quantity and quality of water. In recent years, automated hydrological stations equipped with sensors have been put into operation, especially in territories liberated from occupation, where monitoring activities have been restored. These efforts are important for the sustainable management of water resources and the preservation of ecological balance. Overall, hydrological research in Azerbaijan is developing through the application of modern technologies, providing valuable data for water resource planning. In recent years, hydrological research in Azerbaijan has been further developed through the application of modern technologies and is primarily focused on the efficient management of water resources. These studies aim to examine the regimes of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater, assessing both the quantity and quality indicators of water. Hydrological observations are mainly carried out through automated stations in real time, which ensures greater accuracy and efficiency in monitoring and planning water resources. One of the main objectives of hydrological research is to identify climate and water balance changes occurring in different regions of the country and to forecast flood and drought risks in advance. This is of great importance for the population, as well as for sectors such as agriculture, industry, and energy. Additionally, aspects like the base flow of rivers, reservoir water levels, and the management of irrigation systems are also among the key directions of these studies.
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Main Means of Expressing Negation in the Kyrgyz Language
Статья научная
The category of negation in the Kyrgyz language is characterized by the sophistication of its organizational means. This is due to the fact that negation, as in other languages, is an ancient phenomenon in Kyrgyz, and also because it is characteristic of the most fundamental levels of the language - lexis and grammar. Furthermore, the breadth of functions of the studied linguistic category is also linked to the development of means for expressing negation. In the Kyrgyz language, this phenomenon is inherent in almost all significant parts of speech. However, the method of expressing negation differs in each part of speech. Since different parts of speech perform various functions in expressing negation, these means can be divided into two groups - primary and secondary - according to their function. In this article, we will focus on the primary means of organizing the category of negation in the Kyrgyz language.
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Статья научная
The article talks about the characteristics of main parasites of crops, their characteristics. Efforts to control these plant parasites involve integrated pest management strategies, including sustainable crop varieties, cultural practices, biological control, and judicious use of chemical interventions. Continued monitoring and research is critical to developing sustainable solutions to reduce the impact of these pests on global agriculture.
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Main values of wedding traditions and representation of wedding concept by language means
Статья научная
This work is devoted to the linguo-cognitive and linguocultural study of the concept of “wedding”. The concept as a universal category plays a very important role in the culture of every nation; in all languages they reflect not only universal concepts, but also completely different meanings and properties of the objective world, which explains their different manifestations in language. The linguistic picture of the world influences people and forms their linguistic consciousness, and with them their cultural and national identity. The influence of cultural and human factors on the formation and functioning of various linguistic units (lexemes, free and non-free phrases or idioms, and even texts) are culturally marked in the content, which is embodied in national connotations. This study illustrates a comparative study of wedding traditions reflected in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultural linguistics. Marriage, being a universal human “universal” - the only possible form of social life, although extremely variable, has a national specificity. Marriage is a mirror that reflects the social, legal, demographic and cultural aspects of the life of peoples. It shows the complex palette of the social relations system. The relevance of this study is due to a number of factors: the high importance of the linguocultural concept “wedding” for the Russian, English and Kyrgyz cultures; the lack of existing research approaches to the description of the highlighted concept; the need for a detailed and comprehensive study of this concept, which is a fragment of a separate concept sphere. The aim of the research is a linguo-cognitive and linguocultural analysis of the universal concept “wedding”, which is actualized in correlated fragments of Russian, English and Kyrgyz cultures.
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Статья научная
The Malus is a deciduous tree of the Rosaceae family, which is actively used in horticulture. In order to maintain healthy, productive trees and fruits, it is necessary to know what pests and control measures exist. The paper presents a review of modern literature on the means and methods of combating diseases and pests of the apple tree. In conclusion, practical conclusions are given about the most effective methods of struggle.
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Management accounting at road transport enterprises and issues of its improvement
Статья научная
Management accounting, types of road transport services, road transport enterprises, enterprise costs and their types, direct costs and indirect costs, determining the cost of services provided, cost norms in road transport enterprises, cost accounting in national and international financial reporting standards, their general aspects and differentiation is highlighted.
