- Все статьи 8087
-
Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 8087
Limits of normal indicators of the amount of formal elements in the blood of 3-month-old rabbits
Статья научная
In our scientific research, several physiologically and biochemically important parameters were studied in the blood of 3-month-old rabbits: glucose hemostasis, pH-indicator and the amount of immune hemoglobin. In this experiment, we obtained interesting facts about hypoxia and physical loads, the initial changes in blood and their dynamics during the joint application of these factors. We considered that in the experimental work carried out in this direction, it is also important to study the quantitative changes of the main morphological (cellular) structures-shaped elements in the blood of 3-month-old rabbits in the above-mentioned experimental models. From the obtained results, it became clear that the physiological necessity of neither leukocytes, nor lymphocytes, nor monocytes to strengthen the body’s immune defense system during such physical loads is almost too weak, this was confirmed in a number of experiments. This is also shown by our research work. However, a number of experimental evidence show that very high motor activity can lead to a more or less increase in the number of platelets in the animal body. Due to the increase of erythrocytes and platelets, hematological parameters such as hematocrit and thrombocrit can also increase. In the latter version of this study, we induced 3-month-old rabbits to perform a 10-min act of treadmill running immediately after 20 min of severe hypoxic exposure. It is very interesting that in the first hours of the experiment, the shape elements of the blood and other morphometric indicators (hemotocrit and thrombocrit levels) were manifested in 3-month-old rabbits only within the limits of changes that occurred when severe hypoxia was applied. Therefore, it can be concluded that hypoxia is the factor affecting blood and its composition in a complex experimental model such as hypoxia + physical load.
Бесплатно
Linguapragmatic analyze of greetings in Persian and Uzbek languages
Статья научная
Communication is an important part of people’s life. The communicating way can be the first reason for both success and failure in further progression or regression. Communicating in a proper and polite way with the people in the different cultural background is becoming one of the most important matters that still lacks researching. Cross-cultural communication happens between two or more people who have different cultural background where the politeness has powerful role. Politeness is the practical application of good manners or etiquette; however, it can vary differently in a different culture, namely, what is considered polite in one culture can sometimes be quite rude or unusual in another cultural context. Studying speech etiquette units deeply in one language and comparing them to a particular language can give a great chance to avoid common and uncommon mistakes, misunderstandings and it let learners classify, realize the phrases, words semantically according to certain criteria...
Бесплатно
Linguapragmatic approach to tourism communication
Статья научная
The article gives an overview of the linguapragmatic approach to tourism communication and analysis of its main components, revealing interconnection between pragmatic linguistics and theory of speech acts. The structure and content of professional intercultural competence is substantiated in the article, which is formed within the linguapragmatic approach to teaching English for professional communication. The article also presents the recommendations on an effective communication for teachers and students based on the analysis of culturally specific behavioral strategies typical of the tourism industry.
