Original research. Рубрика в журнале - Cardiometry
Modern therapeutic approaches to rehabilitation of patients after neurosurgical intervention
Статья научная
The article discusses modern therapeutic approaches to the rehabilitation of patients after neurosurgical intervention. The authors note that neurosurgery patients, even after successful operations, may have certain complications that significantly reduce the quality of life of patients. In addition, the specif-ics of rehabilitation of patients who have undergone various neurosurgical operations are of a special nature also for the reason that it is often called upon to restore the most important functions of the body - motor, speech, etc. Accordingly, special attention should be paid to therapeutic procedures aimed at restoring the health of patients who have undergone neuro-surgical surgery. In modern conditions, the most important trend in this direction has become the use of non-traditional methods of rehabilita-tion, as well as achievements in the field of information technol-ogy and artificial intelligence. Practice shows that the success of innovations is undeniable, since they not only allow achieving the necessary effect here and now, but also allow, if necessary, prolonged support for the patient at the end of the active reha-bilitation period, creating comfortable living conditions for him and allowing him to actively participate in society
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To study the effect of comorbid pathology: obesity of degree 2-3 on the level of sex steroid hormones and their receptors in the tumor and its surrounding tissue in patients with endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and methods. In 30 patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma T1-3N0-1M0 (the main group, 15 females with obesity grade 2-3 (BMI≥35); the reference group 15 females with normal BMI) in samples of the tumor and its perifocal zone taken after surgical treatment, the levels of estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), testosterone (T), progesterone (P4), androgen receptors (AR), progesterone receptors (RP4), estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) were determined by ELISA method. Statistical analysis was performed with STATISTICA 10.0. Results. Obese EC patients showed longer healing of postoperative wounds, slow recovery, and more frequent tumor metastasizing to regional lymph nodes. In the tumor samples in all patients, compared with the intact endometrium, the levels of estrogens, testosterone and their receptors were higher. Obesity accompanying the malignant process led to a local increase in the levels of estrogens, testosterone, progesterone and AR, ERα and ERβ in the tumor. In the tumor samples, there were no significant differences from the presence of obesity in the levels of RP4. In the perifocal zone of the tumor in patients with comorbid pathology, compared with the parameters in the reference group, the level of E2, P4 and T was also higher, but the content of all steroid receptors was lower. Conclusion. Obesity aggravates hyperestrogenism and progesterone deficiency in adenocarcinoma and increases its enrichment with the androgen and estrogen receptors with the prevalence of ERα over ERβ that may cause the autocrine-paracrine regulation of the growth and metastasizing of the malignant process in patients with endometrial cancer.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is rod-shaped with Gram-negative pathogens. It causes disease in humans and animals. P. aeruginosa interferes with the burn cure rates and can lead to increased death among the patients. The current study aims to detect pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates using the classical biochemical methods and polymerase chain reaction technique after isolating pseudomonas aeruginosa from burns cases in Baghdad-Iraq. A sterile swab takes Fifty samples randomly from Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and Kadhemia Hospital. All samples were inoculated on rich media and then submitted to staining by gram stain and the biochemical tests (lactose fermenter, oxidase, and catalase….). The positive samples for biochemical tests are submitted to the PCR test for confirmation diagnosis. All the data related to age and gender are recorded to determine the epidemiological aspects. The findings demonstrate that the percentage of p. aeruginosa in burn cases using biochemical testing was 17/50 (34%), and the percentage of p. aeruginosa isolates from burn samples using the PCR technique was 13/17 (76.4%). In addition, the percentage of P. aeruginosa isolates using PCR in the males was 8/13 (61.5%), while the percentage of p. aeruginosa isolates using PCR in the females was 5/13 (38.4%). The infection percentage in the age groups (1-10), (11-20), (21-30), (31-40), and (41-50) years were (7.6%), (7.6%), (7.6%), (30.7%), and (46.1%), respectively. The conclusion is that PCR is an accurate method for detecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is occurring higher in burn males than in burn females. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection occurs more in the elderly than in young children.
