Original research. Рубрика в журнале - Cardiometry
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Unilateral ovariectomy (UOE) of female rats caused an increase in duration of the non-reproductive period (NRP) - metestrus and diestrus phases, and shortening of the reproductive period (RP) - proestrus and estrus phases of the estrous cycle (a symptom of hormonal deficiency). Signs of stress persisted 5 weeks after UOE: reduction of the ratio of thymus weight to the weight of adrenal glands (T/A). A two-week course of the succinate-containing composition with added B vitamins (SCCV) administered to the control female rats and those upon UOE has increased the T/A ratio as compared to that of intact animals, which is an indication of “activation” according to Garkavi et al. [1] and restored the NRP/RP ratio. Cytobiochemical analysis found a significant increase in nitroblue tetrazolium reduction during succinate oxidation in lymphocytes according to reading of animal blood smears.
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Aims. This paper describes a novel approach to the analysis of electrocardiographic data based on the consideration of the repetitive P, Q, R, S, T sequences as cyclic codes. In Part I we introduce a principle similar to the syndrome decoding using the control numbers, which allows correcting the noise combinations. Materials and methods. We propose to apply the burst-error-correcting algorithms for automatic detection of the ECG artifacts and the functional abnormalities, including those compared to the reference model. Our approach is compared to the symbolic dynamics methods. During the automated search of the code components (i.e. point values and spectral ranges one-to-one corresponding to P, Q, R, S, T) considered in Part II, the authors apply the Lomb-Scargle periodogram method with the phase control which allows to determine the code components not only from the main harmonics, but also using the sidebands, avoiding the phase errors. Results. The results of the method testing on rats with the heart failure using a simplified telemetric recording from the implantable chips are given in Part III...
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Background: Global left ventricular (LV) myocardial work effi-ciency (GLVMWE); the ratio of constructive to wasted work in all LV segments, reflects the efficiency by which mechanical energy is expended during the cardiac cycle. Global LV myocardial work efficiency (GLVMWE) can be derived from LV pressure-strain loop analysis incorporating both noninvasively estimated blood pressure recordings and echocardiographic strain data.
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Acute myocardial infarction causes a great number of mortality and morbidity each year. Risk assessment and prognosis is one of the initial steps in approaching a patient with acute myocardial infarction. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and red cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR) are two indices that have been studied recently and their prognostic and risk assessment role is reported in various studies. In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between NLR and RPR with ST segment resolution (STR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Materials and methods This is a cohort study with 2 months of follow up and a total of 211 patients with acute myocardial infarction were enrolled in the study. An electrocardiogram and venous blood sample was taken from all included patient and the results were recorded in a questionnaire. All patients underwent primary coronary intervention and another electrocardiogram was retrieved within 90 minute after primary angioplasty. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16. Results Our results showed that the mean age of participants was 61.15±12.68 years. Among 211 patients, 181 (85.8%) were male and 30 (14.2%) were female. The mean RPR, NLR and SRT in the studied patients was 1.01±0.21, 4.07±3.31 and 0.418±0.32 respectively. There was a significant correlation between NLR and RPR with STR along with two month complications in studied patients. Conclusion According to our results, NLR and RPR can be used for risk assessment and prognosis and short term complications of myocardial infarction in patients undergoing primary coronary intervention.
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Counselling to promote self-esteem -pilot analysis
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Alcohol is not able to control the drinking habit due to both physical and emotional dependence on alcohol. Counseling aims to address the underlying causes of alcoholism. Alcohol is classified as a ‘brain disease’. Counseling services are therefore an important factor in recovering from addiction and promoting self-esteem. Self-esteemis a reflection of human understanding and a sense of human worth. Counseling is a method that helps to use a problem-solving process to promote self-esteem. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of counseling, promote self-esteem, and link self-esteem with demographic variability. Post-counseling study methodology after counseling, in the Study group, 8.33% of alcohol dependents had a low score, 50% alcohol dependence had a moderate level of the score and 41.67% was a high score. Among the control group, 41.67% of alcohol dependents had a low score, 58.33% received a moderate level and none of them achieved a high score. Therefore, counseling provides professional support, advice, and recommended addiction services.