Бесплатно
Linguistic activity of Shahtakhtli during the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
Статья научная
The end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries are considered a period of revival of national awakening, self-awareness and the emergence of ideas of independence in the aesthetic and public opinion of Azerbaijan. The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic occupies a special place in the history of state independence of our people. In the Republic of Azerbaijan, special importance is attached to the literary language. Azerbaijani linguistics has an ancient history. Studying the history of this linguistics, determining the role and place of outstanding linguists, enlightened intellectuals who played an important role in its development, is of great importance in terms of writing a complete history of the linguistic thought of our scientific linguistics. The Azerbaijani people, with a rich history and enormous scientific heritage, have produced outstanding public figures. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, one of the greatest linguists of Azerbaijan, who rose to the level of European standards, was the great public figure Muhammad Agha Shakhtakhtli. The prominent prose writer M. Shakhtakhtli tried to implement the ideas of education by publishing journalistic articles in the Russian-language press of the Caucasus, raised with government authorities the importance of educating the people through the media, and preached the need to reform the alphabet. . Studying and working in Europe, in the capital of France, Paris, M. Shakhtakhtli grew up as an outstanding linguist and published numerous articles in the European press about Eastern culture, the development of Azerbaijani education, and the reform of the Arabic alphabet.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
This article examines the linguistic features of parliamentary debates in the Jogorku Kenesh, focusing on the persuasive and conflict strategies employed by Kyrgyz parliamentarians. The study analyzes rhetorical techniques, argumentation patterns, and discursive practices used to influence legislative decision-making and public opinion. Particular attention is paid to how language is strategically utilized to assert dominance, build alliances, and navigate political conflicts within the parliament. The findings highlight the interplay between cultural, social, and political factors in shaping the linguistic dynamics of parliamentary discourse in Kyrgyzstan.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
This article examines the linguapoetic features and mythological motifs in the works of Chingiz Aitmatov. The aim of the study is to systematize key mythological images and analyze the linguapoetic units that contribute to the formation of the author's artistic worldview. The study is based on linguapoetic analysis, comparative interpretation, and lexical frequency observation, which allows us to identify dominant stylistic and semantic patterns in Aitmatov's texts. The results of the study demonstrate that Aitmatov constructs a holistic mythological model that preserves the spatiotemporal worldview of ancient Turkic culture. Central symbolic markers, such as trees, mountains, and rivers, form the basis of spatial organization and influence the narrative structure, characterization, and thematic development of the works. The study identified recurring archetypal motifs, specific linguistic markers, and the functional load of mythological components in the formation of the author's imagery. Particular attention is paid to the identified correlations between symbolic space and the transformation of characters. The reliability of the obtained results is limited by the corpus of selected works and the methodological framework of frequency analysis; however, the consistency of the data ensures a sufficient degree of validity. The results of the study can be used in literary studies, comparative mythology, cultural anthropology, and educational practice. The conclusions emphasize the central role of mythological structures as semantic and compositional dominants in Aitmatov's artistic world and suggest directions for further interdisciplinary analysis.
Бесплатно
Linguistic and culturological analysis of the Kyrgyz speech etiquette of greeting
Статья научная
The article studies various formulae of the Kyrgyz speech etiquette of greeting. Within the scope of this work the lexical and semantic classification of greetings is provided and lingua-culturological comments are given. Greeting speech formulae constitute meaningful components of the speech act, since its fundamental function lies in its phatic function, and initiation of the polite and benevolent behaviour during communication, as well. Speech etiquette may depend on situation and context of the act of communication, such as: participants of communication act (status, gender, age), type of communication (formal/ informal), place and time (highly honored guests; time of a day etc.), theme and goal of communication (friendly relations, happy and unhappy events, etc.). In the Kyrgyz lingua-culture greeting formulas are used in compliance with the norms of etiquette behavior. Moreover, great variety of examples of the Kyrgyz speech etiquette of greetings is studied, which is used depending on situation and other parameters of act of communication. Specific attention is given to description of greetings in the Kyrgyz language that convey national and cultural shade explicitly, which is signified by ways of establishing contact. Lingua culturological analysis of the Kyrgyz speech etiquette of greeting is evidenced by illustrative material taken from classical literary works.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
At present, special attention is paid in the cognitive linguistics to the problem of linguistic units that represent different knowledge structures. Phraseological units, being one of the core linguistic means of verbalization of different knowledge structures, are ought to be analyzed thoroughly. Further to this, idiomatic expressions and proverbs are vital signals in verbalization of cultural values and national specific concepts which leads to the necessity of linguo-cultural analysis of these units. This article is aimed to analyze phraseological units with the fire component in English language according to cultural and cognitive parameters and to identify cultural values and cognitive models that are presented by these expressions.
Бесплатно
Linguocultural analysis of the eye as a symbol in English and Kyrgyz songs
Статья научная
This article presents a linguistic and cultural analysis of the symbolic meaning of the concept "eye" in English and Kyrgyz songs. The study examines cultural features in the perception and use of the eye image in the song discourse of two nations. Particular attention is given to how the eye acts as a symbol of emotions, wisdom, intuition, and social interaction. The research identifies both commonalities and unique elements in the perception of the eye, shaped by the cultural and mental characteristics of English- and Kyrgyz-speaking audiences. This work provides a deeper understanding of cultural values and symbols through a linguistic and cultural analysis of song lyrics.