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Management of integrated pests and diseases in greenhouse crops
Статья научная
It emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices and environmentally friendly solutions to ensure long-term success in pest and disease management. By integrating various control methods, growers can create a balanced ecosystem that promotes healthy crop growth and reduces the risk of pest outbreaks. IPM systems offer a valid potential to reduce reliance on conventional pesticides in arable crops by integrating non-chemical tools and diversified crop rotations. The adoption of IPM practices can lead to overall sustainability in crop protection, benefiting the environment and contributing to the health and quality of the crops being produced. However, the final outcome of widespread adoption may not always lead to increased income. The shift in supply resulting from IPM adoption can increase producer surplus, equated with farm income, but there are cases where aggregate income may decrease even with inelastic demand. The microeconomic impact of IPM adoption varies based on crop and location specificity, with some studies showing an increase in farm profits while others find no effect on pesticide expenditures among farmers in different regions. Standardizing IPM costs can be challenging due to varying factors such as the type of treatment, product costs, and technician time involved in the process. Collaboration among farmers is essential for staying ahead of pest challenges and promoting sustainable farming practices that are both environmentally friendly and economically viable. By working together and sharing best practices, farmers can collectively address pest issues in a more coordinated and effective manner, ultimately leading to healthier crops and increased productivity.
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Marketing research at public transport enterprises
Статья научная
This article discusses the strategic goal of the functioning and development of the transport system of Uzbekistan, studied the transport systems of cities with developed public transport in 2022, and, based on marketing research, substantiated recommendations for the development of urban public transport, increasing the number of its users and providing quality services.
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Marketing strategy in the sphere of services of the Republic of Uzbekistan: methodological aspect
Статья научная
This paper reviews the methodological aspects of shaping marketing strategy in service sector. In addition, in order to classify main types of marketing, there has been provided the review of theoretical and empirical literature on the subject. Review has shown that there are vast variety of factors such as social environment, market constraints, people’s behavior, time perspective, managers’ focus, market structure, degree of societies advancement, and etc. which can influence on shaping marketing strategy.
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Mass-charged spectrum nuclear atom Be, B, C, Mg, Al of laser plasma
Статья научная
This article provides data on results of research of mass-charge spectrum nuclear atom of light elements (Be, В, С, Mg, Al) by means of mass-spectrometry laser-ionization regarding radiation parameter of laser and an atomic mass of the target. For registration and study of the spectrum of the nuclei of the investigated elements was used solid-state neodymium laser operating in the monopole mode. The package experimentally obtained mass-charge spectra of nuclei of atoms (also multi-charged ions) of light elements in a broad interval of the power density of laser radiation and the atomic mass of the target. The experimental results are in good agreement with the calculated data.
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Mastitis and its comparative treatment methods
Статья научная
Modern scientific data confirm that mastitis is a major problem in dairy farming in all countries of the world, and its subclinical form, unlike the clinical manifestation, is the most common. In addition, literature data allow us to conclude that mastitis is a polyetiological disease. On the one hand, its occurrence is caused by infectious agents (bacteria, mycoplasmas, fungi), and on the other hand, by the influence of environmental factors that reduce the resistance of the animal organism. The predisposing and accompanying factors for the development of this disease have a great influence. The first includes the body's resistance and the immune status of the animal, the second includes non-compliance with zootechnical, preventive and therapeutic measures, non-compliance with udder hygiene before and after milking, lack of control over the serviceability of milking. Inadequate disinfection of machines, as well as milking systems. Since mastitis remains one of the most common diseases of dairy herds in the world, it can be assumed that the required zootechnical, preventive and therapeutic measures are not fully observed in farms engaged in the breeding of dairy cattle. By strengthening control over the implementation of a number of measures, it is possible to reduce the number of cases of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows. Specific prevention is the most effective method of combating mastitis, but the formation of stable and dense immunity can be achieved only by strict adherence to a certain list of zoohygienic and technological requirements.
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Measurement and analysis of the socio-economic security of the industrial sector
Статья научная
The high rate of formation of sectors of the economy with a low degree of financial and economic dependence or economically independent sectors of the economy in comparison with economically dependent segments is more indicative of the accumulation of the reserve of protection and the movement of the production system to the upper limit of socio-economic security. To clarify the essence of financial and economic dependence and dynamic assessments (“narrowing” and “expanding” security) in relation to the conditions of the “open” economy, it is proposed to perform an auxiliary division of the sectors of the economy on the principle of the directions of foreign economic work - export-oriented and import-dependent. The need for such refinement of dynamic estimates is caused by the growing processes of internationalization of the industrial sector to the level elements of socio-economic security of the industrial sector. At the same time, exogenous moments prevail over endogenous ones at the stage of industrial growth...