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Статья научная
Aims The aim of the present paper is to study the morphofunctional changes in the tumor tissue and peripheral zone in experimental animals under the influence of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR). Combined effect of EHF EMR and ultra-low-frequency magnetic field (ULF MF) without the use of special anti-tumor agents is to be studied as well. Materials and methods The experiments have been performed on 56 outbred male rats with inoculated sarcoma 45. Low intensity EHF EMR and ULF MF exposures have been carried out only on animals’ heads. Histological and morphometric study of the sarcoma 45 tumor tissue and its peripheral area has been performed. Results In case of the combined electromagnetic exposure (in 65 % of cases) against the background of the sTable anti-stressor adaptation reactions an evident anti-tumor effect has been observed. Under effective combined electromagnetic action, lymphocyte infiltration of the tumor tissue and its peripheral zone was enhanced not only in comparison with the reference group, but also compared to the EHF EMR monoexposure. Conclusions Thus, significant enhancement of the tumor tissue infiltration by leukocyte cells under the combined effect of EHF EMR and ULF MF may indicate mobilization of the local immune mechanisms due to the activation of the neuroendocrine and immune system organs.
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Morphological and anatomical study of the new plant collection phytofrufol
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For the first time, the morphological and anatomical features of the herbal preparation "Phytofrufol", developed on the basis of medicinal plants growing in the conditions of Uzbekistan, were studied. The results obtained will allow identification of the studied collection, provide the possibility of developing regulatory documents and introducing this herbal collection into medical practice as a new diuretic drug.
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Morphometry of the internal structures of the graylag goose (Anser anser) heart
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As a result of our research, it was found that the heart of the graylag goose Anser anser is a hollow muscular organ weighing 28.950±0.08 g in females (relative 0.73%), 29.091±0.09 (0.69%) in males, with a length: ♀ 51.55±0.07 mm, ♂ 52.66±0.08; it is oval, slightly elongated. Auricular appendices are oval, slightly elongated, in size: the right one with a length ♀14.98±0.05 mm, ♂ 15.57±0.06; with a width ♀ 21.99±0.0 mm, ♂ 22.23±0.05; their wall thickness data are as follows: ♀ 0.47±0.05 mm, ♂ 0.49±0.06; left - ♀ 12.27±0.05 mm, ♂ 12.98±0.06; ♀ 14.89±0.07 mm, ♂ 15.04±0.08; ♀ 0.71±0.03, ♂ 0.78±0.02 mm, respectively; the convex base. The pectineus muscles are located in the walls of the auricular appendices. From the interatrial crest, four to eight pectineal muscles extend, which are connected by smaller muscles, thereby forming a finely looped network. The left ventricle is ♀ 40.97±0.09 mm long, ♂ 41.05±0.08; with a width ♀ 14.89±0.09, ♂ 14.98±0.09; wall thickness ♀ 8.29±0.05, ♂ 8.35±0.07. It contains a tricuspid valve, which has three cusps: septal, caudal, lateral. The right ventricle is ♀ 31.39±0.05 mm long, ♂ 31.49±0.05; with a width ♀ 6.29±0.03, ♂ 6.39±0.05; wall thickness ♀ 2.89±0.03, ♂ 2.91±0.04, has a crescent-shaped atrioventricular opening. The valve length is ♀ 19.17±0.04 mm, ♂ 21.17±0.05 mm.
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Статья научная
The object of the study is the hearts of four young reproductive females of the Amur leopard cat, a rare mammal representative of the cat family. The animal is untamed and lives only in the wild. The material was selected during the autopsy according to generally accepted methods. The age of the studied individuals of the Amur leopard cat was determined taking into account the data; the internal structure features of the heart were studied. Earlier, we described the morphometric parameters of different age groups male hearts. The heart of the studied individuals is slender, ellipsoid in shape; the myoendocardial formations of the atria have a well-defined ridge-like structure. The walls of the ventricles are characterized by pronounced trabeculation. The papillary and trabecular complex includes: trabeculae carneae of varying intensity, depending on the localization on the wall; septomarginal trabeculae that have their own distinctive features in the right and left ventricles; main and additional papillary muscles. The septomarginal trabeculae of the right ventricle have a pronounced muscular structure; the corresponding formations of the left ventricle are thin, tendon-like, significantly exceeding the first in length. The most pronounced papillary muscles are localized in the left ventricle. Papillary muscles of the right ventricle are expressed slightly, with the exception of the parietal muscles
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Nature and structure of thoracoabdominal injuries
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This article presents the incidence, nature and structure of thoracoabdominal injuries in two major districts of the Andijan region. The results of diagnostics, tactics of treatment, and also an estimation of severity of a condition of patients with thoracoabdominal traumas are resulted. An analysis of mortality is presented.