Бесплатно
Logistic management of environmental safety of passenger transport
Статья научная
Analysis of air samples taken from the dense traffic sections of urban transport of different compositions revealed that the value of NOX, CXHy and CO emitted into the environment by vehicles depend on the traffic flow density and composition. It has been revealed that in those areas of the urban traffic networks where the urban passenger transport prevails in the traffic flow composition, the indicator of traffic-related air pollution is much higher, so the management of the road transport processes by using the logistical arrangements of the traffic flows should be carried out taking into account the environmental safety criteria. The paper dwells on three different levels of management of environmental safety of vehicles as follows: the mega-level of the formation of regional transport; the micro-level of management of passenger routes, and the individual level (driver - vehicle) of traffic management.
Бесплатно
Logistic management of urban public transport
Статья научная
Problems of passenger transport, lack of resources, growth and high competition of taxis and taxis on the route, logistics management of public transport, modernization of urban public transport, problems of waiting for passengers and the procedure for setting tariffs for passenger services.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Rational use of natural resources and preservation of environment in good conditions are the basis of stable state of the ecosystem. Mountain soil erosion is the most common process of degradation. Soil protection from erosion is becoming a global problem in the world, and in Uzbekistan, in particular. Natural conditions of the region create a potential danger of soil erosion. The reason for its manifestation is the misuse of land, non-compliance with necessary requirements for soil protection. In most cases, it is due to the location of homesteads and crops on erosion-prone soils that poorly protect soil from erosion, improper cultivation of soils on arable land, unregulated grazing of pastures, and damage to soil protective plantations.
Бесплатно
Main Directions of Modern Hydrological Research in Azerbaijan
Статья научная
Modern hydrological research in Azerbaijan is primarily focused on the efficient management of water resources. Advanced equipment is being installed for monitoring water bodies, and the network of hydrological stations is expanding. These studies monitor the hydrology of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, assessing both the quantity and quality of water. In recent years, automated hydrological stations equipped with sensors have been put into operation, especially in territories liberated from occupation, where monitoring activities have been restored. These efforts are important for the sustainable management of water resources and the preservation of ecological balance. Overall, hydrological research in Azerbaijan is developing through the application of modern technologies, providing valuable data for water resource planning. In recent years, hydrological research in Azerbaijan has been further developed through the application of modern technologies and is primarily focused on the efficient management of water resources. These studies aim to examine the regimes of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater, assessing both the quantity and quality indicators of water. Hydrological observations are mainly carried out through automated stations in real time, which ensures greater accuracy and efficiency in monitoring and planning water resources. One of the main objectives of hydrological research is to identify climate and water balance changes occurring in different regions of the country and to forecast flood and drought risks in advance. This is of great importance for the population, as well as for sectors such as agriculture, industry, and energy. Additionally, aspects like the base flow of rivers, reservoir water levels, and the management of irrigation systems are also among the key directions of these studies.
Бесплатно
Main Means of Expressing Negation in the Kyrgyz Language
Статья научная
The category of negation in the Kyrgyz language is characterized by the sophistication of its organizational means. This is due to the fact that negation, as in other languages, is an ancient phenomenon in Kyrgyz, and also because it is characteristic of the most fundamental levels of the language - lexis and grammar. Furthermore, the breadth of functions of the studied linguistic category is also linked to the development of means for expressing negation. In the Kyrgyz language, this phenomenon is inherent in almost all significant parts of speech. However, the method of expressing negation differs in each part of speech. Since different parts of speech perform various functions in expressing negation, these means can be divided into two groups - primary and secondary - according to their function. In this article, we will focus on the primary means of organizing the category of negation in the Kyrgyz language.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article talks about the characteristics of main parasites of crops, their characteristics. Efforts to control these plant parasites involve integrated pest management strategies, including sustainable crop varieties, cultural practices, biological control, and judicious use of chemical interventions. Continued monitoring and research is critical to developing sustainable solutions to reduce the impact of these pests on global agriculture.