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Depression: a predictor of coronary heart disease in Saudi Arabia
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Aims and Objectives: This research study mainly deals to evaluate the effect of depression in coronary heart disease patients. Background: Depression is one of the common comorbidity among patients presented with acute coronary syndrome or those with major cardiovascular event. Depression has been independently associated or lead to acute cardiac events in patients. Method: The study was conducted from three months followed-up patients with recent diagnosed coronary heart disease and they getting treatment from cardiac centres “Armed Forces Hospitals. Depression was evaluated by using 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale and the cardiac outcome was assessed clinically by echo parameters and cardiac biomarkers such as C-reactive Protein. The data were analysis by SPSS version 23. Results: In this study 83 patients were part of this research. The patients had been picked up from range 18-65 year in which mostly patients were male (75%) than female (25%). Among 83 coronary heart disease patients 29.5% were suffering from depression while 19.5% were on severity. The deterioration factor was significantly influence by depression and smoking. Conclusion: Depression has a great impact on deterioration of the cardiac outcomes. It can serve as a predictive variable for future cardiological morbidity and mortality.
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Detection MEC a gene and susceptibity some various antibiotic of Staphlococcus aureus
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Through the study conducted in Najaf Governorate, bacterial samples were collected from different places. We notice during the study that the results were divided into two parts. The first was that the antibiotic Vancomycin had the highest rate of sensi-tivity to most of the bacterial samples, and this can be explained as follows. The bacterial isolates do not possess resistance genes or phenotypic factors that are highly effective against this antibi-otic. Therefore, the effect of the antibiotic was significant on most of the bacterial isolates. At the same time, some bacterial isolates showed resistance to the antibiotic Vancomycin. This can be ex-plained by the fact that these isolates possessed resistance genes or Phenotypic factors are resistant to this antibiotic, so resistance has been shown in some bacterial isolates. As for the second section, we note that the bacterial isolates had a very high rate of resistance to all other types of anti-biotics. This can be explained by the fact that these bacterial isolates possessed resistance genes, virulence factors, or both, which made them significantly more resistant to this antibiotic... and through review. Based on other research at the level of Iraq, as well as other countries, we notice that Staphylococcus au-reus bacteria is constantly evolving in resistance to antibiotics. We also note that the places where samples are collected have a role in resistance and sensitivity to antibiotics
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At present, there are some scattered evidence data pertaining to the use of an adaptive technique of radiotherapy in treatment of malignant glial tumors of the brain. Our evidence data obtained in MRI in the course of treatment show that the initial treatment plan may become irrelevant due to some changes observed in the tumor configuration. In its turn, it bears witness to the topicality of developing and introducing adaptive methods and techniques in the brain tumor treatment, which are capable to increase efficacy and tolerability in patients with primary malignant tumors of the brain. Aim. Our aim has been to develop an adaptive stereotactic method of radiotherapy in treatment of primary malignant brain tumors, which shall be capable to increase efficacy and tolerability of radiation therapy as well as reduce radiation dose to normal structures in the brain. Materials and methods. Our method has been elaborated with recruiting a group of 10 patients diagnosed with primary glioblastoma G IV, which have received specialized treatment at the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology at the Ministry of Health, the Russian Federation, in the period 2021-2022. The average age of the above patients is 43,4 years. All patients have undergone microsurgery covering the total resection of the tumor (3 patients) and subtotal removal of the malignant tumor (7 patients). The average time interval between the surgery and radiotherapy is 32,5 days. Before treatment, an intravenous contrast enhancement MRI of the brain with an axial pitch of 1 mm has been conducted employing the contrast T1, contrast-free T1 and T2 FLAIR modes. Planning of radiotherapy for this sort of patients has been carried out employing BrainLab Elements и Varian Medical Systems Eclipse. The CTV was defined as a 2,0 cm margin around GTV with an anatomical correction. The CTV-to-PTV margin was 0,1 cm. Doses have been administered as follows: a single dose of 2 Gy up to a total dose of 60 Gy in 30 fractions. The brain has been MRI-scanned in all patients with the use of intravenously introduced contrast agents with an axial pitch of 1 mm employing enhanced contrast/contrast-free T1 sequences and T2 FLAIR to redefine the radiotherapy targets (GTV, CTV, PTV). At fraction 30 we have completed MRI in order to estimate the treatment outcome. In the average, the radiotherapy course has taken 42-45 days, holidays included. For the purpose of the radiation therapy, used have been the Novalis Tx Varian Tx linear accelerator of kinetic energy of the beam of 6 MeV. Results We have developed our own adaptive stereotactic method of radiotherapy to treat the primary malignant glial tumors in the brain, which is capable of tracing the configuration of the post-surgery cavity, the residual tumor and the brain structures in the course of radiotherapy and adapting the therapy plan thereto that makes possible to reduce tissue volumes exposed to radiation due to a decrease in the tumoral and peritumoral volumes of the tumor and post-operative cavity. Conclusion. Our analysis has shown that in the course of radiotherapy some anatomical changes in the tumor configuration are found. An adaptive approach applied to radiation therapy allows monitoring the above changing volumes and correcting the treatment plan.
