Original research. Рубрика в журнале - Cardiometry
Glaucoma diagnosis based on colour and spatial features using Kernel SVM
Статья научная
The main aim of the paper is to develop an early detection system for glaucoma classification using the fundus images. By reviewing the various glaucoma image classification schemes, suitable features and supervised approaches are identified. An automated Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system is developed for glaucoma based on soft computing techniques. It consists of three stages. The Region Of Interest (ROI) is selected in the first stage that comprises of Optic Disc (OD) region only. It is selected automatically based on the on the green channel’s highest intensity. In the second stage, features such as colour and Local Binary patterns (LBP) are extracted. In the final stage, classification of fundus image is achieved by employing supervised learning of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for classifying the fundus images into either normal or glaucomatous. The evaluation of the CAD system on four public databases; ORIGA, RIM-ONE, DRISHTI-GS, and HRF show that LBP gives promising results than the conventional colour features.
Бесплатно
Group travel influencing work-life balance of millennials: the study of IT companies in Pune
Статья научная
Work-life balance (WLB) is a subject of primary concern for every organization. This paper attempted to delineate the influence of group travel on the WLB of millennials working in the IT companies in Pune. The study of group travel was compared to individual journeys. Four factors of group travel: escapism, refreshment, bonding, gain a new perspective; we’re used to establish a relationship between group travel and work-life balance. Data were collected from 214 millennials employed in IT companies in Pune using an online survey. Multiple regressions analysis has affirmed that group travel has a positive and significant influence on the work-life balance of the millennials. The findings of this study would contribute to crucial contributors such as the company to modify the policies regarding travel vacation for the employees and acts as marketing inputs to outside stakeholders like travel agencies, hotels, and hospitality businesses.
Бесплатно
Harnessing the power of ML and NLP for decision making in education sector from social media data
Статья научная
The active social media users across the globe have passed the 3.8 billion mark. Platforms like Facebook, Reddit, Instagram, Twitter, and more are an ocean full of opinions and views. With over 500 million tweets being generated daily, this enormous volume of data can offer very prominent insights and allow organizations and businesses to make strategic decisions. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the landscape of learning and education dramatically. With a sudden deviation from the classroom in many parts of the world, some wonder if the adoption of online learning will continue with the outbreak of the post-epidemic epidemic and how such a change could affect the global education market. The crux of the problem is how we need to analyze vast amounts of data efficiently. We chose to employ advanced ML and NLP techniques to analyze the sentiment of the masses on digital learning and important extracting demographic information from them. In this paper, we will make an effort to understand the orientation of the academicians towards the recent online education adoption. We will collect the data from the tweets using the trending tags of COVID-19 and Online classes.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Aims Up to the present, ECGs have been classified on the basis of the analysis of the ECG curve shape. But this made impossible to classify many ECG shapes. The most promising methods for the classification must evaluate each of the 10 cardiac cycle phases both by their functions and hemodynamic parameters. The aim hereof is to develop the new classification principles for all possible ECG shape variations. Materials and methods The heart cycle phase analysis method is used to calculate the hemodynamic parameters in each of 10 phases, like the phase-related blood volumes and the level of contraction of the corresponding cardiovascular musculature determining its function dynamics in the cardiac cycle phase structure related to the compensation mechanism for maintaining normal hemodynamics. Results An ECG phase changes periodic table consisting of 10 groups of the actual ECG curves typical for the corresponding pathologies is proposed. Each group contains 4 levels of characteristic phase changes. Conclusion The ECG phase changes periodic table is the first attempt to classify the great variety of the ECG shapes. In this case the proposed system requires further investigations. It has been demonstrated that the theoretical concept of the table is in compliance with practice. Further it is planned to improve characteristics of every group and every level.
Бесплатно
Histopathological analyses of breast cancer using deep learning
Статья научная
Deep Learning hosts a plethora of variants and models in Convolution Neural Networks (CNN), where the prudence of these methods is algorithmically proven when implemented with sturdy datasets. Much number of haphazard structures and textures are found in the histopathological images of breast cancer, where dealing with such multicolor and multi-structure components in the images is a challenging task. Working with such data in wet labs proves clinically consistent results, but added with the computational models will improvise them empirically. In this paper, we proposed a model to diagnose breast cancer using raw images of breast cancer with different resolutions, irrespective of the structures and textures. The floating image is mapped with the healthy reference image and examined using different statistics such as cross correlations and phase correlations. Experiments are carried out with the aim of establishing the optimal performance on histopathological images. The model attained satisfactory results and are proved good for decision making in cancer diagnosis.