Бесплатно
Main values of wedding traditions and representation of wedding concept by language means
Статья научная
This work is devoted to the linguo-cognitive and linguocultural study of the concept of “wedding”. The concept as a universal category plays a very important role in the culture of every nation; in all languages they reflect not only universal concepts, but also completely different meanings and properties of the objective world, which explains their different manifestations in language. The linguistic picture of the world influences people and forms their linguistic consciousness, and with them their cultural and national identity. The influence of cultural and human factors on the formation and functioning of various linguistic units (lexemes, free and non-free phrases or idioms, and even texts) are culturally marked in the content, which is embodied in national connotations. This study illustrates a comparative study of wedding traditions reflected in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultural linguistics. Marriage, being a universal human “universal” - the only possible form of social life, although extremely variable, has a national specificity. Marriage is a mirror that reflects the social, legal, demographic and cultural aspects of the life of peoples. It shows the complex palette of the social relations system. The relevance of this study is due to a number of factors: the high importance of the linguocultural concept “wedding” for the Russian, English and Kyrgyz cultures; the lack of existing research approaches to the description of the highlighted concept; the need for a detailed and comprehensive study of this concept, which is a fragment of a separate concept sphere. The aim of the research is a linguo-cognitive and linguocultural analysis of the universal concept “wedding”, which is actualized in correlated fragments of Russian, English and Kyrgyz cultures.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The Malus is a deciduous tree of the Rosaceae family, which is actively used in horticulture. In order to maintain healthy, productive trees and fruits, it is necessary to know what pests and control measures exist. The paper presents a review of modern literature on the means and methods of combating diseases and pests of the apple tree. In conclusion, practical conclusions are given about the most effective methods of struggle.
Бесплатно
Management accounting at road transport enterprises and issues of its improvement
Статья научная
Management accounting, types of road transport services, road transport enterprises, enterprise costs and their types, direct costs and indirect costs, determining the cost of services provided, cost norms in road transport enterprises, cost accounting in national and international financial reporting standards, their general aspects and differentiation is highlighted.
Бесплатно
Management of integrated pests and diseases in greenhouse crops
Статья научная
It emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices and environmentally friendly solutions to ensure long-term success in pest and disease management. By integrating various control methods, growers can create a balanced ecosystem that promotes healthy crop growth and reduces the risk of pest outbreaks. IPM systems offer a valid potential to reduce reliance on conventional pesticides in arable crops by integrating non-chemical tools and diversified crop rotations. The adoption of IPM practices can lead to overall sustainability in crop protection, benefiting the environment and contributing to the health and quality of the crops being produced. However, the final outcome of widespread adoption may not always lead to increased income. The shift in supply resulting from IPM adoption can increase producer surplus, equated with farm income, but there are cases where aggregate income may decrease even with inelastic demand. The microeconomic impact of IPM adoption varies based on crop and location specificity, with some studies showing an increase in farm profits while others find no effect on pesticide expenditures among farmers in different regions. Standardizing IPM costs can be challenging due to varying factors such as the type of treatment, product costs, and technician time involved in the process. Collaboration among farmers is essential for staying ahead of pest challenges and promoting sustainable farming practices that are both environmentally friendly and economically viable. By working together and sharing best practices, farmers can collectively address pest issues in a more coordinated and effective manner, ultimately leading to healthier crops and increased productivity.
Бесплатно
Marketing research at public transport enterprises
Статья научная
This article discusses the strategic goal of the functioning and development of the transport system of Uzbekistan, studied the transport systems of cities with developed public transport in 2022, and, based on marketing research, substantiated recommendations for the development of urban public transport, increasing the number of its users and providing quality services.
Бесплатно