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Development of an experimental model of tumor growth under hypothyroidism
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Aim. Our aim has been to develop an experimental model of the tumor growth against the background of hypothyroidism in rats of both genders in order to study possible influence made by hypothyroidism on progression of malignant tumors of various histological types. Materials and methods. In our studies we have used 100 outbred albino rats of both genders, with an individual body mass of 150-180 g. The female rats (n=30) and the male rats (n=30) have received Mercazolil at a day dosage of 2,5 mg/100g of the body weight for 30 days. After hypothyroidism in the treated rodents had been confirmed, one group of them (15 females and 15 males) were subcutaneously inoculated with the Guerin's carcinoma cells, and another group (covering other 15 females and other 15 males) has been undergone to transplantation of the Sarcoma 45 cells. The reference group has included the rats of both genders with subcutaneously inoculated the Guerin's carcinoma cells (n=10 females and n=10 males) and Sarcoma 45 cells (n=10 females and n=10 males), but without reproduction of the hypothyroidism model. Upon expiration of one month, within the 3 day period, we have estimated with a radioisotope analysis (RIA) standard assay kits (Immunotech, Czekh Republic) the levels of the thyroid hormones in blood of the tested animals as follows: Triiodothyronine (T3) (pM/L), total Thyroxine (T4) (pM/L) and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormon (TSH) (μU/mL). The obtained data have been processed with Statistica 10.0. Results. Upon the treatment with Mercazolil, we have found in the females a decrease by a factor of 7,3 in the total level of Thyroxine and an increase by a factor 1,6 in the TSH level (p function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Development of the basilar artery system in the human embryonic period
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The doctrine of the origin and development of cerebral arteries in the embryonic period of man in the XIX - XXI centuries was formed by I. Tandler (1899, 1902), H. Evans (1911), G.L. Streeter (1908, 1918), G.D. Aronovich (1939), D.N. Padget (1947 - 1972), N.V. Popova-Latkina (1954 - 1975), Y.N. Shapovalov (1963), A.G. Knorre (1967), I. Stanek (1977), B. Carlson (1983), A.V. Gorbunov (1998 - 2022), etc. To date, we have shown that basilar arteries are detected in embryos at 7 weeks of intrauterine development, posterior cerebral arteries with plexiform branching - at 8 weeks of intrauterine life, and persistent trigeminal arteries continue to be detected in prenatal embryos at 8-9 weeks of human prenatal ontogenesis. In prenatal embryos 7-8-9 weeks of prenatal ontogenesis, the basilar artery system provides the needs of the human intrauterine brain.
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Aims: to study the features of the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) regulation in male rats at the stages of liver metastasizing. Materials and methods. Our research work was performed in 30 outbred male rats. Metastases in the liver were produced by implantation of sarcoma 45 (S45) cells into the spleen, which was previously positioned under the skin. The time spans of the study are 5 weeks (the pre-metastatic stage) and 7 weeks (the metastatic stage) after tumor cell transplantation. In the tissues, the content of the following hormones was determined by RIA: luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), total testosterone (Ttot), progesterone (P4); by ELISA we determined the content of the following hormones: gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), free testosterone (Tfr) and estrone (E1). Results. At all stages of the study, the level of GnRH in the hypothalamus decreased by more than 2.0 times; in the pituitary gland, the hormone levels had multidirectional dynamics: LH decreased by 1.6 times, and FSH increased by more than 6.0 times. Liver metastases were characterized by high levels of E1 and Ttot. In the gonads, a high level of P4 was recorded and concentrations of both forms of testosterone were reduced. The concentrations of E2 (by 1.6 times), Tfr (by 4.8 times) increased in blood, and the level of Ttot decreased (by 1.9 times). The salient features of HPGA in the presence of two metastasis sites (liver and lungs) were as follows: in blood, a 2.0 times lower increase in the LH and Tfr contents, a 1.6 times greater increase in E2, an increase in P4 (2.6 times), 1, 4 times lower level of FSH; in the gonads, there are found lower levels of P4, E1, but higher levels of Tfr and Ttot; in liver metastases, a greater increase in P4 (5.2 times), E1 (2.2 times) and Tfr (2.0 times) is recorded. Conclusion. Metastasizing to the liver was accompanied by activation of HPGA with the maximum accumulation of reactogenic E1 in liver metastases in rats with two metastasis sites that may indicate their more severe malignancy and ability to metastasize to the lungs.