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Neurogenic hyperprolactinemia is a rather rare clinical form of hyperprolactinemia, therefore, this pathology may escape the attention of clinicians. At the same time, a high level of prolactin in blood can result in severe metabolic disorders, infertility, decreased bone tissue density, obesity, increased insulin resistance, and poor lipid metabolism. If the disease is not diagnosed in time, it will lead not only to the significantly decreased health and life quality level, but can also contribute to the increased risk of breast cancer formation. The main reason for the development of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia can be various pathological processes in chest, spinal cord and mammary glands. The neurogenic mechanism is triggered by the activation of afferent impulses going to the posterior sections of the spinal cord. The main diagnostic tactics is the exclusion of the most common causes of hyperprolactinemia, identification of the pathological process in the thoracic region, and detection of high prolactin level in the blood serum. Taking the pathogenetic mechanism into account, the treatment of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia consists in eliminating the pathological focus and prescribing dopamine agonists. The purpose of this article is to define the main clinical features associated with the diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia.
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Aim The aim of this paper is to discover some advantages and benefits of the complex treatment of patients with malignant gliomas of the brain with the use of electromagnetic field therapy. Materials and methods Our examination focused on patients suffering from malignant gliomas of the brain. One cohort of them (the reference group covering 30 patients) received surgery and chemoradiotherapy (CHRT) without electromagnetic field exposure of the brain, while the other group (the main test group which included 30 individuals) was subjected to the same therapy, but accompanied by the electromagnetic field treatment of the brain. Varying and permanent magnetic field exposure sessions were carried out from day 1 till day 20 in the context of the complex therapy. All in all, every patient received 4 courses of the systemic chemotherapy, with an interruption of 4 weeks, in combination with exposures to electromagnetic field applied to the brain area. An assessment of efficacy of the adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was performed upon expiration of 12-14 days from the date of the last injection of chemotherapy drugs according to applicable WHO recommendations for standardizing in assessment of treatment outcomes...
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Aims Problems of validation and verification are very critical in medicine. The absence of adequate models describing biophysical processes in the organism leads to using only practical evidence for these purposes that hinders innovations. But advances in medicine require new effective ways to solve these problems. Cardiometry as a new field in cardiology offers a new philosophy of validation and verification based on the classical proof theory borrowed from natural sciences. The aim hereof is to provide a new methodology for validation and verification for cardiovascular diagnostics. Materials and methods Axiomatic concepts based on new laws and rules allow applying direct and indirect methods of proof for validation and verification in medicine. Results The formulated laws of cardiometry provide reliable tools for verification of the correspondence between the cardiac signals and the real biophysical processes in the cardiovascular system. Conclusion The proposed methodology for verification of the correspondence between the ECG shapes and the relevant biophysical processes has been successfully developed exclusively as a result of creation of the comprehensive theory of cardiac cycle phase analysis being the basis of cardiometry...
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The article presents experimental results indicating the high efficiency of using in instrumental cognitive science some sand patterns on light tablets, created by respondents as illustrations of their problems, and possible ways to solve them. It is shown that the creation of such stimuli is less laborintensive compared to the use of other types of multimodal game modeling for the same purposes, and it is noted that this procedure causes less resistance by respondents to the upcoming instrumental diagnostics and may well serve as an operational means for conducting largescale studies of cognitive processes, during which the subjects will have to set semantic priorities and make vital decisions.