Бесплатно
Identification of non-HLA antibodies in ventricular assist device recipients
Статья научная
Aims Recipients of ventricular assist devices (VADR) have a higher incidence to develop antibodies (Abs) against human leukocyte antigens (HLA). Non-HLA antibodies like major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) and autoantibodies against angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and endothelin receptor A (ETAR) are also implicated in the pathogenesis of acute rejection and allograft vasculopathy. We monitored non-HLA- and HLA-Abs in VADR up to one year after implantation. Materials and methods Sera of 56 VADR (54.1±12.8 years old, 50 men) were analyzed for Abs against HLA-, MICA-, AT1R- and ETAR several times over one year after implantation using ELISA and Luminex xMAP technology. Blood transfusions, gender and age were reviewed. Results Sera of 56 VADR (54.1±12.8 years old, 50 men) were analyzed for Abs against HLA-, MICA-, AT1R- and ETAR several times over one year after implantation using ELISA and Luminex xMAP technology. Blood transfusions, gender and age were reviewed. Conclusion Beside HLA- and MICA-Abs, VADR showed high titres of Abs against AT1R or ETAR, which underlines the necessity for monitoring non-HLA antibodies in VADR prior heart transplantation.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The goals of this prospective observational study were to identify quantitative morphological factors that might aid in the prediction of PBMV outcome, as well as to define the function of 3D TEE in mitral valve evaluation. Material and Methods: The trial comprised seventy individuals who had isolated severe rheumatic Mitral Stenosis (MS) who were scheduled for PBMV between October 2017 and March 2021. Trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) was used for pre-procedural evaluation. Posterior to Anterior Leaflet Length Ratio (P/ALLR), Commissural Area Ratio (CAR), Doming Height (DH), and Calcification Score (Ca score) were also assessed using 2D and 3D-Trans-esophageal Echocardiography (TEE). Following that, all patients were monitored for three months. Results: We have had 50(71.5%) successful procedures and 20(28.5%) unsuccessful procedures. The additional parameters showed highly significant difference between successful and un-successful groups (P-value 0.6 and >0.55 by 2-D and 3-D TEE respectively, CAR ≤ 1.28 and ≤ 1.25 by 2-D and 3-D TEE respectively, DH > 1.2 cm by 2-D TEE, and Ca Score ≤ 2. Conclusion: In our research, we discovered that these characteristics may predict the result of PBMV and contribute value to the semi-quantitative methodologies we adopted to use.
Бесплатно
Impact of inclusiveness on organizational commitment among employees of IT industry
Статья научная
Organizations continue to be challenged by diversity in their workforce. Hence it becomes imperative to nurture an inclusive workplace where all employees can co-exist and thrive. The primary objective of the current study is to examine the relationship between different constructs of inclusiveness and the organizational commitment of employees. Their search for the study is based on the data collected from multiple IT organizations across major cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, and Pune) of India. A structured questionnaire was distributed. Multiple regression analysis was applied on the primary data obtained from 160 respondents to interpret the impact on the organizational commitment by different constructs of inclusiveness. The results from the study reveal that different constructs of inclusiveness (supervisor role, relationship with co-workers, and organizational practices) have a significant effect on the organizational commitment of an employee. The study highlights the importance of creating a sense of acceptance among employees of an organization through inclusive work culture, which ultimately enhances the commitment level of employees towards their organization.