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Aims: to study the content of regulatory peptides in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, as well as sex steroids in the gonads in rats of both sexes with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of hypothyroidism. Materials and methods. Our experiment was performed in white outbred rats of both sexes with induced hypothyroidism, against the background of which Guerin’s carcinoma was transplanted. In 1% homogenates of the pituitary and the hypothalamus and in 10% homogenates of the gonads in the animals from the main and reference groups, the levels of GnRH (Casabio, China) were determined by the ELISA method using standard kits, and the content of LH, FSH, estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and progesterone (P4) by the RIA method (Immunotech, Czech Republic). Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software package. Results. In females of the main group, the level of GnRH in the hypothalamus increased by 1.6 times, but the content of LH and FSH in the pituitary gland decreased, while in males the content of GnRH decreased by 1.4 times and FSH by 1.6 times compared with the intact animals. In the gonads of females of the main group, the content of E2 and T decreased by 1.3 times, but the level of P4 increased by 4.7 times, while in males the T production decreased by 7.1 times. Hypothyroidism, against the background of which Guerin’s carcinoma developed, had a significant effect both on the central links of the HPG axis and the peripheral ones, producing an additional hormonal imbalance in sex steroids
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Aims The aim hereof is to study the cardiovascular system disorders in the early post-castration period in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer and a possibility of correction of such disorders with the low-dose xenon therapy
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E-learning in formal education under forced conditions using SDT and tam
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This study aims to understand the students’ attitude towards e-learning under the forced environment of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study gives a fresh insight into e-learning, considering the lack of comprehensive research on the influencing variables that impact the user acceptance of e-learning by learners in the Indian Universities during COVID-19 pandemic. The rational model has been constituted based on the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to study the effective influence of Autonomy, Relatedness & Competency on the construct of TAM. The result showed significant relations of the self-determination variables with perceived ease of use & perceived usefulness, which further helps us establish a relationship between intrinsic & extrinsic factors of SDT framework with attitude and satisfaction level of Indian University students towards e-learning. This study will assist in bridging the gap between the understanding of organizations and actual factors impacting students’ learning process during the pandemic of COVID-19.
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ECG as a quest for extracting new data: non-invasive measurement of acid-alkaline parameters
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Aims A cardiac muscle performance assessment in terms of acid-alkaline balance has never been carried out before. The studies show it is possible to evaluate indirectly aerobic, anaerobic and phosphocreatine processes in the cardiac muscle using ECG only. The aim is to study the capabilities of acid-alkaline balance measurement in the cardiac muscle using ECG only, in combination with the heart cycle phase analysis. Materials and methods The ECG of the ascending aorta is recorded with Cardiocode device. Amplitudes of the derivatives of leading and trailing edge of R, L and j waves are measured. The QRS complex amplitude depends on the amplitudes of the septum and myocardium muscles contractions. The septum is contracted because of the lesser resistance since the myocardium muscles are not loaded yet. When the myocardium muscles are contracted, they take a heavier load since the septum remains under static strain. It allows evaluating the difference in the energy consumption for each group of the muscles according to the respective ECG derivative...