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Aims Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) accounts for major morbidity and mortality late in the heart transplant (HTx) history. The role of antibodies (Abs) directed against human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and non-HLA antigens in the pathogenesis of CAV are still under investigation. Materials and methods Sera of 116 long-term HTx recipients with CAV (n=46) and without CAV (n=70) were analysed by (1) Luminex for Abs against both HLA classes and major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA), and by (2) ELISA for Abs against angiotensin-type-1-receptor (AT1R) or endothelin-receptor-A (ETAR). Cellular rejection by endomyocardial biopsies and immunosuppressive drug therapy were analysed, too. Results HTx recipients developed higher levels of non-HLA-Abs than of Abs against HLA. CAV appeared more frequently in recipients with non-HLA-Abs (38.3% AT1R; 44.1% ETAR; 13.0% MICA) than in recipients with HLA-Abs (8.7% HLA class I; 8.7% HLA class II). Recipients with non-HLA-Abs developed CAV earlier (73.7±47.4months) than recipients without Abs (85.5±50.6months). Conclusion Occurrence of HLA-Abs and non-HLA-Abs contribute to CAV after HTx. Non-HLA-Abs were connected to an earlier and higher incidence of CAV. Recipients with subclinical cellular rejections and AT1R-Abs and ETAR-Abs as well as recipients with certain donor specific-Abs again HLA and MICA specifities are at risk to develop CAV.
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Optical properties for (polystyrene-zinc oxide) nanocomposite for optoelectronic application
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It was essential to investigate the features of overlapping nanocomposites because of the significance they have in the fields of science, industry, electricity, and medicine. As a result, it garnered a lot of attention and led a lot of scientists and researchers in the direction of studying the features of nanocomposite. Investigations have been conducted into the fabrication of (polystyrene (PS)-zinc oxide (ZnO)) nanocomposites and the examination of the optical characteristics of these nanocomposites for use in optoelectronic applications. Various concentrations for PS polymer & ZnO NPs were used in the fabrication of the nanocomposites using the solution casting process. The results of the experiments performed on (PS-ZnO) nanocomposites appear that each of the absorbance (A), absorption coefficient (α), extinction coefficient (K), refractive index (n), real and imaginary dielectric constants (εr & εi ), and optical conductivity (σopt) of polystyrene increase by increasing ZnO NPs concentrations. On other hand, the transmittance (T) and energy gap (Eg) decrease by increasing ZnO NPs concentrations. Nanocomposites made of zinc oxide have a high absorption in the ultraviolet spectrum.
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The article is an in-depth analysis of modern approaches to pain management in pediatrics, focused on the role of the anesthesiologist and pediatrician in providing optimal therapy. As part of this study, the authors highlight various aspects of pain management, ranging from pharmacological methods to non-pharmacological techniques such as psychological support and procedural pain relief. Special attention is paid to an individual approach to each patient, taking into account his age, physiological characteristics, as well as chronic diseases or features of pathologies. The authors analyze and compare existing standards and recommendations in the field of pain relief for children, discuss their applicability and effectiveness in a practical context. Practical tips and strategies for anesthesiologists and pediatricians aimed at optimizing the processes of anesthesia and improving the quality of medical care provided to children are presented. The problems faced by specialists in the field of anesthesia in children are also considered, and also suggests ways to overcome them through the development of innovative methods and techniques of anesthesia.
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Aims A shortcoming common to all existing designs of mechanical cardiac valve prostheses is an increased trombogenicity caused, among other factors, by the lack of hydrodynamic compatibility between the luminal part of the prosthesis and the patterned blood flow. The aim of the study is to design and test our new mechanical aortic valve prosthesis to exclude life-long anticoagulation treatment. Materials and methods Standard hydrodynamic tests of the new prosthetic valve have been carried out for comparing with the other existing valve designs. A new method for the heart valve prosthesis testing in a tornado-like flow has been developed. The valve function has been verified in a swine excluding the anticoagulation treatment during the period of time exceeding six months. Results The significant advantage of the new prosthesis in the standard hydrodynamic tests has been demonstrated. The tests in the tornado-like flow have shown that only this prosthesis allows maintaining the pattern, the head and flow rate characteristics of the tornado-like jet...