Бесплатно
Impact on student behavior due to COVID-19 lockdown in India
Статья научная
This paper aims to comprehend the change & impact on students’ behavior during the COVID-19 Lockdown in India. The research is conducted by surveying to assess the different behavioral changes due to the COVID-19 spread. Novel coronavirus pandemic started from Wuhan, China, on 31/12/19. It spread across the globe affecting 1,00 000 people within the span of two to three months. People across the globe were affected not just in terms of physical health but also mental & psychological health, resulting in major changes in their behavior. The digital questionnaire assessed the status of pupils’ mental and psychical nature while the COVID-19 lockdown was on. The questions were framed to answer how students felt about the pandemic and how it has affected their day-today life. The results of the survey revealed the measure of the anxiety level of the students. The survey results are analyzed on SPSS, and Pearson Coefficient is the method used for statistical analysis. The survey results revealed that 74.2% of the respondents favored cleaning their hands more often due to the COCID-19 pandemic. In the same way, an overwhelming number of student respondents have become aware that wearing masks is crucial to prevent the spread, and 95.9% of student respondents have favored wearing masks if they decide to step outside of their house. Student respondents are more worried about the possibility that their family members will catch the COVID-19 virus than the concern of themselves catching the virus. The student respondents showed clear signs of worry and unpredictability due to the COVID-19 spread. More than have 37.6% have responded that they are in a constant state of worry during the lockdown. The paper states varied responses from the students on the anxiety levels and that they have been experiencing high anxiety levels during the lockdown. The measurement and correlation between emotional & preventive behavior can provide viable options to reduce the outbreak and further control it.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The aim of our research work was to study the level of sex steroids in blood, the tumor and the perifocal zone in rats of both sexes with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of hypothyroidism. Materials and methods. The experiment was performed in 110 outbred rats of both sexes. Hypothyroidism was induced in animals for 30 days with Mercazolil medication, and then Guerin’s carcinoma was transplanted (the main group). The reference groups included animals with an independent growth of Guerin’s carcinoma and with independent hypothyroidism, as well as intact animals (the norm). On the 18th day of the tumor growth, the animals were sacrificed, and, using standard RIA kits, in the serum, the tumor homogenates and the perifocal zone, the levels of estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and progesterone (P4) were determined. Results. In comparison with intact animals, hypothyroidism caused an increase in the blood content of E2 in animals of both sexes by 2.2-2.4 times and T by 1.4-16 times, and P4 by 1.7 times only in females, but recorded was a decrease therein in males by 2.4 times. The growth of Guerin’s carcinoma resulted in a 2.5-5.5-fold decrease in E2 in blood of the animals of both sexes, an increase in T by 2.1 times and P4 by 3 times in the females, but a decrease in T by 2.6 times without changing P4 in the males. In the main group, in the animals of both sexes, similarly to the processes in hypothyroidism, the level of E2 and P4 increased by 1.4-1.6 times, and in females also T by 4.4 times, compared with the intact animals. Conclusion. Hypothyroidism and the growth of Guerin’s carcinoma changed E2 in different directions in animals of both sexes the level of sex hormones in blood and shifted the steroid balance in the tumor and its perifocal zone. In the females of the main group, the saturation of the tumor with estrogens, androgens and progesterone decreased, while in the males, on the contrary, the concentration of steroids increased.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The task of the article is to assess the effect made by an industrial climbing safety system used by an industrial climber, performing his work to provide a harness-based suspended access at low ambient temperatures, on his physiological parameters. The article presents some studies on changes recorded in body surface temperatures, pulse rates, and blood pressure value in an industrial climber depending on the duration of his performance using a harness-based suspended access under ambient air low temperature conditions. The tests have been carried out for various types of thermal protection of the human hip area and the width of the belts of the safety system. The scientific novelty of the study is that it is the first time when such a study has been conducted for a combination of industrial factors, like prolonged suspended condition due to the utilization of the climbing safety system and a low ambient temperature. As a result, it has been found that the physiological parameters are influenced by the width of the safety belts of the safety equipment system and the method of the temperature protection of the hip zone in a climber.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