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The aim was to study changes in the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in BALB/c Nude mice of both sexes with multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs). The BALB/c Nude mice (n=84) of both sexes were divided into groups as follows: intact males and females (n=14), a reference group of mice of both sexes with standard subcutaneous inoculation of B16/F10 melanoma (n=14); the main group of mice with the reproduction of the MPMT model (n=14); B16/ F10 melanoma and Lewis carcinoma were inoculated into mice sequentially subcutaneously on two sides: one on the left side and the other on the right side. After 15 days of the growth of the malignant tumors, GnRH, LH and FSH contents were determined by ELISA using standard kits in 1% of the homogenates of the hypothalamic and pituitary tissues, and estradiol content (E2) was determined in 10% homogenates of ovaries and testes, as well concentrations of testosterone (T) and progesterone (P4) were identified in blood serum with the standard RIA kits (Immunotech, Czech Republic). Results. In the hypothalamus in females of the reference and main groups, the level of GnRH increased by 2.5-4 times, and in males it decreased by an average of 3.1 times; in response to those changes in animals of both sexes in the reference group and in the main group only in females in the pituitary gland the level of LH increased by 1.3-1.6 times, however a decrease in FSH in all groups was more pronounced in females: by 7.8-13.7 times and less pronounced in males: by 1.4-1.7 times (р˂0, 05). In the gonads of females, the level of E2 increased, but the levels of T and P4 decreased, while P4 increased in males. Blood parameters did not reflect hormonal changes in the organs. Conclusion. Abnormalities in the HHG axis performance, along with primary immunodeficiency, play a decisive role in overcoming antitumor protection for uncharacteristic malignant tumors.
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Effect of COVID-19 pandemic: tourism and hospitality industry
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The coronavirus, which causes COVID-19 disease, has unimaginably affected every industry. Among all industries, the tourism and hospitality industry is considered the worst-hit industry, contributing 9% of India’s total GDP; this paper presents an overview of the Indian tourism and hospitality industry before COVID-19. While sending out survey forms, we included general questions like gender, occupation, age, level of education, yearly income, what used to be their choice of location for a holiday before COVID-19, how much they yearly spent on holiday, how they plan their holiday trip, to understand the basic details and reliability of participants, also we did not ask the name of a participant to maintain the anonymity and privacy of a participant, which helped us to get an accurate data. How customers’ changed mindsets different priorities forced the tourism and hospitality industry to change the way of providing service also how the changed time has forced businesses to look for other opportunities to survive in the industry, Moreover here we have test different Sanitization and safety measurements using Friedman test to understand what are the factors that can affect the business of tourism and hospitality industry after the COVID-19 pandemic, as observed by Assaf & Scuderi.
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Effect of diabetes type-II on eye disease and its risk factors; a logit model analysis
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To know the effect of Diabetes type-II on Eye disease and its risk factors in a tertiary eye care hospital in Karachi. This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. The data was retrieved from January to June 2019 from the Hospital Information Management System (HIMS) software of the Institute. Non-probability purposive sampling method was used to collect data. Inclusion criteria were all the diabetics type-II patients came for routine check-ups at Diabetes Eye Department irrespective of age, gender and duration of diabetes. Statistical analysis was done using STATA version 13.0 software for windows. A total of 6090 cases were analyzed. Mean age of the participants was 51.01±10.8 years. There were 2954 (48.5%) male and 3136 (51.5%) female observed in this study. Table 1 shows the results of the binary logistic regression analysis with coefficients and their standard errors (S.E.), Wald test values, p values, odd ratios, and 95% confidence intervals for odds ratios. When all explanatory variables treat as continuous variables, we found that all variables which include age, height, random blood sugar (RBS) and duration of diabetes was statistically significant at the significance level 0.05 except weight and fasting blood sugar (FBS) for individual regression slope coefficients. This study reveals findings through binary logistics regression analysis. It indicates that there is an association found in the patients of eye disease with age, height, weight, RBS, FBS. This stated that there were some risk factors observed in these variables related to eye disease. Those who have the disease have risk factor to developed the others associated disease
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Effect of slow coronary flow on signal-averaged electrocardiogram
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The slow flow coronary or decreased coronary TIMI flow rate is characterized by delayed pacification of coronary vessels in the absence of any evidence of obstruction coronary artery disease and is detected by coronary angiography. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of slow coronary artery flow on signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) as a possible indicator of increased risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
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Effect of smoking on the cardiovascular system of man
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The article presents the state of the cardiovascular system of smokers with different periods of tobacco smoking. From the results of our studies, we can conclude that smoking tobacco in men results in a significant increase in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, a significant reduction in P, PQ and QT times, an insignificant increase in diastolic blood pressure and a decrease in QRS duration.
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