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Part ii: old mathematics for the novel applied problems of cardiometry
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Aims This paper describes a novel approach to the analysis of electrocardiographic data based on the consideration of the repetitive P, Q, R, S, T sequences as cyclic codes. In Part I we introduce a principle similar to the syndrome decoding using the control numbers, which allows correcting the noise combinations. Materials and methods We propose to apply the burst-error-correcting algorithms for automatic detection of the ECG artifacts and the functional abnormalities, including those compared to the reference model. Our approach is compared to the symbolic dynamics methods in cardiology practice. During the automated search of the code components (i.e. point values and spectral ranges one-to-one corresponding to P, Q, R, S, T) considered in Part II, the authors apply the Lomb-Scargle periodogram method with the phase control which allows to determine the code components not only from the main harmonics, but also using the sidebands, avoiding the phase errors. Results The results of the method testing on rats with the heart failure using a simplified telemetric recording from the implantable chips are given in Part III...
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Aim Our aim was to study pathogenetically significant markers of sclerosing of hemangiomas in infants upon their exposure to optical radiation in the infrared region of the spectrum by analyzing thermog-raphy and morphology examination results. Materials and methods The basis for the thermographic study was our observation for 200 patients (birth to age 1), who re-ceived the hemangioma treatment in 2014-2016. We investigated thermograms of each vascular tumor in infants both before and after the treatment conducted with the use of the infrared themog-raphy (IRT) method. An IRT session was carried out upon a calm, quiet staying of an undressed in-fant in a room at an ambient temperature of 22°С and humidity of 0,009-0,012 kg/m3. To record heat fields in correspondence with the actual heat state of the tumor areas under studies, we used our thermo-vision device RADUGA-6 manufactured by AOMZ. The IRT data were compared with those obtained in ultrasound examinations. Diagnostic indicators of sclerosing, upon testing blood serum specimens, taken from 5 practically healthy and 25 hemangioma-affected children, were ana-lyzed with the use of the cuneiform dehydration technique...
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Pathogenetic substantiation for anti-tumor effectiveness of experimental electromagnetic therapy
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Aim The objectives to be pursued by our studies are to assess some effects made by experimental actions of ultra-low frequencies electromagnetic field (ULF EMF) in combination with the SCENAR therapy on morphological changes in lung tissues and the regulation structures considering tumor growth dynamics. Materials and methods We investigated sex hormone and prolactin concentrations in 156 male rates of outbred strains in the tumor growth dynamics in tissues of the lungs and the hypophysis, and we also studied morphological changes in the lung tissue. All animals were divided into two groups: the reference group, covering the rodents not affected by any exposures, and the experimental group of the rats, who were subjected to ULF EMF exposure in combination with the SCENAR therapy. Both therapeutic exposures were applied upon expiration of 1 week after tumor cell inoculation in a lung. Results The applied combination of the experimental therapy, involving the central and local electromagnetic actions, has resulted in the reliably established prolongation of life spans in tumor-bearing animals as well as in the negative dynamics in tumor growing; it has produced effects both on the hormonal homeostasis subsystems: the hypophisis and the lung tissue affected by the cancer tumor...
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In order to reveal the functional interrelationships of the main physiological characteristics of the organism with the external environment exogenous abiotic factors, as well as the evaluation of the magnetic field factor effect on the morphofunctional status main characteristics, 18 healthy men aged 25-49 years old, residents of the North-East of Russia (Magadan) were examined. Parameters of the cardiovascular system, external respiration and gas exchange, as well as heart rate variability were studied. Environmental factors, such as air temperature, wind speed, air humidity, atmospheric pressure and K-index were separately analyzed. Identified were different types of responses by human organisms to the influence of environmental abiotic factors, depending on the initial vegetative tone of the examinees. Thus, the individual profile of the subject with a sympathotonic type of autonomic regulation was characterized by a pronounced dynamics of the studied indicators in response to the influence of environmental factors...
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