To study the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of the main antioxidant protection enzyme: superoxide dismutase (SOD) in heart tissues and tumors in rats of both genders with Guerin's carcinoma (GC) and the tumor growth against the background of diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods. Our research work was carried out in 80 outbread albino male and female rats, divided into 4 groups, with 10 animals of each gender in a group. The animals of two groups, namely, an intact animal group and a group of rats treated with alloxan DM (with a 5-fold increase in glucose levels) were subcutaneously transplanted with the Guerin's carcinoma (GC) strain cells, and at the same time we used one group of the intact rats and another group of the animals with DM as the references. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugates (DC), and the SOD activity in the heart and the tumor tissues were determined by conventional spectrophotometric methods. Results. The most pronounced changes were found in the heart in the female rats with isolated GC and GC growing against the background of DM: a more than threefold increase in MDA, with a significant increase in DC and a multiple increase in the SOD activity as compared with the intact animals. In the GC tissue, the dependence of the severity of the increase in the MDA content on the size of the tumor was traced: the maximum increase in both parameters was observed in males with GC tumor growing against the background of DM. In the males, the volume of the subcutaneous tumor nodes was 1.8 times greater than that in the reference group and in the females with combined pathology, while in the females with combined pathology the volume of their tumors was 1.3 times less than that in the reference group, although the area of tumor lesions in them was maximum due to extensive metastasizing. Conclusion. DM has changed the specifics of oncogenesis depending on the gender of the animals. The identified gender differences in the redox status of the heart and the tumor in rats with combined pathology contribute to specifics of oncogenesis in males and females and determines their life expectancy.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The aim is to study the content of prekallikrein, kallikreins 1 and 14 (KLK-1 and KLK-14) in mice under the conditions of activation and inhibition of the B16/F10 inoculated melanoma growth. Materials and methods We produced a model of chronic neurogenic pain (CNP, bilateral ligation of sciatic nerves) and a model of the B16/F10 melanoma growth against the background of CNP using female/male mice of the C57BL/6 line (with normal genome, n=75) and the C57BL/6-Plautm1.1bugthisplaughfdhu/GFDhu line (with urokinase knockout (uPA), n=46). The ELISA method was used to determine the content of prekallikrein, KLK1 and KLK14 in the tumor and skin after 3 weeks of carcinogenesis against the background of CNP. Results The initially high content of prekallikrein, KLK-1 and KLK-14 in the skin of intact knockout mice was found. When inhibiting the growth and metastasis of melanoma in the skin of the knockout females, noted was a further increase in the initially high level of prekallikrein and KLK1, and in the tumor in the knockout mice of both genders recorded was a lower content of all the studied enzymes. When activating the growth of melanoma in the state of CNP in the skin of C57BL/6 mice, the level of KLK1 (female) decreased and the concentration of KLK14 (female and male) increased; in the knockout mice the content of prekallikrein and KLK14 decreased, and KLK1 changed multidirectionally. The tumor demonstrated a lower prekallikrein level in all C57BL/6mice and multidirectional changes in KLK1 and KLK14 in females and males. The tumor in the knockout animals showed a lower content of all the studied enzymes, especially pronounced for KLK14. Conclusion The content of prekallikrein, KLK1 and KLK14 varies under activating and inhibiting the growth of melanoma, the changes are of the gender-specific type. It is probable that the functions of the studied enzymes in the skin change not only in case of CNP, but also in case of urokinase deficiency. The tumor itself adapts the performance of the kallikrein-kinin system depending on the metabolic features of the tumor-bearing organism.
Бесплатно
Inhalation health risk assessment of some of heavy metals for kerosene samples in Iraq market
Статья научная
In this study, five heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu, and Cd) concentrations were measured in samples of kerosene (locally only) that collected from different of warehouses oils in Iraq. The measurements have been done using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Non-cancer risks such as the chronic daily inhalation intake (CDIinh), a Hazard Quotient (HQ), and Haz-ard Index (HI) as well as Cancer Risks (CR) due to inhalation of heavy metals in the kerosene samples were calculated. The results show that, the average values of concentrations in unit ppm (mg/kg) belonging to Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu, and Cd in kerosene samples were 8.14±1.74, 0.127±0.025, 0.017±0.007, 0.15±0.064, and 0.360±0.022, respectively. While, the average value of Haz-ard Index (HI) due to all heave metals in the present work was 0.721± 0.16. Also, the average value of Total Cancer Risk (TCR) due to Cd and Pb were 1.12E-03±4.4E-04. When comparing the results of inhalation health risk, the present work with Worldwide average, we found that the most samples of kerosene samples are safe for using.
Бесплатно
Innovative technologies for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervix
Статья научная
The problem of pathological conditions of the cervix attracts great attention of doctors of many specialties, which is due to the ambiguity of the prognosis of this pathology. The detection of gynecological pathology, including cervical pathology, depends on the use of screening diagnostic methods, improvement of preventive and therapeutic measures carried out in an outpatient setting. In modern medical practice diseases of the cervix uteri occupy a leading position due to the high the frequency of their occurrence, frequent transformation into precancerous conditions, which in turn can be the cause of cervical cancer. Today, both in world practice and in Uzbekistan in the structure of oncological diseases of the genital organs in women cervical cancer is the second most common disease, causing high mortality of patients.
Бесплатно
Interaction between the mother and the fetus in the aspect of immunology
Статья научная
The article deals with the interaction between the mother and the fetus in the aspect of immunology. The immunological problems which the maternal immune system may encounter in pregnancy and their potential negative effects on the fetal health are also of interest to us. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the features of the interaction between the fetus and the mother, which will allow assessing the prospects for future research in the field of the interaction between the maternal and fetal immune systems for more effective prevention and treatment of immunological problems in pregnancy.