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Mechanism for stimulating and effective use of the innovative potential of Uzbekistan
Статья научная
The article examines the complex theoretical and practical aspects of improving the mechanisms of increase of innovative activity of industrial enterprises, the theoretical questions of the innovation economy, in particular, innovative Wednesday in general, in a framework for ensuring the competitiveness of innovative businesses and the development of innovative processes in the knowledge model, in addition analyzed directly mechanisms increasing the innovative activity of industrial enterprises based on various methods and tools.
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Статья научная
The mechanism for implementing the priorities of foreign economic relations (priority investment and trade and other relations) in the chaos and macroeconomic instability is important step and a priority that stands in front of the foreign economic policy of Syria. International economic relations play very important role in economics of countries, and in the world that external links have become a basic and main engine of life in all countries, under these relations is determined by the level of economic development that does not hide the prominent impact on all levels of social, cultural and even political. In the period of the war in Syria significantly the financial reserves of the state and capital flight decreased, which led to high external debt (increased 2.5 times in 2014 compare with 2012) therefore must develop a strategy to reduce dependence on foreign debt and develop a mechanism to attract foreign investment. In period 2004-2012 Syria's foreign trade turnover increased by 3.46 billion U.S dollars or 1.29 times in 2012 amounted to 15.305 billion U.S dollars. But in 2013 it felt to 7.60 billion U.S dollars. Despite the fact that the Syrian government issued law number 8 - 2007 Syria has been too late in the Doing Business report. In 2011, he engaged in 144th place. Compared with 2009. In comparison between the data table before and during the crisis ranking of Syria in the report Doing Business is not much deteriorated from 144th to 147th place. With the exception of 2014, Syria is engaged in 165th place because no wealth of information about how to obtain a building permit, so she automatically deals Last place 189th.
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Mechanisms for the protection of women's rights in Kazakhstan
Статья научная
The scientific article deals with legal mechanisms for the protection of women’s rights with comparative analysis of international and national legislation. Effective legislation in the field of family and domestic violence can significantly improve the situation with the right to life, freedom and personal security. Prevention of domestic violence is an important area for the protection of human rights. The creation of a system for preventing domestic violence will eliminate the causes of inequality and injustice, and ensure an acceptable quality of life. In order to improve the effectiveness of legislation on domestic violence, it should be more clearly oriented to the gender aspect.
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Mechanisms of state support for the medical services market
Статья научная
Uzbekistan pays great attention to creating a market of high-quality medical services. The development of the medical services market and the emergence of demand and supply in the services market depend on the economic development of the country. In recent years, the medical goods market has already formed a certain direction. Anyone active in the economy has direct access to healthcare services. The work analyzed the scope of paid medical services in the country, as well as the support of the private sector in this area. It has been established that by attracting foreign specialists in the field of private medicine, the income derived from work will be exempted from income tax and individual social payments. The organization and management of the medical services market in the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of international standards explains that this area is entering a new level.
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Media ethics in Pakistani perspective
Статья научная
Without any shadow of a doubt, media is playing its top-notch role in imparting information among masses but in what manner is a hanging matter. Thus, the choice for media in presenting something in a good or bad manner stays open at best. This paper, however, elaborates the ethics for media with regard to Pakistani perspective. The paper focuses its attention on Press Ethics. Press ethics imitates the society and the regulations that inclusively form the press system. The ethical standards and the code of conduct media practitioners should actually abide by are the ongoing debates. The role media must play has been given emphasis. At the final stage of this study, meagre discussion of the councils concerning media has also been inserted.
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Medical and Social Assessment of Disability in Congenital Deformities of the Auricle
Статья научная
The article examines medical and social assessment procedures and disability determination in children with congenital deformities of the auricle, including microtia and anotia. These conditions often combine anatomical defects with functional hearing impairment, resulting in complex medical, psychological, and social consequences. The study analyzes the clinical criteria, functional limitations, and social adaptation challenges that may justify disability status within national healthcare and social protection systems. Particular attention is given to the role of hearing loss, communication difficulties, and psychosocial vulnerability in shaping long-term outcomes. The paper discusses the necessity of a comprehensive evaluation approach that integrates clinical diagnostics, audiological assessment, psychological analysis, and socio-economic factors. The findings highlight the importance of individualized assessment models and interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure fair disability determination and effective rehabilitation planning. The study concludes that medical and social expertise in cases of congenital auricular deformities should move beyond purely anatomical evaluation and incorporate functional and quality-of-life indicators to provide balanced and evidence-based decisions.
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