Бесплатно
Interdisciplinary educational approaches in healthcare organizations
Статья научная
Background: Healthcare professionals’ perception of Interdisciplinary Education is an essential factor that affects their acceptance of this approach to education. From the literature related to patient safety, it has been identified widely that healthcare team communication and performance are critical to providing safe care to the patient. Poor organization and team dynamics among healthcare professionals appear to impact the safety and quality of patient care. The lack of Interdisciplinary Education in healthcare institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia negatively impacts the work dynamics of the healthcare team. Results: The study results showed that the majority of health care workers showed a high awareness level for IPE. Therefore, female nurses who have been working in special units and have experience of more than five years are perceived more than other specialties. Also, health workers in special units showed a higher percentage than in the general wards, and females were ready more than males. Only one item helped to determine the differences in perception which is the “perceived need for cooperation”. Conclusions: IPC should be initiated by universities than by health organizations starting at the level of leaders of medicine, nursing, and other disciplines who should be aware of the importance of IPC that would benefit patients as well as health institutions. Leaders must take IPC cooperation seriously by putting it into consideration in the vision of departments and thus starting to establish small-cooperated teams, which include various specialties.
Бесплатно
Intermittent hypoxia as a method of training and treatment
Отчет
For centuries, the scientific community has been aware of the cellular importance of oxygen, which converts food into energy and is transported to the tissues by red blood cells. It is known that oxygen gives life and life energy and takes them away.Training with intermittent hypoxia, interval hypoxic training (IHT) is one of the most promising additional non-drug therapies that activate the natural defences of the human body and provide the body with a high degree of adaptation.
Бесплатно
Intracellular electrophysiological evidence: how pain is experienced by neurons
Статья научная
Aims. The aim hereof is to identify changes in the performance of the CNS neurons under the prolonged action of low-threshold pain factor according to indicators of the membrane potential level, parameters of the action potential and the pattern of the firing activity distribution of the neurons. Materials and methods. As a model, functionally active neurons of the central nervous system in the grape snail Helix pomatia were selected as an integral part of the organism in vivo. Used has been the author’s original electrophysiological method of continuous recording of intracellular biopotentials of animal neurons both under the background conditions and by applying a long-term low-threshold action (LTA) to the main nerves due to a graded pressure to produce a pain effect of the subthreshold level that over time turns into increasing pain. Results. For the first time in world science, objective evidence for the long-term low-intensity action of pain on the electrophysiological characteristics in a CNS neuron has been obtained. Revealed are the changes in the amplitude and the action potential firing rate, the membrane potential level and the pattern of the neuron pulse activity, traced continuously, up to full neuron potential turning-off. It has been detected that, when removing the pain factor, there are some points of return to the norm available, and, in case of longevity of the pain action, the functional state of the neuron passes the point of no return, after which the neuron electrophysiological potentials reach zero value, indicating the cessation of its life. Conclusions. The dynamics of the neuron functional state in vivo, under prolonged action of the pain factor, reflects nonlinear changes in the membrane potential, firing rate and amplitude of AP. This characterizes the phase process of forming a pathologically stable pain state of the neuron, despite the readiness of the membrane mechanisms at the transition points to a response aimed at returning to life. The evidence obtained in our experiments provides more insight into the mechanisms of chronic neurogenic pain in experimental and clinical medicine, as well as the diagnostics of the brain death.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
True experimental research study was conducted at Haemodialysis’ Unit at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital among End stage Kidney disorder patients receiving haemodialysis to determine the efficiency of ROM exercise on muscle cramps, using purposive sampling technique 12 patients for control group and 12 from experimental were selected for the study based on inclusion criteria .The experimental group were received intradialytic ROM exercise and determined the Muscle cramps by using PENNS SPASM SCALE the findings were In pretest as well as in post test, there is no major linking of experiment and control group except severity. Pre test calculated value for severity, interference and frequency c2=0.17 p=0.67, c2=0.68p=0.41, c2=0.22 p=0.90 respectively. The calculated post test value for severity was c2=4.19 p=0.05 found to be significant. Association between the demographic variables with experimental group shows the Monthly income and supportive system was having the relationship among muscle spasm and chosen demographic variables.
Бесплатно
